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<HTML><HEAD><!-- This HTML file has been created by texi2html 1.44 from /opt/src/gnu/bison-1.25/bison.texinfo on 30 June 1997 --><TITLE>Bison 1.25 - Invoking Bison</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>Go to the <A HREF="bison_1.html">first</A>, <A HREF="bison_11.html">previous</A>, <A HREF="bison_13.html">next</A>, <A HREF="bison_15.html">last</A> section, <A HREF="index.html">table of contents</A>.<HR><H1><A NAME="SEC87" HREF="index.html#SEC87">Invoking Bison</A></H1><P><A NAME="IDX192"></A><A NAME="IDX193"></A><A NAME="IDX194"></A></P><P>The usual way to invoke Bison is as follows:</P><PRE>bison <VAR>infile</VAR></PRE><P>Here <VAR>infile</VAR> is the grammar file name, which usually ends in<SAMP>`.y'</SAMP>. The parser file's name is made by replacing the <SAMP>`.y'</SAMP>with <SAMP>`.tab.c'</SAMP>. Thus, the <SAMP>`bison foo.y'</SAMP> filename yields<TT>`foo.tab.c'</TT>, and the <SAMP>`bison hack/foo.y'</SAMP> filename yields<TT>`hack/foo.tab.c'</TT>.</P><H2><A NAME="SEC88" HREF="index.html#SEC88">Bison Options</A></H2><P>Bison supports both traditional single-letter options and mnemonic longoption names. Long option names are indicated with <SAMP>`--'</SAMP> instead of<SAMP>`-'</SAMP>. Abbreviations for option names are allowed as long as theyare unique. When a long option takes an argument, like<SAMP>`--file-prefix'</SAMP>, connect the option name and the argument with<SAMP>`='</SAMP>.</P><P>Here is a list of options that can be used with Bison, alphabetized byshort option. It is followed by a cross key alphabetized by longoption.</P><DL COMPACT><DT><SAMP>`-b <VAR>file-prefix</VAR>'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--file-prefix=<VAR>prefix</VAR>'</SAMP><DD>Specify a prefix to use for all Bison output file names. The names arechosen as if the input file were named <TT>`<VAR>prefix</VAR>.c'</TT>.<DT><SAMP>`-d'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--defines'</SAMP><DD>Write an extra output file containing macro definitions for the tokentype names defined in the grammar and the semantic value type<CODE>YYSTYPE</CODE>, as well as a few <CODE>extern</CODE> variable declarations.If the parser output file is named <TT>`<VAR>name</VAR>.c'</TT> then this fileis named <TT>`<VAR>name</VAR>.h'</TT>.This output file is essential if you wish to put the definition of<CODE>yylex</CODE> in a separate source file, because <CODE>yylex</CODE> needs tobe able to refer to token type codes and the variable<CODE>yylval</CODE>. See section <A HREF="bison_7.html#SEC63">Semantic Values of Tokens</A>.<DT><SAMP>`-l'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--no-lines'</SAMP><DD>Don't put any <CODE>#line</CODE> preprocessor commands in the parser file.Ordinarily Bison puts them in the parser file so that the C compilerand debuggers will associate errors with your source file, thegrammar file. This option causes them to associate errors with theparser file, treating it as an independent source file in its own right.<DT><SAMP>`-n'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--no-parser'</SAMP><DD>Do not include any C code in the parser file; generate tables only. Theparser file contains just <CODE>#define</CODE> directives and static variabledeclarations.This option also tells Bison to write the C code for the grammar actionsinto a file named <TT>`<VAR>filename</VAR>.act'</TT>, in the form of abrace-surrounded body fit for a <CODE>switch</CODE> statement.<DT><SAMP>`-o <VAR>outfile</VAR>'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--output-file=<VAR>outfile</VAR>'</SAMP><DD>Specify the name <VAR>outfile</VAR> for the parser file.The other output files' names are constructed from <VAR>outfile</VAR>as described under the <SAMP>`-v'</SAMP> and <SAMP>`-d'</SAMP> options.