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<HTML><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><!-- Created on September, 12  2004 by texi2html 1.64 --><!-- Written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)            Karl Berry  <karl@freefriends.org>            Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de>            and many others.Maintained by: Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de>Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html@mathematik.uni-kl.de> --><HEAD><TITLE>Autoconf, Automake, and Libtool: 14.1 Where files are installed</TITLE><META NAME="description" CONTENT="Autoconf, Automake, and Libtool: 14.1 Where files are installed"><META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Autoconf, Automake, and Libtool: 14.1 Where files are installed"><META NAME="resource-type" CONTENT="document"><META NAME="distribution" CONTENT="global"><META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="texi2html 1.64"><script language="Javascript"><!--    // Check the browser version.    function checkVersion() {      if (navigator.appVersion.charAt(0)>=3) return true; 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<TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_105.html#SEC105" onMouseover="img_act('back')" onMouseout="img_inact('back')"><IMG SRC="back.png" BORDER="0" ALT="FastBack: Installing and Uninstalling" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="back"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_105.html#SEC105" onMouseover="img_act('up')" onMouseout="img_inact('up')"><IMG SRC="up.png" BORDER="0" ALT="Up: Installing and Uninstalling" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="up"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_110.html#SEC110" onMouseover="img_act('forward')" onMouseout="img_inact('forward')"><IMG SRC="forward.png" BORDER="0" ALT="FastForward: Writing Portable C" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="forward"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook.html#SEC_Top" onMouseover="img_act('home')" onMouseout="img_inact('home')"><IMG SRC="home.png" BORDER="0" ALT="Top: Autoconf, Automake, and Libtool" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="home"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_toc.html#SEC_Contents" onMouseover="img_act('toc')" onMouseout="img_inact('toc')"><IMG SRC="toc.png" BORDER="0" ALT="Contents: Table of Contents" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="toc"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_285.html#SEC285" onMouseover="img_act('index')" onMouseout="img_inact('index')"><IMG SRC="index.png" BORDER="0" ALT="Index: Index" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="index"></A></TD></TR><TR VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="LEFT"><TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT"><A HREF="autobook_abt.html#SEC_About" onMouseover="img_act('help')" onMouseout="img_inact('help')"><IMG SRC="help.png" BORDER="0" ALT="About: About this document" ALIGN="MIDDLE" NAME="help"></A></TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><H2> 14.1 Where files are installed </H2><!--docid::SEC106::--><P>If you've ever run <CODE>configure --help</CODE>, you've probably beenfrightened by the huge number of options offered.  Although nobody everuses more than two or three of these, they are still important tounderstand when writing your package; their proper use will help youfigure out where each file should be installed.  For a background onthese standard directories and their uses, refer to <A HREF="autobook_13.html#SEC13">3. How to run configure and make</A>.</P><P>We do recommend using the standard directories as described.  While mostpackage builders only use <SAMP>`--prefix'</SAMP> or perhaps<SAMP>`--exec-prefix'</SAMP>, some packages (eg. GNU/Linux distributions)require more control.  For instance, if your package <SAMP>`quux'</SAMP> puts afile into <CODE>sysconfigdir</CODE>, then in the default configuration it willend up in <TT>`/usr/local/var'</TT>.  However, for a GNU/Linuxdistribution it would make more sense to configure with<SAMP>`--sysconfigdir=/var/quux'</SAMP>.</P><P>Automake makes it very easy to use the standard directories.  Eachdirectory, such as <SAMP>`bindir'</SAMP>, is mapped onto a <TT>`Makefile'</TT>variable of the same name.  Automake adds three useful variables to thestandard list:</P><P><DL COMPACT><DT><CODE>pkgincludedir</CODE><DD>This is a convenience variable whose value is<SAMP>`$(includedir)/$(PACKAGE)'</SAMP>.<P><DT><CODE>pkgdatadir</CODE><DD>A convenience variable whose value is <SAMP>`$(datadir)/$(PACKAGE)'</SAMP>.<P><DT><CODE>pkglibdir</CODE><DD>A variable whose value is <SAMP>`$(libdir)/$(PACKAGE)'</SAMP>.