readme.sol2

unix and linux net driver

This file describes the installation process for ppp-2.3 on systems
running Solaris 2.  The Solaris 2 and SVR4 ports share a lot of code
but are not identical.  The STREAMS kernel modules and driver for
Solaris 2 are in the svr4 directory (and use some code from the
modules directory).

NOTE: Although the kernel driver and modules have been designed to
operate correctly on SMP systems, they have not been extensively
tested on SMP machines.  Some users of SMP Solaris x86 systems have
reported system problems apparently linked to the use of previous
versions of this software.  I believe these problems have been fixed.


Installation.
*************

1. Run the configure script and make the user-level programs and the
kernel modules.

	./configure
	make

If you wish to use gcc (or another compiler) instead of Sun's cc, edit
the svr4/Makedefs file and uncomment the definition of CC.  You can
also change the options passed to the C compiler by editing the COPTS
definition.

2. Install the programs and kernel modules: as root, do

	make install

This installs pppd, chat and pppstats in /usr/local/bin and the kernel
modules in /kernel/drv and /kernel/strmod, and creates the /etc/ppp
directory and populates it with default configuration files.  You can
change the installation directories by editing svr4/Makedefs.

If your system normally has only one network interface, the default
Solaris 2 system startup scripts will disable IP forwarding in the IP
kernel module.  This will prevent the remote machine from using the
local machine as a gateway to access other hosts.  The solution is to
create an /etc/ppp/ip-up script containing something like this:

	#!/bin/sh
	/usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/ip ip_forwarding 1

See the man page for ip(7p) for details.

Dynamic STREAMS Re-Plumbing Support.
************************************

Solaris 8 includes dynamic re-plumbing support. With this, modules below ip can 
be inserted, or removed, without having the ip stream be unplumbed, and re-
plumbed again. All states in ip for an interface will therefore now be 
preserved. Users can install (or upgrade) modules like firewall, bandwidth
manager, cache manager, tunneling, etc., without shutting the machine down.

To support this, ppp driver now uses /dev/udp instead of /dev/ip for
the ip stream. The interface stream (where ip module pushed on top of ppp)
is then I_PLINK'ed below the ip stream. /dev/udp is used because STREAMS will
not let a driver be PLINK'ed under itself, and /dev/ip is typically the driver
at the bottom of the tunneling interfaces stream. The mux ids of the ip
streams are then added using SIOCSxIFMUXID ioctl.

Users will be able to see the modules on the insterface stream by, for example:

    pikapon% ifconfig ppp modlist
    0 ip
    1 ppp

Or arbitrarily if bandiwth manager and firewall modules are installed:

    pikapon% ifconfig hme0 modlist
    0 arp
    1 ip
    2 ipqos
    3 firewall
    4 hme

Snoop Support.
**************

This version includes support for /usr/sbin/snoop. Tests has been done on both 
Solaris 7 and 8. Only IPv4 and IPv6 packets will be sent up to stream(s) marked 
as promiscuous, e.g, snoop et al.

Users will be able to see the packets on the ppp interface by, for example:

    snoop -d ppp0

See the man page for snoop(1M) for details.

IPv6 Support.
*************

This is for Solaris 8 and later.

This version has been tested under Solaris 8 running IPv6. As of now, 
interoperability testing has only been done between Solaris machines in terms 
of the IPV6 NCP. An additional command line option for the pppd daemon has 
been added: ipv6cp-use-persistent

By default, compilation for IPv6 support is not enabled. Uncomment the 
necessary lines in pppd/Makefile.sol2 to enable it. Once done, the quickest way 
to get IPv6 running is to add the following somewhere in the command line 
option:

	+ipv6 ipv6cp-use-persistent

The persistent id for the link-local address was added to conform to RFC 2472; 
such that if there's an EUI-48 available, use that to make up the EUI-64. As of 
now, the Solaris implementation extracts the EUI-48 id from the Ethernet's MAC 
address (the ethernet interface needs to be up). Future works might support 
other ways of obtaining a unique yet persistent id, such as EEPROM serial 
numbers, etc.