<DT><SAMP>`-p <VAR>prefix</VAR>'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--name-prefix=<VAR>prefix</VAR>'</SAMP><DD>Rename the external symbols used in the parser so that they start with<VAR>prefix</VAR> instead of <SAMP>`yy'</SAMP>. The precise list of symbols renamedis <CODE>yyparse</CODE>, <CODE>yylex</CODE>, <CODE>yyerror</CODE>, <CODE>yynerrs</CODE>,<CODE>yylval</CODE>, <CODE>yychar</CODE> and <CODE>yydebug</CODE>.For example, if you use <SAMP>`-p c'</SAMP>, the names become <CODE>cparse</CODE>,<CODE>clex</CODE>, and so on.See section <A HREF="bison_6.html#SEC58">Multiple Parsers in the Same Program</A>.<DT><SAMP>`-r'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--raw'</SAMP><DD>Pretend that <CODE>%raw</CODE> was specified. See section <A HREF="bison_6.html#SEC57">Bison Declaration Summary</A>.<DT><SAMP>`-t'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--debug'</SAMP><DD>Output a definition of the macro <CODE>YYDEBUG</CODE> into the parser file,so that the debugging facilities are compiled. See section <A HREF="bison_11.html#SEC86">Debugging Your Parser</A>.<DT><SAMP>`-v'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--verbose'</SAMP><DD>Write an extra output file containing verbose descriptions of theparser states and what is done for each type of look-ahead token inthat state.This file also describes all the conflicts, both those resolved byoperator precedence and the unresolved ones.The file's name is made by removing <SAMP>`.tab.c'</SAMP> or <SAMP>`.c'</SAMP> fromthe parser output file name, and adding <SAMP>`.output'</SAMP> instead.Therefore, if the input file is <TT>`foo.y'</TT>, then the parser file iscalled <TT>`foo.tab.c'</TT> by default. As a consequence, the verboseoutput file is called <TT>`foo.output'</TT>.<DT><SAMP>`-V'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--version'</SAMP><DD>Print the version number of Bison and exit.<DT><SAMP>`-h'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--help'</SAMP><DD>Print a summary of the command-line options to Bison and exit.<DT><SAMP>`-y'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--yacc'</SAMP><DD><DT><SAMP>`--fixed-output-files'</SAMP><DD>Equivalent to <SAMP>`-o y.tab.c'</SAMP>; the parser output file is called<TT>`y.tab.c'</TT>, and the other outputs are called <TT>`y.output'</TT> and<TT>`y.tab.h'</TT>. The purpose of this option is to imitate Yacc's outputfile name conventions. Thus, the following shell script can substitutefor Yacc:<PRE>bison -y $*</PRE></DL><H2><A NAME="SEC89" HREF="index.html#SEC89">Option Cross Key</A></H2><P>Here is a list of options, alphabetized by long option, to help you findthe corresponding short option.</P><H2><A NAME="SEC90" HREF="index.html#SEC90">Invoking Bison under VMS</A></H2><P><A NAME="IDX195"></A><A NAME="IDX196"></A></P><P>The command line syntax for Bison on VMS is a variant of the usualBison command syntax--adapted to fit VMS conventions.</P><P>To find the VMS equivalent for any Bison option, start with the longoption, and substitute a <SAMP>`/'</SAMP> for the leading <SAMP>`--'</SAMP>, andsubstitute a <SAMP>`_'</SAMP> for each <SAMP>`-'</SAMP> in the name of the long option.For example, the following invocation under VMS:</P><PRE>bison /debug/name_prefix=bar foo.y</PRE><P>is equivalent to the following command under POSIX.</P><PRE>bison --debug --name-prefix=bar foo.y</PRE><P>The VMS file system does not permit filenames such as<TT>`foo.tab.c'</TT>. In the above example, the output filewould instead be named <TT>`foo_tab.c'</TT>.</P><HR>Go to the <A HREF="bison_1.html">first</A>, <A HREF="bison_11.html">previous</A>, <A HREF="bison_13.html">next</A>, <A HREF="bison_15.html">last</A> section, <A HREF="index.html">table of contents</A>.</BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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