console.c

操作系统控制台程序

/* Code and data for the IBM console driver.
 *
 * The 6845 video controller used by the IBM PC shares its video memory with
 * the CPU somewhere in the 0xB0000 memory bank.  To the 6845 this memory
 * consists of 16-bit words.  Each word has a character code in the low byte
 * and a so-called attribute byte in the high byte.  The CPU directly modifies
 * video memory to display characters, and sets two registers on the 6845 that
 * specify the video origin and the cursor position.  The video origin is the
 * place in video memory where the first character (upper left corner) can
 * be found.  Moving the origin is a fast way to scroll the screen.  Some
 * video adapters wrap around the top of video memory, so the origin can
 * move without bounds.  For other adapters screen memory must sometimes be
 * moved to reset the origin.  All computations on video memory use character
 * (word) addresses for simplicity and assume there is no wrapping.  The
 * assembly support functions translate the word addresses to byte addresses
 * and the scrolling function worries about wrapping.
 */

#include "kernel.h"
#include <termios.h>
#include <minix/callnr.h>
#include <minix/com.h>
#include "protect.h"
#include "tty.h"
#include "proc.h"

/* Definitions used by the console driver. */
#define MONO_BASE    0xB0000L	/* base of mono video memory */
#define COLOR_BASE   0xB8000L	/* base of color video memory */
#define MONO_SIZE     0x1000	/* 4K mono video memory */
#define COLOR_SIZE    0x4000	/* 16K color video memory */
#define EGA_SIZE      0x8000	/* EGA & VGA have at least 32K */
#define BLANK_COLOR   0x0700	/* determines cursor color on blank screen */
#define SCROLL_UP          0	/* scroll forward */
#define SCROLL_DOWN        1	/* scroll backward */
#define BLANK_MEM ((u16_t *) 0)	/* tells mem_vid_copy() to blank the screen */
#define CONS_RAM_WORDS    80	/* video ram buffer size */
#define MAX_ESC_PARMS      2	/* number of escape sequence params allowed */

/* Constants relating to the controller chips. */
#define M_6845         0x3B4	/* port for 6845 mono */
#define C_6845         0x3D4	/* port for 6845 color */
#define EGA            0x3C4	/* port for EGA card */
#define INDEX              0	/* 6845's index register */
#define DATA               1	/* 6845's data register */
#define VID_ORG           12	/* 6845's origin register */
#define CURSOR            14	/* 6845's cursor register */

/* Beeper. */
#define BEEP_FREQ     0x0533	/* value to put into timer to set beep freq */
#define B_TIME		   3	/* length of CTRL-G beep is ticks */

/* definitions used for font management */
#define GA_SEQUENCER_INDEX	0x3C4
#define GA_SEQUENCER_DATA	0x3C5
#define GA_GRAPHICS_INDEX	0x3CE
#define GA_GRAPHICS_DATA	0x3CF
#define GA_VIDEO_ADDRESS	0xA0000L
#define GA_FONT_SIZE		8192

/* Global variables used by the console driver. */
PUBLIC unsigned vid_seg;	/* video ram selector (0xB0000 or 0xB8000) */
PUBLIC unsigned vid_size;	/* 0x2000 for color or 0x0800 for mono */
PUBLIC unsigned vid_mask;	/* 0x1FFF for color or 0x07FF for mono */
PUBLIC unsigned blank_color = BLANK_COLOR; /* display code for blank */

/* Private variables used by the console driver. */
PRIVATE int vid_port;		/* I/O port for accessing 6845 */
PRIVATE int wrap;		/* hardware can wrap? */
PRIVATE int softscroll;		/* 1 = software scrolling, 0 = hardware */
PRIVATE unsigned vid_base;	/* base of video ram (0xB000 or 0xB800) */
PRIVATE int beeping;		/* speaker is beeping? */
#define scr_width	80	/* # characters on a line */
#define scr_lines	25	/* # lines on the screen */
#define scr_size	(80*25)	/* # characters on the screen */

