wnb.man

基于语义本体的单词查询系统

WordNet User Commands                                    WNB(1WN)



               file  information;  Synset  location  in  database
               file; Sense number.  Choices for each are:

                    Don't show (default)
                    Show with searches
                    Show with searches and overview

               When lexical file information is shown,  the  name
               of  the  lexicographer file is printed before each
               synset, enclosed in  angle  brackets  (<  ...  >).
               When  both  lexical  file  information  and synset
               location information  are  displayed,  the  synset
               location information appears first.  If within one
               lexicographer file more than one sense of  a  word
               is entered, an integer _l_e_x__i_d is appended onto all
               but one of the word's instances to uniquely  iden-
               tify  it.  In each synset, each word having a non-
               zero _l_e_x__i_d  is  printed  with  the  _l_e_x__i_d  value
               printed  immediately  following the word.  If both
               lexicographer information and  sense  numbers  are
               displayed,  _l_e_x__i_ds,  if  present,  precede  sense
               numbers.

               When synset location is shown, the byte offset  of
               the synset in the database "data" file correspond-
               ing to the syntactic category  of  the  synset  is
               printed  before  each  synset,  enclosed  in curly
               braces ({  ...  }).  When both lexical file infor-
               mation   and   synset   location  information  are
               displayed, the synset location information appears
               first.

               When sense numbers are shown, the sense number  of
               each  word  in  each synset is printed immediately
               after the word, and is preceded by a  number  sign
               (#).

          Set maximum history length
               Display a popup dialog in which the maximum number
               of  previous  searches  to  be kept on the History
               list can be set.

          Set font
               Display  a  popup  window  for  setting  the  font
               (typeface)  and  font  size to use for the Results
               Window.  Choices for typeface are:  Courier,  Hel-
               vetica,  and  Times  (default).   Font size can be
               small, medium (default), or large.

  Help
          Help on using the WordNet browser
               Display this manual page.



WordNet 2.0          Last change: July 2003                     6






WordNet User Commands                                    WNB(1WN)



          Help on WordNet terminology
               Display the wngloss(7WN) manual page.

          Display the WordNet license
               Display the WordNet copyright notice  and  license
               agreement.

          About the WordNet browser
               Information about this application.

SHORCUTS
     Clicking on any word in the  Results  Window  while  holding
     down  the  SHIFT  key  on the keyboard causes the browser to
     replace Search Word with the word and display  its  Overview
     and available searches.  Clicking on any word in the Results
     Window with the middle mouse button does the same thing.

     Pressing the CONTROL-S keys causes  the  browser  to  do  as
     above  on the text that is currently highlighted, even it if
     is in another  window.   This  method  works  on  hyphenated
     strings and collocations, as well as individual words.

     Pressing the CONTROL-G keys displays  the  Substring  Search
     Window.


SEARCH RESULTS
     The  results  of  a  search  of  the  WordNet  database  are
     displayed  in  the  Results Window.  Horizontal and vertical
     scroll bars are present for  scrolling  through  the  search
     results.

     All searches other than the Overview list all senses  match-
     ing  the  search  results  in  the following general format.
     Items enclosed in italicized square brackets  ([ ... ])  may
     not be present.

     If a search cannot be performed on some senses of _s_e_a_r_c_h_s_t_r,
     the search results are headed by a string of the form:
          X of Y senses of _s_e_a_r_c_h_s_t_r

          One line listing the  number  of  senses  matching  the
          search selected.

          Each sense matching the search  selected  displayed  as
          follows:

               Sense _n
               [{_s_y_n_s_e_t__o_f_f_s_e_t}] [<_l_e_x__f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e>]  _w_o_r_d_1[#_s_e_n_s_e__n_u_m_b_e_r][,  _w_o_r_d_2...]

          Where _n  is  the  sense  number  of  the  search  word,
          _s_y_n_s_e_t__o_f_f_s_e_t  is  the byte offset of the synset in the



WordNet 2.0          Last change: July 2003                     7






WordNet User Commands                                    WNB(1WN)



          data._p_o_s file corresponding to the syntactic  category,
          _l_e_x__f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e is the name of the lexicographer file that
          the synset comes from, _w_o_r_d_1 is the first word  in  the
          synset  (note  that  this is not necessarily the search
          word) and _s_e_n_s_e__n_u_m_b_e_r  is  the  WordNet  sense  number
          assigned   to   the   preceding  word.   _s_y_n_s_e_t__o_f_f_s_e_t,
          _l_e_x__f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e, and _s_e_n_s_e__n_u_m_b_e_r  are  generated  if  the
          appropriate Options are specified.