There need not be any up/down scripts for ipv6, e.g. /etc/ppp/ipv6-up or 
/etc/ppp/ipv6-down, to trigger IPv6 neighbor discovery for auto configuration 
and routing. The in.ndpd daemon will perform all of the necessary jobs in the 
background. /etc/inet/ndpd.conf can be further customized to enable the machine 
as an IPv6 router. See the man page for in.ndpd(1M) and ndpd.conf(4) for 
details.

Below is a sample output of "ifconfig -a" with persistent link-local address.
Note the UNNUMBERED flag is set because hme0 and ppp0 both have identical
link-local IPv6 addresses:

lo0: flags=1000849<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 8232 index 1
        inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000 
hme0: flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 2
        inet 129.146.86.248 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 129.146.86.255
        ether 8:0:20:8d:38:c1 
lo0: flags=2000849<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv6> mtu 8252 index 1
        inet6 ::1/128 
hme0: flags=2000841<UP,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv6> mtu 1500 index 2
        ether 8:0:20:8d:38:c1 
        inet6 fe80::a00:20ff:fe8d:38c1/10 
hme0:1: flags=2080841<UP,RUNNING,MULTICAST,ADDRCONF,IPv6> mtu 1500 index 2
        inet6 fec0::56:a00:20ff:fe8d:38c1/64 
hme0:2: flags=2080841<UP,RUNNING,MULTICAST,ADDRCONF,IPv6> mtu 1500 index 2
        inet6 2000::56:a00:20ff:fe8d:38c1/64 
hme0:3: flags=2080841<UP,RUNNING,MULTICAST,ADDRCONF,IPv6> mtu 1500 index 2
        inet6 2::56:a00:20ff:fe8d:38c1/64 
ppp0: flags=10008d1<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 12
        inet 172.16.1.1 --> 172.16.1.2 netmask ffffff00 
ppp0: flags=2202851<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST,UNNUMBERED,NONUD,IPv6> mtu 1500 index 12
        inet6 fe80::a00:20ff:fe8d:38c1/10 --> fe80::a00:20ff:fe7a:24fb

Note also that a plumbed ipv6 interface stream will exist throughout the entire
PPP session in the case where the peer rejects IPV6CP, which further causes the 
interface state to stay down. Unplumbing will happen when the daemon exits. This
is done by design and is not a bug.

64-bit Support.
***************

This version has been tested under Solaris 7 (and Solaris 8 ) in both 
32- and 64-bits environments (Ultra class machines). Installing the package
by executing "make install" will result in additional files residing in
/kernel/drv/sparcv9 and /kernel/strmod/sparcv9 subdirectories.

64-bit modules and driver have been compiled and tested using Sun's cc.

Synchronous Serial Support.
***************************

This version has working but limited support for the on-board synchronous HDLC 
interfaces. It has been tested with the /dev/se_hdlc and /dev/zsh drivers.
Synchronous mode was tested with a Cisco router.

There ppp daemon does not directly support controlling the serial interface.
It relies on the /usr/sbin/syncinit command to initialize HDLC mode and 
clocking.

Some bugs remain: large sized frames are not sent/received properly, and
may be related to the IP mtu. This
may be due to bugs in pppd itself, bugs in Solaris or the serial drivers. 
The /dev/zsh driver seems more larger and can send/receive larger frames
than the /dev/se_hdlc driver. There is a confirmed bug with NRZ/NRZI mode
in the /dev/se_hdlc driver, and Solaris patch 104596-11 is needed to correct
it. (However this patch seems to introduce other serial problems. If you
don't apply the patch, the workaround is to change the nrzi mode to yes or
no, whichever works)

How to start pppd with synchronous support:

#!/bin/sh

local=1.1.1.1   # your ip address here
baud=38400	# needed, but ignored by serial driver

# Change to the correct serial driver/port
#dev=/dev/zsh0
dev=/dev/se_hdlc0
 
# Change the driver, nrzi mode, speed and clocking to match your setup
# This configuration is for external clocking from the DCE
connect="syncinit se_hdlc0 nrzi=no speed=64000 txc=rxc rxc=rxc"
 
/usr/sbin/pppd $dev sync $baud novj noauth $local: connect "$connect"


Sample Cisco router config excerpt:

!
! Cisco router setup as DCE with RS-232 DCE cable
! 
!         
interface Serial0
 ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation ppp
 clockrate 64000
 no nrzi-encoding
 no shutdown
!