</DL><P>These cannot be set on the <CODE>configure</CODE> command line but are alwaysdefined as above.  <A NAME="DOCF29" HREF="autobook_fot.html#FOOT29">(29)</A></P><P>In Automake, a directory variable's name, without the <SAMP>`dir'</SAMP> suffix,can be used as a prefix to a primary to indicate install location.Confused yet?  And example will help: items listed in<SAMP>`bin_PROGRAMS'</SAMP> are installed in <SAMP>`bindir'</SAMP>.</P><P>Automake's rules are actually a bit more precise than this: thedirectory and the primary must agree.  It doesn't make sense to installa library in <SAMP>`datadir'</SAMP>, so Automake won't let you.  Here is acomplete list showing primaries and the directories which can be usedwith them:</P><P><DL COMPACT><DT><SAMP>`PROGRAMS'</SAMP><DD><SAMP>`bindir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`sbindir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`libexecdir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`pkglibdir'</SAMP>.<P><DT><SAMP>`LIBRARIES'</SAMP><DD><SAMP>`libdir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`pkglibdir'</SAMP>.<P><DT><SAMP>`LTLIBRARIES'</SAMP><DD><SAMP>`libdir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`pkglibdir'</SAMP>.<P><DT><SAMP>`SCRIPTS'</SAMP><DD><SAMP>`bindir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`sbindir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`libexecdir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`pkgdatadir'</SAMP>.<P><DT><SAMP>`DATA'</SAMP><DD><SAMP>`datadir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`sysconfdir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`sharedstatedir'</SAMP>,<SAMP>`localstatedir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`pkgdatadir'</SAMP>.<P><DT><SAMP>`HEADERS'</SAMP><DD><SAMP>`includedir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`oldincludedir'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`pkgincludedir'</SAMP>.<P><DT><SAMP>`TEXINFOS'</SAMP><DD><SAMP>`infodir'</SAMP>.<P><DT><SAMP>`MANS'</SAMP><DD><SAMP>`man'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`man0'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`man1'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`man2'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`man3'</SAMP>,<SAMP>`man4'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`man5'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`man6'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`man7'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`man8'</SAMP>,<SAMP>`man9'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`mann'</SAMP>, <SAMP>`manl'</SAMP>.</DL><P>There are two other useful prefixes which, while not directory names,can be used in their place.  These prefixes are valid with any primary.The first of these is <SAMP>`noinst'</SAMP>.  This prefix tells Automake thatthe listed objects should not be installed, but should be built anyway.For instance, you can use <SAMP>`noinst_PROGRAMS'</SAMP> to list programs whichwill not be installed.</P><P>The second such non-directory prefix is <SAMP>`check'</SAMP>.  This prefix tellsAutomake that this object should not be installed, and furthermore thatit should only be built when the user runs <CODE>make check</CODE>.</P><P>Early in Automake history we discovered that even Automake's extendedbuilt-in list of directories was not enough -- basically anyone who hadwritten a <TT>`Makefile.am'</TT> sent in a bug report about this.  NowAutomake lets you extend the list of directories.</P><P>First you must define your own directory variable.  This is a macrowhose name ends in <SAMP>`dir'</SAMP>.  Define this variable however you like.We suggest that you define it relative to an autoconf directoryvariable; this gives the user some control over the value.  Don'thardcode it to something like <TT>`/etc'</TT>; absolute hardcoded paths arerarely portable.</P><P>Now you can attach the base part of the new variable to a primary justas you can with the built-in directories:</P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre>foodir = $(datadir)/foofoo_DATA = foo.txt</pre></td></tr></table></P><P>Automake lets you attach such a variable to any primary, so you can dothings you ordinarily wouldn't want to do or be allowed to do.For instance, Automake won't diagnose this piece of code that tries toinstall a program in an architecture-independent location:</P><P><TABLE width=100%><tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td class=example bgcolor=#6688aa><br><pre>foodir = $(datadir)/foofoo_PROGRAMS = foo</pre></td></tr></table></P><P></TR></TABLE><BR>  <FONT SIZE="-1">This document was generatedby <I>Gary V. Vaughan</I> on <I>September, 12  2004</I>using <A HREF="http://www.mathematik.uni-kl.de/~obachman/Texi2html"><I>texi2html</I></A></BODY></HTML>
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