          The synsets matching the search  selected  are  printed
          below each sense's synset output described above.  Each
          line of output is preceded by a  marker  (usually  =>),
          then  a  synset,  formatted  as  described above.  If a
          search traverses more one level of the tree, then  suc-
          cessive  lines  are indented by spaces corresponding to
          its level in the hierarchy.  Glosses are  displayed  in
          parentheses  at the end of each synset if the appropri-
          ate Option is set.  Each synset is printed on one line.

          Senses are ordered from most to least frequently  used,
          with  the  most  common sense numbered 1.  Frequency of
          use is determined by the number of  times  a  sense  is
          tagged  in  the  various  semantic  concordance  texts.
          Senses that are  not  semantically  tagged  follow  the
          ordered  senses.  Note  that  this  ordering is only an
          estimate based on usage in a small corpus.

          Verb senses can be grouped by  similarity  of  meaning,
          rather  than  ordered  by  frequency  of use.  When the
          "Synonyms, grouped by similarity of meaning" search  is
          selected,  senses that are close in meaning are printed
          together, with a line of dashes indicating the end of a
          group.   See  wngroups(7WN) for a discussion how senses
          are grouped.

          The output of the "Derivationally Related Forms" search
          shows  word  forms  that are morphologically related to
          searchstr. Each word form pointed to from _s_e_a_r_c_h_s_t_r  is
          displayed,  preceded  by RELATED TO-> and the syntactic
          category of the link, followed, on the  next  line,  by
          its  synset.  Printed after the word form is #_n where _n
          indicates the WordNet sense number of the term  pointed
          to.

          The "Domain"  and  "Domain  Terms"  searches  show  the
          domain  that  a synset has been classified in and, con-
          versely, all of the terms that have been assigned to  a
          specific domain.  A domain is either a CATEGORY, REGION
          _o_r USAGE, _a_s _r_e_f_l_e_c_t_e_d _i_n _t_h_e _s_p_e_c_i_f_i_c _p_o_i_n_t_e_r  _c_h_a_r_a_c_-
          _t_e_r  _s_t_o_r_e_d  _i_n _t_h_e _d_a_t_a_b_a_s_e, _a_n_d _d_i_s_p_l_a_y_e_d _i_n _t_h_e _o_u_t_-
          _p_u_t.  _A -domn _s_e_a_r_c_h _o_n _a _t_e_r_m  _s_h_o_w_s  _t_h_e  _d_o_m_a_i_n,  _i_f
          _a_n_y,  _t_h_a_t  _e_a_c_h  _s_y_n_s_e_t  _c_o_n_t_a_i_n_i_n_g _s_e_a_r_c_h_s_t_r _h_a_s _b_e_e_n



WordNet 2.0          Last change: July 2003                     8






WordNet User Commands                                    WNB(1WN)



          _c_l_a_s_s_i_f_i_e_d _i_n.  _T_h_e _o_u_t_p_u_t  _d_i_s_p_l_a_y  _s_h_o_w_s  _t_h_e  _d_o_m_a_i_n
          _t_y_p_e  (CATEGORY, REGION _o_r USAGE), _f_o_l_l_o_w_e_d _b_y _t_h_e _s_y_n_-
          _t_a_c_t_i_c _c_a_t_e_g_o_r_y _o_f _t_h_e _d_o_m_a_i_n _s_y_n_s_e_t _a_n_d _t_h_e  _t_e_r_m_s  _i_n
          _t_h_e  _s_y_n_s_e_t.  _E_a_c_h _t_e_r_m _i_s _f_o_l_l_o_w_e_d _b_y #_n _w_h_e_r_e _n _i_n_d_i_-
          _c_a_t_e_s _t_h_e _W_o_r_d_N_e_t _s_e_n_s_e _n_u_m_b_e_r _o_f _t_h_e _t_e_r_m.   _T_h_e  _c_o_n_-
          _v_e_r_s_e _s_e_a_r_c_h, -domt, _s_h_o_w_s _a_l_l _o_f _t_h_e _s_y_n_s_e_t_s _t_h_a_t _h_a_v_e
          _b_e_e_n _p_l_a_c_e_d _i_n_t_o _t_h_e _d_o_m_a_i_n _s_e_a_r_c_h_s_t_r,  _w_i_t_h  _a_n_a_l_o_g_o_u_s
          _m_a_r_k_e_r_s.