/* Per console data. */
typedef struct console {
  tty_t *c_tty;			/* associated TTY struct */
  int c_column;			/* current column number (0-origin) */
  int c_row;			/* current row (0 at top of screen) */
  int c_rwords;			/* number of WORDS (not bytes) in outqueue */
  unsigned c_start;		/* start of video memory of this console */
  unsigned c_limit;		/* limit of this console's video memory */
  unsigned c_org;		/* location in RAM where 6845 base points */
  unsigned c_cur;		/* current position of cursor in video RAM */
  unsigned c_attr;		/* character attribute */
  unsigned c_blank;		/* blank attribute */
  char c_esc_state;		/* 0=normal, 1=ESC, 2=ESC[ */
  char c_esc_intro;		/* Distinguishing character following ESC */
  int *c_esc_parmp;		/* pointer to current escape parameter */
  int c_esc_parmv[MAX_ESC_PARMS];	/* list of escape parameters */
  u16_t c_ramqueue[CONS_RAM_WORDS];	/* buffer for video RAM */
} console_t;

PRIVATE int nr_cons= 1;		/* actual number of consoles */
PRIVATE console_t cons_table[NR_CONS];
PRIVATE console_t *curcons;	/* currently visible */

/* Color if using a color controller. */
#define color	(vid_port == C_6845)

/* Map from ANSI colors to the attributes used by the PC */
PRIVATE int ansi_colors[8] = {0, 4, 2, 6, 1, 5, 3, 7};

/* Structure used for font management */
struct sequence {
	unsigned short index;
	unsigned char port;
	unsigned char value;
};

FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void cons_write, (struct tty *tp)			);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void cons_echo, (tty_t *tp, int c)			);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void out_char, (console_t *cons, int c)		);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void beep, (void)					);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void do_escape, (console_t *cons, int c)		);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void flush, (console_t *cons)			);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void parse_escape, (console_t *cons, int c)		);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void scroll_screen, (console_t *cons, int dir)	);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void set_6845, (int reg, unsigned val)		);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void stop_beep, (void)				);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void cons_org0, (void)				);
FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void ga_program, (struct sequence *seq) );


/*===========================================================================*
 *				cons_write				     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void cons_write(tp)
register struct tty *tp;	/* tells which terminal is to be used */
{
/* Copy as much data as possible to the output queue, then start I/O.  On
 * memory-mapped terminals, such as the IBM console, the I/O will also be
 * finished, and the counts updated.  Keep repeating until all I/O done.
 */

  int count;
  register char *tbuf;
  char buf[64];
  phys_bytes user_phys;
  console_t *cons = tp->tty_priv;

  /* Check quickly for nothing to do, so this can be called often without
   * unmodular tests elsewhere.
   */
  if ((count = tp->tty_outleft) == 0 || tp->tty_inhibited) return;

  /* Copy the user bytes to buf[] for decent addressing. Loop over the
   * copies, since the user buffer may be much larger than buf[].
   */
  do {
	if (count > sizeof(buf)) count = sizeof(buf);
	user_phys = proc_vir2phys(proc_addr(tp->tty_outproc), tp->tty_out_vir);
	phys_copy(user_phys, vir2phys(buf), (phys_bytes) count);
	tbuf = buf;

	/* Update terminal data structure. */
	tp->tty_out_vir += count;
	tp->tty_outcum += count;
	tp->tty_outleft -= count;

	/* Output each byte of the copy to the screen.  Avoid calling
	 * out_char() for the "easy" characters, put them into the buffer
	 * directly.
	 */
	do {
		if ((unsigned) *tbuf < ' ' || cons->c_esc_state > 0
			|| cons->c_column >= scr_width
			|| cons->c_rwords >= buflen(cons->c_ramqueue))
		{
			out_char(cons, *tbuf++);
		} else {
			cons->c_ramqueue[cons->c_rwords++] =
					cons->c_attr | (*tbuf++ & BYTE);
			cons->c_column++;
		}
	} while (--count != 0);
  } while ((count = tp->tty_outleft) != 0 && !tp->tty_inhibited);

  flush(cons);			/* transfer anything buffered to the screen */

  /* Reply to the writer if all output is finished. */
  if (tp->tty_outleft == 0) {
	tty_reply(tp->tty_outrepcode, tp->tty_outcaller, tp->tty_outproc,
							tp->tty_outcum);
	tp->tty_outcum = 0;
  }
}


