rfc1711.txt

来自「RFC 的详细文档！」· 文本 代码 · 共 1,068 行 · 第 1/4 页

   dynamic stack routing. No distributed domains. Shared MTAs possible,
   but rare. Routing control not normally used. No bulk routing
   possible. Source routing (poor man's routing) still widely used by
   means of 'bang' addressing, but strongly discouraged. Open (and
   hierarchical) routing community.

10.3. EARN

   BITNET mail. An operational service. Co-ordination: The EARN Office,
   France. Static routing. Table based routing rules, although an X.500
   based experiment is running. Mostly direct routing, although indirect
   is also possible. No dynamic stack routing. No distributed domains.
   No shared MTAs. Routing control not normally used. Bulk routing
   possible using the 'distribute protocol' [4]. Source routing not
   supported. No poor man's routing. Open routing community.

10.4. GO-MHS

   X.400 mail. An operational service. Co-ordination: GO-MHS Project
   Team, Switzerland. Mostly static routing, although dynamic routing is
   getting more and more deployed since the introduction of RFC 1465
   [2]. Table based community-wide routing rules. Indirect routing.

   Dynamic stack routing. Distributed domains possible. Shared MTAs.
   Routing control not normally used, only to avoid routing control
   problems when routing international traffic to ADMDs. Bulk routing
   using X.400 'responsibility' envelope flags. Source routing supported
   for gatewaying to the Internet. No poor man's routing. Hierarchical,
   but open, routing community.

10.5. ADMD infrastructure

   X.400 mail. An operational service. Co-ordination: The joint
   Administrative Management Domains (ADMDs), typically operated by
   PTTs. Mostly static routing. Indirect routing. Table based bilateral
   routing rules. No dynamic stack routing. Distributed domains not
   supported. Shared MTAs. Routing control used to prohibit routing of



Houttuin                                                       [Page 15]

RFC 1711           Classifications in E-mail Routing        October 1994


   international traffic through PRMDs and to limit access to certain
   gateways. Bulk routing using X.400 'responsibility' envelope flags.
   Source routing possible for gatewaying to the Internet. No poor man's
   routing. Closed hierarchical routing community.

10.6. Long Bud

   X.400 mail. A pilot project. Co-ordination: The IETF MHS-DS working
   group. Dynamic routing. X.500 based routing rules. Mostly indirect
   routing, although direct is also possible. Dynamic stack routing.
   Distributed domains. Shared MTAs. No routing control. Bulk routing
   using X.400 'responsibility' envelope flags. Source routing supported
   for gatewaying to the Internet. No poor man's routing. Open
   hierarchical routing community.

10.7. X42D

   X.400 mail. An experiment. Co-ordination: INFN, Italy. Dynamic
   routing. DNS based routing rules as defined in [9]. Mostly indirect
   routing, although direct is also possible. Dynamic stack routing. No
   distributed domains. Shared MTAs. No routing control. Bulk routing
   using X.400 'responsibility' envelope flags. Source routing supported
   for gatewaying to the Internet. No poor man's routing. Open
   hierarchical routing community.

11.   Conclusion

   We have seen several dimensions in which mail routing can be
   classified. There are many more issues that were not discussed here,
   such as how exactly the routing databases are implemented, which
   algorithms to use for making the actual choices in dynamic routing,
   etc. A follow-up paper is planned to discuss such aspects in more
   detail.

   So far, the author has tried to keep this paper free of opinion, but
   he would like to conclude by listing his own favourite routing
   options (without any further explanation or justification; please
   feel free to disagree):

       Static/dynamic:        Dynamic
       Direct/indirect:       Every routing community has its own
                              optimum level of indirection
       User routing:          Support
       Routing control:       Avoid
       Bulk routing:          Efficient distribution should be
                              transparent at mail level, but we
                              may need better e-mail models
                              before this becomes possible



Houttuin                                                       [Page 16]

RFC 1711           Classifications in E-mail Routing        October 1994


       Source routing:        Avoid where possible
       Poor man's routing:    Avoid

12.   Abbreviations

    ADMD              Administration Management Domain
    CCITT             Comite Consultatif International de
                       Telegraphique et Telephonique
    CONS              Connection Oriented Network Service
    DDA               Domain Defined Attribute
    DNS               Domain Name System
    GO-MHS            Global Open MHS
    IP                Internet Protocol
    ISO               International Organisation for Standardisation
    Long Bud          Not an abbreviation
    MHS               Message Handling System
    MHS-DS            MHS and Directory Services
    MTA               Message Transfer Agent
    MTS               Message Transfer System
    MX                Mail eXchanger
    O/R address       Originator/Recipient address
    PP                Not an abbreviation
    PRMD              Private Management Domain
    RARE              Reseaux Associes pour la Recherche Europeenne
    RFC               Internet Request for Comments
    RTR               RARE Technical Report
    SMTP              Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
    STD               Internet Standard RFC
    TCP               Transfer Control Protocol
    TP0               Transport Protocol Class 0
    UA                User Agent
    UUCP              UNIX to UNIX CoPy
    WEP               Well-known Entry Point

