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<HTML><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><!-- Created on September, 12  2004 by texi2html 1.64 --><!-- Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)            Karl Berry  <karl@freefriends.org>            Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de>            and many others.Maintained by: Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de>Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html@mathematik.uni-kl.de> --><HEAD><TITLE>Autoconf, Automake, and Libtool: Using Libtool Libraries</TITLE><META NAME="description" CONTENT="Autoconf, Automake, and Libtool: Using Libtool Libraries"><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Autoconf, Automake, and Libtool: Using Libtool Libraries"><META NAME="resource-type" CONTENT="document"><META NAME="distribution" CONTENT="global"><META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="texi2html 1.64"><script language="Javascript"><!--    // Check the browser version.    function checkVersion() {      if (navigator.appVersion.charAt(0)>=3) return true;      if (navigator.appVersion.charAt(0)>=4) return true; 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<TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_93.html#SEC93" onMouseover="img_act('back')" onMouseout="img_inact('back')"><IMG SRC="back.png" BORDER="0" ALT="FastBack: A Large GNU Autotools Project" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="back"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_93.html#SEC93" onMouseover="img_act('up')" onMouseout="img_inact('up')"><IMG SRC="up.png" BORDER="0" ALT="Up: A Large GNU Autotools Project" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="up"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_99.html#SEC99" onMouseover="img_act('forward')" onMouseout="img_inact('forward')"><IMG SRC="forward.png" BORDER="0" ALT="FastForward: Rolling Distribution Tarballs" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="forward"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook.html#SEC_Top" onMouseover="img_act('home')" onMouseout="img_inact('home')"><IMG SRC="home.png" BORDER="0" ALT="Top: Autoconf, Automake, and Libtool" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="home"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_toc.html#SEC_Contents" onMouseover="img_act('toc')" onMouseout="img_inact('toc')"><IMG SRC="toc.png" BORDER="0" ALT="Contents: Table of Contents" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="toc"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_285.html#SEC285" onMouseover="img_act('index')" onMouseout="img_inact('index')"><IMG SRC="index.png" BORDER="0" ALT="Index: Index" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="index"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_abt.html#SEC_About" onMouseover="img_act('help')" onMouseout="img_inact('help')"><IMG SRC="help.png" BORDER="0" ALT="About: About this document" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="help"></A></TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><H2> 12.1 Using Libtool Libraries </H2><!--docid::SEC94::--><P>As you have seen, It is very easy to convert <CODE>automake</CODE> builtstatic libraries to <CODE>automake</CODE> built Libtool libraries. In orderto build <SAMP>`libsic'</SAMP> as a Libtool library, I have changed the name ofthe library from <TT>`libsic.a'</TT> (the <EM>old archive</EM> name in Libtoolterminology) to <TT>`libsic.la'</TT> (the <EM>pseudo-library</EM>), and mustuse the <CODE>LTLIBRARIES</CODE> Automake primary:</P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre></pre></td></tr></table>Notice the <SAMP>`la'</SAMP> in <CODE>libsic_la_SOURCES</CODE> is new too.</P><P>It is similarly easy to take advantage of Libtool <EM>convenience</EM>libraries.  For the purposes of Sic, <TT>`libreplace'</TT> is an idealcandidate for this treatment -- I can create the library as a separateentity from selected sources in their own directory, and add thoseobjects to <TT>`libsic'</TT>.  This technique ensures that the installedlibrary has all of the support functions it needs without having tolink <TT>`libreplace'</TT> as a separate object.</P><P>In <TT>`replace/Makefile.am'</TT>, I have again changed the name of thelibrary from<BR> <TT>`libreplace.a'</TT> to <TT>`libreplace.la'</TT>, and changedthe automake primary from <SAMP>`LIBRARIES'</SAMP> to <SAMP>`LTLIBRARIES'</SAMP>.Unfortunately, those changes alone are insufficient.  Libtool librariesare compiled from Libtool objects (which have the <SAMP>`.lo'</SAMP> suffix), soI cannot use <SAMP>`LIBOBJS'</SAMP> which is a list of <SAMP>`.o'</SAMP> suffixedobjects<A NAME="DOCF22" HREF="autobook_fot.html#FOOT22">(22)</A>.See section <A HREF="autobook_86.html#SEC86">11.1.2 Extra Macros for Libtool</A>, for more details.  