📄 6第六章：一些类似printw()的输出函数.htm
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mso-bidi-language:#0400;}</style><![endif]--></head><body lang=ZH-CN style='tab-interval:21.0pt;text-justify-trim:punctuation'><div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'><h2><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial'>第六章：一些类似</span><spanlang=EN-US>printw()</span><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial'>的输出函数</span><span lang=EN-US><br></span><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial'>（</span><spanlang=EN-US>About output functions like printw()</span><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial'>）</span></h2><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>我猜你已经再也无法忍受对</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>CURSES</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>这些粗泛的了解了。我们已经通过一些例子，对</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>CURSES</span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>系统及其函数有了基本的认识。从现在开始，要进入真正精彩<span class=msoIns><inscite="mailto:simon" datetime="2004-02-05T20:00">的</ins></span></span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><span class=msoIns><inscite="mailto:simon" datetime="2004-02-05T20:00">curses</ins></span></span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'><span class=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon"datetime="2004-02-05T20:00">世界</ins></span>了。</span><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>在</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>CURSES</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数中有三类关于打印字符到屏幕上的函数，它们是：</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:2.0gd'><b><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>addch()</span></b><b><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>类</span></b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数集：将单一的字符打印到屏幕上，可以加字符<span class=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon"datetime="2004-02-05T20:07">属性</ins></span>的函数集。</span><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:2.0gd'><b><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>printw()</span></b><b><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>类</span></b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数集：和</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>printf()</span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>一样的格式输出函数集。</span><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:2.0gd'><b><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>addstr()</span></b><b><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>类</span></b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数集：打印字符串的函数集。</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>这几类函数可以交替的使用。关键问题在于在什么情况下该使用哪一类函数。让我们看看这几类函数之间使用的区别。</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>6.1 addch()</span></b><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数集：（</span></b><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>addch() class of functions</span></b><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>）</span></b><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>addch()</span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数集用于在当前光标位置输入单个字符。并将光标移动到下一个位置。你可以使用这个函数打印一个字符。但在大多数情况下，这些函数可以顺便在输出时修饰这些字符。后面的章节我们会详细介绍<b>输出<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon" datetime="2004-02-05T20:07">属性</ins></span></b>。如果一个字符<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon" datetime="2004-02-05T20:02">使用了</ins></span>一种<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon" datetime="2004-02-05T20:07">属性</ins></span>（比如：粗体、高亮<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon" datetime="2004-02-05T20:01">反显</ins></span>……）当</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>CURSES</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>打印这个字符的时候会给字符加上相关的<span class=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon"datetime="2004-02-05T20:07">属性</ins></span>。</span><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>给字符关联<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon" datetime="2004-02-05T20:07">属性</ins></span>有两种方法：</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:42.0pt;text-indent:-42.0pt;mso-text-indent-alt:-21.0pt;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo3;mso-list-change:\F06E simon 20040205T2000;tab-stops:list 42.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings'><spanstyle='mso-list:Ignore'>n<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>用<b><spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon" datetime="2004-02-05T20:07">属性</ins></span>宏<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:simon" datetime="2004-02-05T20:09">（通过或运算）</ins></span></b>修饰单一字符。这些宏可以在头文件</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>ncurses.h</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>中找到。比如，你想使一个字符变量</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>ch</span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>在输出的时候使变量中相应的字符加粗（</span><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'>BOLD</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>）和加下划线（</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>UNDERLINE</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>），你可以使用下面这种方法：</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:52.5pt;mso-para-margin-left:5.0gd;⌨️ 快捷键说明
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