13.   References

      [1]         Houttuin, J., "C-BoMBS : A Classification of Breeds
                  Of Mail Based Servers", RARE WG-MSG Work in Progress,
                  April 1994.

      [2]         Eppenberger, E., "Routing Coordination for X.400 MHS
                  Services Within a Multi Protocol / Multi Network
                  Environment Table Format V3 for Static Routing",
                  RFC 1465, SWITCH, May 1993.

      [3]         Kille, S., "MHS use of the Directory to support MHS
                  routing", Work in Progress, July 1993.




Houttuin                                                       [Page 17]

RFC 1711           Classifications in E-mail Routing        October 1994


      [4]         Thomas, E., "Listserv Distribute Protocol",
                  RFC 1429, Swedish University Network, February 1993.

      [5]         Kille, S., "Mapping between X.400(1988) / ISO 10021
                  and RFC 822", RFC 1327, RARE RTR 2, University
                  College London, May 1992.

      [6]         Braden, R., Editor, "Requirements for Internet Hosts
                  - Application and Support", STD 3, RFC 1123, USC/
                  Information Sciences Institute,  October 1989.

      [7]         Partridge, C., "Mail Routing and the Domain System",
                  STD 14, RFC 974, BBN, January 1986.

      [8]         Hansen, A. and R. Hagens, "Operational Requirements
                  for X.400 Management Domains in the GO-MHS
                  Community", Work in Progress, March 1993.

      [9]         Allocchio, C., Bonito, A., Cole, B., Giordano, S.,
                  and R. Hagens "Using the Internet DNS to Distribute
                  RFC1327 Mail Address Mapping Tables", RFC 1664,
                  GARR-Italy, Cisco Systems Inc, Centro Svizzero
                  Calcolo Scientific, Advanced Network & Services,
                  February 1993.

      [10]        Houttuin, J., "A Tutorial on Gatewaying between X.400
                  and Internet Mail", RFC 1506, RTR 6, RARE Secretariat,
                  August 1993.

      [11]        Postel, J., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", STD 10,
                  RFC 821, USC/Information Sciences Institute, August
                  1982.

      [12]        Crocker, D., "Standard for the Format of ARPA
                  Internet Text Messages", STD 11, RFC 822, UDEL,
                  August 1982.

      [13]        Alvestrand, H.T., et al, "Introducing Project Long
                  Bud Internet Pilot Project for the Deployment of
                  X.500 Directory Information in Support of X.400
                  Routing", Work in Progress, June 1993.

      [14]        Kille, S., "A Simple Profile for MHS use of
                  Directory", Work in Progress, July 1993.

      [15]        Kille, S., "MHS use of the Directory to Support
                  Distribution Lists", Work in Progress, November 1992.




Houttuin                                                       [Page 18]

RFC 1711           Classifications in E-mail Routing        October 1994


      [16]        Eppenberger, U., "X.500 directory service usage for
                  X.400 e-mail", Computer Networks for Research in
                  Europe No.1: Computer Networks and ISDN Systems 25,
                  Suppl.1 (1993) S3-8, September 1993.

      [17]        CCITT Recommendations X.400 - X.430. Data
                  Communication Networks: Message Handling Systems.
                  CCITT Red Book, Vol. VIII - Fasc. VIII.7, Malaga-
                  Torremolinos 1984.

      [18]        CCITT Recommendations X.400 - X.420. Data
                  Communication Networks: Message Handling Systems.
                  CCITT Blue Book, Vol. VIII - Fasc. VIII.7, Melbourne
                  1988.

14.   Security Considerations

   Security issues are discussed in section 3.1.

15.   Author's Address

   Jeroen Houttuin
   RARE Secretariat
   Singel 466-468
   NL-1017 AW Amsterdam
   The Netherlands

   Phone: [phone]
   Fax:  [phone]
   EMail: [e-mail]





















Houttuin                                                       [Page 19]