📄 7第七章：一些类似scanw()函数的输出函数.htm
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mso-list-type:hybrid; mso-list-template-ids:-460794832 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715;}@list l0:level1 {mso-level-tab-stop:42.0pt; mso-level-number-position:left; margin-left:42.0pt; text-indent:-21.0pt;}ol {margin-bottom:0cm;}ul {margin-bottom:0cm;}--></style><!--[if gte mso 10]><style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:普通表格; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;}</style><![endif]--></head><body lang=ZH-CN style='tab-interval:21.0pt;text-justify-trim:punctuation'><div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'><h2><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial'>第七章：<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan" datetime="2004-02-10T21:10">关于</ins></span>类似</span><spanlang=EN-US>scanw()</span><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial'>的<span class=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan"datetime="2004-02-10T21:10">输入</ins></span>函数</span><span lang=EN-US><br></span><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:normal'>（</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:normal'>About input functionslike scanw()</span><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:normal'>）</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:normal'><o:p></o:p></span></h2><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>如果在屏幕上只是打印而没有输入的话，那样的程序是索然无味的。所以让我们来看看那些处理用户输入的函数。这些函数也被分为三类函数：</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'>getch()</span></b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>类函数集：读取一个字符。</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'>scanw()</span></b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>类函数集：读取格式化输入。</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt'><b><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'>getstr()</span></b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>类函数集：读取字符串。</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><h3><span lang=EN-US>7.1. getch()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>函数集（</span><spanlang=EN-US>getch() class of functions</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）</span></h3><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>这些函数将从终端读入一个字符。但是在使用它的时候需要考虑有些微妙的情况：比如你没有<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan" datetime="2004-02-10T21:43">事先</ins></span>调用</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>cbreak()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数<span class=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan"datetime="2004-02-10T21:43">的话</ins></span>，</span><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'>CURSES</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>将不会<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan" datetime="2004-02-10T21:43">连续</ins></span>读取你输入的字符<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan" datetime="2004-02-10T21:44">，</ins></span>除非你输入<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan" datetime="2004-02-10T21:44">了</ins></span>换行符或者文末符。为了避免这种情况的出现，在需要<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan" datetime="2004-02-10T21:45">即</ins></span>时显示输入字符的程序中<spanclass=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan" datetime="2004-02-10T21:45">，必须先</ins></span>调用</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><span class=msoIns><inscite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan" datetime="2004-02-10T21:45">cbreak()</ins></span></span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'><span class=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan"datetime="2004-02-10T21:45">函数</ins></span>。另外一个被广泛使用的函数是</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>noecho()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>。这个函数被调用时，用户输入的字符不会<span class=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan"datetime="2004-02-10T21:45">将</ins></span>显示<span class=msoIns><inscite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan" datetime="2004-02-10T21:45">在</ins></span>屏幕上。</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>cbeak()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>和</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>noecho()</span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>是用于键盘管理程序的两个非常典型的例子。这类的函数将在<b>键盘管理</b>一节中说明。</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><h3><span lang=EN-US>7.2. scanw()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>函数集（</span><spanlang=EN-US>scanw() class of functions</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）</span></h3><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>这些函数大体上和</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>scanf()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数<span class=msoIns><ins cite="mailto:Simon%20Zhan"datetime="2004-02-10T21:46">相似</ins></span>。只不过加入了能够在屏幕的任意位置输入字符串的功能。</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:10.5pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd'><st1:chsdateIsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year="1899" w:st="on"><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>7.2.1</span></b></st1:chsdate><b><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>. scanw()</span></b><b><spanstyle='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数和</span></b><b><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>mvscanw()</span></b><b><spanstyle='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数（</span></b><b><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>scanw() and mvscanw()</span></b><b><spanstyle='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>）</span></b><b><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:10.5pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>scanw()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数的用法和</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>sscanf()</span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数的用法基本相同。实际上，在调用</span><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'>scanw()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数时，是调用了</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>wgetstr()</span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数，并将</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>wgetstr()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数处理的数据作为结果传送到一个</span><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>scanw()</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>调用中。（</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'>wgetstr()</span><spanstyle='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma'>函数将在下面详细介绍，写到这里是为了结构整齐。）</span><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:10.5pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-family:Tahoma'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:10.5pt;mso-para-margin-left:1.0gd'><st1:chsdateIsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year="1899" w:st="on"><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>7.2.2</span></b></st1:chsdate><b><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>. wscanw()</span></b><b><span⌨️ 快捷键说明
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