/*===========================================================================*
 *				cons_echo				     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void cons_echo(tp, c)
register tty_t *tp;		/* pointer to tty struct */
int c;				/* character to be echoed */
{
/* Echo keyboard input (print & flush). */
  console_t *cons = tp->tty_priv;

  out_char(cons, c);
  flush(cons);
}


/*===========================================================================*
 *				out_char				     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void out_char(cons, c)
register console_t *cons;	/* pointer to console struct */
int c;				/* character to be output */
{
/* Output a character on the console.  Check for escape sequences first. */
  if (cons->c_esc_state > 0) {
	parse_escape(cons, c);
	return;
  }

  switch(c) {
	case 000:		/* null is typically used for padding */
		return;		/* better not do anything */

	case 007:		/* ring the bell */
		flush(cons);	/* print any chars queued for output */
		beep();
		return;

	case '\b':		/* backspace */
		if (--cons->c_column < 0) {
			if (--cons->c_row >= 0) cons->c_column += scr_width;
		}
		flush(cons);
		return;

	case '\n':		/* line feed */
		if ((cons->c_tty->tty_termios.c_oflag & (OPOST|ONLCR))
						== (OPOST|ONLCR)) {
			cons->c_column = 0;
		}
		/*FALL THROUGH*/
	case 013:		/* CTRL-K */
	case 014:		/* CTRL-L */
		if (cons->c_row == scr_lines-1) {
			scroll_screen(cons, SCROLL_UP);
		} else {
			cons->c_row++;
		}
		flush(cons);
		return;

	case '\r':		/* carriage return */
		cons->c_column = 0;
		flush(cons);
		return;

	case '\t':		/* tab */
		cons->c_column = (cons->c_column + TAB_SIZE) & ~TAB_MASK;
		if (cons->c_column > scr_width) {
			cons->c_column -= scr_width;
			if (cons->c_row == scr_lines-1) {
				scroll_screen(cons, SCROLL_UP);
			} else {
				cons->c_row++;
			}
		}
		flush(cons);
		return;

	case 033:		/* ESC - start of an escape sequence */
		flush(cons);	/* print any chars queued for output */
		cons->c_esc_state = 1;	/* mark ESC as seen */
		return;

	default:		/* printable chars are stored in ramqueue */
		if (cons->c_column >= scr_width) {
			if (!LINEWRAP) return;
			if (cons->c_row == scr_lines-1) {
				scroll_screen(cons, SCROLL_UP);
			} else {
				cons->c_row++;
			}
			cons->c_column = 0;
			flush(cons);
		}
		if (cons->c_rwords == buflen(cons->c_ramqueue)) flush(cons);
		cons->c_ramqueue[cons->c_rwords++] = cons->c_attr | (c & BYTE);
		cons->c_column++;			/* next column */
		return;
  }
}


/*===========================================================================*
 *				scroll_screen				     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void scroll_screen(cons, dir)
register console_t *cons;	/* pointer to console struct */
int dir;			/* SCROLL_UP or SCROLL_DOWN */
{
  unsigned new_line, new_org, chars;

  flush(cons);
  chars = scr_size - scr_width;		/* one screen minus one line */

  /* Scrolling the screen is a real nuisance due to the various incompatible
   * video cards.  This driver supports software scrolling (Hercules?),
   * hardware scrolling (mono and CGA cards) and hardware scrolling without
   * wrapping (EGA cards).  In the latter case we must make sure that
   *		c_start <= c_org && c_org + scr_size <= c_limit
   * holds, because EGA doesn't wrap around the end of video memory.
   */
  if (dir == SCROLL_UP) {
	/* Scroll one line up in 3 ways: soft, avoid wrap, use origin. */
	if (softscroll) {
		vid_vid_copy(cons->c_start + scr_width, cons->c_start, chars);
	} else
	if (!wrap && cons->c_org + scr_size + scr_width >= cons->c_limit) {
		vid_vid_copy(cons->c_org + scr_width, cons->c_start, chars);
		cons->c_org = cons->c_start;
	} else {
		cons->c_org = (cons->c_org + scr_width) & vid_mask;
	}
	new_line = (cons->c_org + chars) & vid_mask;
  } else {
	/* Scroll one line down in 3 ways: soft, avoid wrap, use origin. */
	if (softscroll) {
		vid_vid_copy(cons->c_start, cons->c_start + scr_width, chars);
	} else
	if (!wrap && cons->c_org < cons->c_start + scr_width) {
		new_org = cons->c_limit - scr_size;
		vid_vid_copy(cons->c_org, new_org + scr_width, chars);
		cons->c_org = new_org;
	} else {
		cons->c_org = (cons->c_org - scr_width) & vid_mask;
	}
	new_line = cons->c_org;
  }
  /* Blank the new line at top or bottom. */
  blank_color = cons->c_blank;
  mem_vid_copy(BLANK_MEM, new_line, scr_width);