Here is<TT>`replace/Makefile.am'</TT>:</P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre></pre></td></tr></table></P><P>And not forgetting to set and use the <SAMP>`LTLIBOBJS'</SAMP> configuresubstitution (see section <A HREF="autobook_86.html#SEC86">11.1.2 Extra Macros for Libtool</A>):</P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre></pre></td></tr></table></P><P>As a consequence of using <CODE>libtool</CODE> to build the projectlibraries, the increasing number of configuration files being added tothe <TT>`config'</TT> directory will grow to include <TT>`ltconfig'</TT> and<TT>`ltmain.sh'</TT>.  These files will be used on the installer's machinewhen Sic is configured, so it is important to distribute them.  Thenaive way to do it is to give the <TT>`config'</TT> directory a<TT>`Makefile.am'</TT> of its own;  however, it is not too difficult todistribute these files from the top <TT>`Makefile.am'</TT>, and it savesclutter, as you can see here:</P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre></pre></td></tr></table></P><P>The <SAMP>`dist-hook'</SAMP> rule is used to make sure the <TT>`config'</TT>directory and the files it contains are correctly added to thedistribution by the <SAMP>`make dist'</SAMP> rules, see section <A HREF="autobook_100.html#SEC100">13.1 Introduction to Distributions</A>.</P><P>I have been careful to use the <CODE>configure</CODE> script's location for<CODE>ac_aux_dir</CODE>, so that it is defined (and can be changed) in onlyone place.  This is achieved by adding the following macro to<TT>`configure.in'</TT>: </P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre>AC_SUBST(ac_aux_dir)</pre></td></tr></table></P><P>There is no need to explicitly set a macro in the <TT>`Makefile.am'</TT>,because Automake automatically creates macros for every value that you<SAMP>`AC_SUBST'</SAMP> from <TT>`configure.in'</TT>.</P><P>I have also added the <CODE>AC_PROG_LIBTOOL</CODE> macro to<TT>`configure.in'</TT> in place of <CODE>AC_PROG_RANLIB</CODE> as described in<A HREF="autobook_83.html#SEC83">11. Using GNU Libtool with <TT>`configure.in'</TT> and <TT>`Makefile.am'</TT></A>.</P><P>Now I can upgrade the configury to use <CODE>libtool</CODE> -- the greaterpart of this is running the <CODE>libtoolize</CODE> script that comes withthe Libtool distribution.   The <CODE>bootstrap</CODE> script then needs tobe updated to run <CODE>libtoolize</CODE> at the correct juncture:</P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre></pre></td></tr></table></P><P>Now I can re-bootstrap the entire project so that it can make use of<CODE>libtool</CODE>: </P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre>$ ./bootstrap+ aclocal -I config+ libtoolize --force --copyPutting files in AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR, config.+ autoheader+ automake --add-missing --copyautomake: configure.in: installing config/install-shautomake: configure.in: installing config/mkinstalldirsautomake: configure.in: installing config/missing+ autoconf</pre></td></tr></table></P><P>The new macros are evident by the new output seen when the newlyregenerated <CODE>configure</CODE> script is executed:</P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre>$ ./configure --with-readline...checking host system type... i586-pc-linux-gnuchecking build system type... i586-pc-linux-gnuchecking for ld used by GCC... /usr/bin/ldchecking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yeschecking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -rchecking for BSD-compatible nm... /usr/bin/nm -Bchecking whether ln -s works... yeschecking how to recognise dependent libraries... pass_allchecking for object suffix... ochecking for executable suffix... nochecking for ranlib... ranlibchecking for strip... strip...checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yeschecking whether to build shared libraries... yeschecking whether to build static libraries... yescreating libtool...$ make...gcc -g -O2 -o .libs/sic sic.o sic_builtin.o sic_repl.o sic_syntax.o \../sic/.libs/libsic.so -lreadline -Wl,--rpath -Wl,/usr/local/libcreating sic...$ src/sic] libtool --mode=execute ldd src/sic    libsic.so.0 =&#62; /tmp/sic/sic/.libs/libsic.so.0 (0x40014000)    libreadline.so.4 =&#62; /lib/libreadline.so.4 (0x4001e000)    libc.so.6 =&#62; /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40043000)    libncurses.so.5 =&#62; /lib/libncurses.so.5 (0x40121000)    /lib/ld-linux.so.2 =&#62; /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)] exit$</pre></td></tr></table></P><P>As you can see, <CODE>sic</CODE> is now linked against a shared librarybuild of <TT>`libsic'</TT>, but not directly against the conveniencelibrary, <TT>`libreplace'</TT>.</P><P><A NAME="Removing --foreign"></A></TR></TABLE><BR>  <FONT SIZE="-1">This document was generatedby <I>Gary V. Vaughan</I> on <I>September, 12  2004</I>using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html"><I>texi2html</I></A></BODY></HTML>
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