          _W_h_e_n _t_h_e "Sentence Frames" _s_e_a_r_c_h _i_s _s_p_e_c_i_f_i_e_d,  _s_a_m_p_l_e
          _i_l_l_u_s_t_r_a_t_i_v_e  _s_e_n_t_e_n_c_e_s _a_n_d _g_e_n_e_r_i_c _s_e_n_t_e_n_c_e _f_r_a_m_e_s _a_r_e
          _d_i_s_p_l_a_y_e_d.  _I_f _a _s_a_m_p_l_e _s_e_n_t_e_n_c_e  _i_s  _f_o_u_n_d,  _t_h_e  _b_a_s_e
          _f_o_r_m  _o_f  _t_h_e  _s_e_a_r_c_h _w_o_r_d _i_s _s_u_b_s_t_i_t_u_t_e_d _i_n_t_o _t_h_e _s_e_n_-
          _t_e_n_c_e, _a_n_d _i_t _i_s _p_r_i_n_t_e_d  _b_e_l_o_w  _t_h_e  _s_y_n_s_e_t,  _p_r_e_c_e_d_e_d
          _w_i_t_h  _t_h_e  EX:  _m_a_r_k_e_r.   _W_h_e_n  _n_o _s_a_m_p_l_e _s_e_n_t_e_n_c_e_s _a_r_e
          _f_o_u_n_d, _t_h_e _g_e_n_e_r_i_c _s_e_n_t_e_n_c_e _f_r_a_m_e_s _a_r_e _d_i_s_p_l_a_y_e_d.  _S_e_n_-
          _t_e_n_c_e  _f_r_a_m_e_s  _t_h_a_t  _a_r_e  _a_c_c_e_p_t_a_b_l_e _f_o_r _a_l_l _w_o_r_d_s _i_n _a
          _s_y_n_s_e_t _a_r_e _p_r_e_c_e_d_e_d _b_y _t_h_e _m_a_r_k_e_r *>.  _I_f  _a  _f_r_a_m_e  _i_s
          _a_c_c_e_p_t_a_b_l_e  _f_o_r _t_h_e _s_e_a_r_c_h _w_o_r_d _o_n_l_y, _i_t _i_s _p_r_e_c_e_d_e_d _b_y
          _t_h_e _m_a_r_k_e_r =>.

          _S_e_a_r_c_h _r_e_s_u_l_t_s _f_o_r _a_d_j_e_c_t_i_v_e_s  _a_r_e  _s_l_i_g_h_t_l_y  _d_i_f_f_e_r_e_n_t
          _f_r_o_m  _t_h_o_s_e  _f_o_r _o_t_h_e_r _p_a_r_t_s _o_f _s_p_e_e_c_h.  _W_h_e_n _a_n _a_d_j_e_c_-
          _t_i_v_e _i_s _p_r_i_n_t_e_d, _i_t_s _d_i_r_e_c_t _a_n_t_o_n_y_m, _i_f _i_t _h_a_s _o_n_e,  _i_s
          _a_l_s_o  _p_r_i_n_t_e_d  _i_n _p_a_r_e_n_t_h_e_s_e_s.  _W_h_e_n _t_h_e _s_e_a_r_c_h _w_o_r_d _i_s
          _i_n _a _h_e_a_d _s_y_n_s_e_t, _a_l_l _o_f _t_h_e _h_e_a_d  _s_y_n_s_e_t'_s  _s_a_t_e_l_l_i_t_e_s
          _a_r_e  _a_l_s_o  _d_i_s_p_l_a_y_e_d.   _T_h_e _p_o_s_i_t_i_o_n _o_f _a_n _a_d_j_e_c_t_i_v_e _i_n
          _r_e_l_a_t_i_o_n _t_o _t_h_e _n_o_u_n _m_a_y _b_e _r_e_s_t_r_i_c_t_e_d _t_o _t_h_e  _p_r_e_n_o_m_i_-
          _n_a_l,   _p_o_s_t_n_o_m_i_n_a_l   _o_r  _p_r_e_d_i_c_a_t_i_v_e  _p_o_s_i_t_i_o_n.   _W_h_e_r_e
          _p_r_e_s_e_n_t, _t_h_e_s_e _r_e_s_t_r_i_c_t_i_o_n_s _a_r_e _n_o_t_e_d _i_n _p_a_r_e_n_t_h_e_s_e_s.