  /* Set the new video origin. */
  if (cons == curcons) set_6845(VID_ORG, cons->c_org);
  flush(cons);
}


/*===========================================================================*
 *				flush					     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void flush(cons)
register console_t *cons;	/* pointer to console struct */
{
/* Send characters buffered in 'ramqueue' to screen memory, check the new
 * cursor position, compute the new hardware cursor position and set it.
 */
  unsigned cur;
  tty_t *tp = cons->c_tty;

  /* Have the characters in 'ramqueue' transferred to the screen. */
  if (cons->c_rwords > 0) {
	mem_vid_copy(cons->c_ramqueue, cons->c_cur, cons->c_rwords);
	cons->c_rwords = 0;

	/* TTY likes to know the current column and if echoing messed up. */
	tp->tty_position = cons->c_column;
	tp->tty_reprint = TRUE;
  }

  /* Check and update the cursor position. */
  if (cons->c_column < 0) cons->c_column = 0;
  if (cons->c_column > scr_width) cons->c_column = scr_width;
  if (cons->c_row < 0) cons->c_row = 0;
  if (cons->c_row >= scr_lines) cons->c_row = scr_lines - 1;
  cur = cons->c_org + cons->c_row * scr_width + cons->c_column;
  if (cur != cons->c_cur) {
	if (cons == curcons) set_6845(CURSOR, cur);
	cons->c_cur = cur;
  }
}


/*===========================================================================*
 *				parse_escape				     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void parse_escape(cons, c)
register console_t *cons;	/* pointer to console struct */
char c;				/* next character in escape sequence */
{
/* The following ANSI escape sequences are currently supported.
 * If n and/or m are omitted, they default to 1.
 *   ESC [nA moves up n lines
 *   ESC [nB moves down n lines
 *   ESC [nC moves right n spaces
 *   ESC [nD moves left n spaces
 *   ESC [m;nH" moves cursor to (m,n)
 *   ESC [J clears screen from cursor
 *   ESC [K clears line from cursor
 *   ESC [nL inserts n lines ar cursor
 *   ESC [nM deletes n lines at cursor
 *   ESC [nP deletes n chars at cursor
 *   ESC [n@ inserts n chars at cursor
 *   ESC [nm enables rendition n (0=normal, 4=bold, 5=blinking, 7=reverse)
 *   ESC M scrolls the screen backwards if the cursor is on the top line
 */

  switch (cons->c_esc_state) {
    case 1:			/* ESC seen */
	cons->c_esc_intro = '\0';
	cons->c_esc_parmp = cons->c_esc_parmv;
	cons->c_esc_parmv[0] = cons->c_esc_parmv[1] = 0;
	switch (c) {
	    case '[':	/* Control Sequence Introducer */
		cons->c_esc_intro = c;
		cons->c_esc_state = 2;
		break;
	    case 'M':	/* Reverse Index */
		do_escape(cons, c);
		break;
	    default:
		cons->c_esc_state = 0;
	}
	break;

    case 2:			/* ESC [ seen */
	if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
		if (cons->c_esc_parmp < bufend(cons->c_esc_parmv))
			*cons->c_esc_parmp = *cons->c_esc_parmp * 10 + (c-'0');
	} else
	if (c == ';') {
		if (++cons->c_esc_parmp < bufend(cons->c_esc_parmv))
			*cons->c_esc_parmp = 0;
	} else {
		do_escape(cons, c);
	}
	break;
  }
}


/*===========================================================================*
 *				do_escape				     *
 *===========================================================================*/
PRIVATE void do_escape(cons, c)
register console_t *cons;	/* pointer to console struct */
char c;				/* next character in escape sequence */
{
  int value, n;
  unsigned src, dst, count;

  /* Some of these things hack on screen RAM, so it had better be up to date */
  flush(cons);

  if (cons->c_esc_intro == '\0') {
	/* Handle a sequence beginning with just ESC */
	switch (c) {
	    case 'M':		/* Reverse Index */
		if (cons->c_row == 0) {
			scroll_screen(cons, SCROLL_DOWN);
		} else {
			cons->c_row--;
		}
		flush(cons);
		break;

	    default: break;
	}
  } else
  if (cons->c_esc_intro == '[') {
	/* Handle a sequence beginning with ESC [ and parameters */
	value = cons->c_esc_parmv[0];
	switch (c) {
	    case 'A':		/* ESC [nA moves up n lines */
		n = (value == 0 ? 1 : value);