          _W_h_e_n _a_n _a_d_j_e_c_t_i_v_e _i_s _a _p_a_r_t_i_c_i_p_l_e _o_f _a _v_e_r_b, _t_h_e _o_u_t_p_u_t
          _i_n_d_i_c_a_t_e_s _t_h_e _v_e_r_b _a_n_d _d_i_s_p_l_a_y_s _i_t_s _s_y_n_s_e_t.

          _W_h_e_n _a_n  _a_d_v_e_r_b  _i_s  _d_e_r_i_v_e_d  _f_r_o_m  _a_n  _a_d_j_e_c_t_i_v_e,  _t_h_e
          _s_p_e_c_i_f_i_c _a_d_j_e_c_t_i_v_a_l _s_e_n_s_e _o_n _w_h_i_c_h _i_t _i_s _b_a_s_e_d _i_s _i_n_d_i_-
          _c_a_t_e_d.

          _T_h_e  _m_o_r_p_h_o_l_o_g_i_c_a_l  _t_r_a_n_s_f_o_r_m_a_t_i_o_n_s  _p_e_r_f_o_r_m_e_d  _b_y  _t_h_e
          _s_e_a_r_c_h  _c_o_d_e _m_a_y _r_e_s_u_l_t _i_n _m_o_r_e _t_h_a_n _o_n_e _w_o_r_d _t_o _s_e_a_r_c_h
          _f_o_r.  wnb() _a_u_t_o_m_a_t_i_c_a_l_l_y _p_e_r_f_o_r_m_s _t_h_e _r_e_q_u_e_s_t_e_d _s_e_a_r_c_h
          _o_n  _a_l_l  _o_f _t_h_e _s_t_r_i_n_g_s _a_n_d _r_e_t_u_r_n_s _t_h_e _r_e_s_u_l_t_s _g_r_o_u_p_e_d
          _b_y _w_o_r_d.  _F_o_r _e_x_a_m_p_l_e, _t_h_e _v_e_r_b saw _i_s _b_o_t_h _t_h_e _p_r_e_s_e_n_t
          _t_e_n_s_e  _o_f saw _a_n_d _t_h_e _p_a_s_t _t_e_n_s_e _o_f see.  _W_h_e_n _t_h_e_r_e _i_s
          _m_o_r_e _t_h_a_n _o_n_e _w_o_r_d _t_o _s_e_a_r_c_h _f_o_r,  _s_e_a_r_c_h  _r_e_s_u_l_t_s  _a_r_e
          _g_r_o_u_p_e_d _b_y _w_o_r_d.

DIAGNOSTICS
     If the WordNet database files cannot be opened,  error  mes-
     sages  are  displayed.  This is usually corrected by setting
     the environment variables  described  below  to  the  proper
     location of the WordNet database for your installation.



WordNet 2.0          Last change: July 2003                     9






WordNet User Commands                                    WNB(1WN)



ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
     WNHOME              Base  directory   for   WordNet.    Unix
                         default  is /usr/local/WordNet-2.0, Win-
                         dows             default              is
                         C:\Program Files\WordNet\2.0.

     WNSEARCHDIR         Directory in which the WordNet  database
                         has  been  installed.   Unix  default is
                         WNHOME/dict,    Windows    default    is
                         WNHOME\dict.

FILES
     All files are in the directory WNSEARCHDIR.

     index._p_o_s           database index files (Unix)

     _p_o_s.idx             database index files (Windows)

     data._p_o_s            database data files (Unix)

     _p_o_s.dat             database data files (Windows)

     *.vrb               files of sentences illustrating the  use
                         of verbs

     _p_o_s.exc             morphology exception lists

SEE ALSO
     wnintro(1WN),    wn(1WN),    wnintro(3WN),    lexnames(5WN),
     senseidx(5WN),    wndb(5WN),    wninput(5WN),   morphy(7WN),
     wngloss(7WN), wngroups(7WN).

BUGS
     Please reports bugs to [e-mail].





















WordNet 2.0          Last change: July 2003                    10