rfc901.txt
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Network Working Group J. Reynolds
Request for Comments: 901 J. Postel
ISI
Obsoletes: RFCs 880, 840 June 1984
OFFICIAL ARPA-INTERNET PROTOCOLS
Status of this Memo
This memo is an official status report on the protocols used in the
ARPA-Internet community.
Introduction
This RFC identifies the documents specifying the official protocols
used in the Internet. Annotations identify any revisions or changes
planned.
To first order, the official protocols are those in the "Internet
Protocol Transition Workbook" (IPTW) dated March 1982. There are
several protocols in use that are not in the IPTW. A few of the
protocols in the IPTW have been revised. Notably, the mail protocols
have been revised and issued as a volume titled "Internet Mail
Protocols" dated November 1982. Telnet and the most useful option
protocols were issued by the NIC in a booklet entitled "Internet
Telnet Protocol and Options" (ITP), dated June 1983. Some protocols
have not been revised for many years, these are found in the old
"ARPANET Protocol Handbook" (APH) dated January 1978. There is also
a volume of protocol related information called the "Internet
Protocol Implementers Guide" (IPIG) dated August 1982.
This document is organized as a sketchy outline. The entries are
protocols (e.g., Transmission Control Protocol). In each entry there
are notes on status, specification, comments, other references,
dependencies, and contact.
The status is one of: required, recommended, elective, or
experimental.
The specification identifies the protocol defining documents.
The comments describe any differences from the specification or
problems with the protocol.
The other references identify documents that comment on or expand
on the protocol.
The dependencies indicate what other protocols are called upon by
this protocol.
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Official ARPA-Internet Protocols RFC 901
The contact indicates a person who can answer questions about the
protocol.
In particular, the status may be:
required
- all hosts must implement the required protocol,
recommended
- all hosts are encouraged to implement the recommended
protocol,
elective
- hosts may implement or not the elective protocol,
experimental
- hosts should not implement the experimental protocol
unless they are participating in the experiment and have
coordinated their use of this protocol with the contact
person, and
none
- this is not a protocol.
For further information about protocols in general, please
contact:
Joyce Reynolds
USC - Information Sciences Institute
4676 Admiralty Way
Marina del Rey, California 90292-6695
Phone: (213) 822-1511
ARPA mail: JKREYNOLDS@USC-ISIF.ARPA
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Official ARPA-Internet Protocols RFC 901
Overview
Catenet Model ------------------------------------------------------
STATUS: None
SPECIFICATION: IEN 48 (in IPTW)
COMMENTS:
Gives an overview of the organization and principles of the
Internet.
Could be revised and expanded.
OTHER REFERENCES:
RFC 871 - A Perspective on the ARPANET Reference Model
DEPENDENCIES:
CONTACT: Postel@USC-ISIF.ARPA
Network Level
Internet Protocol (IP) ---------------------------------------------
STATUS: Required
SPECIFICATION: RFC 791 (in IPTW)
COMMENTS:
This is the universal protocol of the Internet. This datagram
protocol provides the universal addressing of hosts in the
Internet.
A few minor problems have been noted in this document.
The most serious is a bit of confusion in the route options.
The route options have a pointer that indicates which octet of
the route is the next to be used. The confusion is between the
phrases "the pointer is relative to this option" and "the
smallest legal value for the pointer is 4". If you are
confused, forget about the relative part, the pointer begins
at 4.
Another important point is the alternate reassembly procedure
suggested in RFC 815.
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Official ARPA-Internet Protocols RFC 901
Note that ICMP is defined to be an integral part of IP. You
have not completed an implementation of IP if it does not
include ICMP.
OTHER REFERENCES:
RFC 815 (in IPIG) - IP Datagram Reassembly Algorithms
RFC 814 (in IPIG) - Names, Addresses, Ports, and Routes
RFC 816 (in IPIG) - Fault Isolation and Recovery
RFC 817 (in IPIG) - Modularity and Efficiency in Protocol
Implementation
MIL-STD-1777 - Military Standard Internet Protocol
DEPENDENCIES:
CONTACT: Postel@USC-ISIF.ARPA
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ---------------------------
STATUS: Required
SPECIFICATION: RFC 792 (in IPTW)
COMMENTS:
The control messages and error reports that go with the
Internet Protocol.
A few minor errors in the document have been noted.
Suggestions have been made for additional types of redirect
message and additional destination unreachable messages.
Note that ICMP is defined to be an integral part of IP. You
have not completed an implementation of IP if it does not
include ICMP.
OTHER REFERENCES:
DEPENDENCIES: Internet Protocol
CONTACT: Postel@USC-ISIF.ARPA
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Official ARPA-Internet Protocols RFC 901
Host Level
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) ---------------------------------------
STATUS: Recommended
SPECIFICATION: RFC 768 (in IPTW)
COMMENTS:
Provides a datagram service to applications. Adds port
addressing to the IP services.
The only change noted for the UDP specification is a minor
clarification that if in computing the checksum a padding octet
is used for the computation it is not transmitted or counted in
the length.
OTHER REFERENCES:
DEPENDENCIES: Internet Protocol
CONTACT: Postel@USC-ISIF.ARPA
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) --------------------------------
STATUS: Recommended
SPECIFICATION: RFC 793 (in IPTW)
COMMENTS:
Provides reliable end-to-end data stream service.
Many comments and corrections have been received for the TCP
specification document. These are primarily document bugs
rather than protocol bugs.
Event Processing Section: There are many minor corrections and
clarifications needed in this section.
Push: There are still some phrases in the document that give a
"record mark" flavor to the push. These should be further
clarified. The push is not a record mark.
Listening Servers: Several comments have been received on
difficulties with contacting listening servers. There should
be some discussion of implementation issues for servers, and
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Official ARPA-Internet Protocols RFC 901
some notes on alternative models of system and process
organization for servers.
Maximum Segment Size: The maximum segment size option should
be generalized and clarified. It can be used to either
increase or decrease the maximum segment size from the default.
The TCP Maximum Segment Size is the IP Maximum Datagram Size
minus forty. The default IP Maximum Datagram Size if 576. The
default TCP Maximum Segement Size is 536. For further
discussion, see RFC 879.
Idle Connections: There have been questions about
automatically closing idle connections. Idle connections are
ok, and should not be closed. There are several cases where
idle connections arise, for example, in Telnet when a user is
thinking for a long time following a message from the server
computer before his next input. There is no TCP "probe"
mechanism, and none is needed.
Queued Receive Data on Closing: There are several points where
it is not clear from the description what to do about data
received by the TCP but not yet passed to the user,
particularly when the connection is being closed. In general,
the data is to be kept to give to the user if he does a RECV
call.
Out of Order Segments: The description says that segments that
arrive out of order, that is, are not exactly the next segment
to be processed, may be kept on hand. It should also point out
that there is a very large performance penalty for not doing
so.
User Time Out: This is the time out started on an open or send
call. If this user time out occurs the user should be
notified, but the connection should not be closed or the TCB
deleted. The user should explicitly ABORT the connection if he
wants to give up.
OTHER REFERENCES:
RFC 813 (in IPIG) - Window and Acknowledgement Strategy in TCP
RFC 814 (in IPIG) - Names, Addresses, Ports, and Routes
RFC 816 (in IPIG) - Fault Isolation and Recovery
RFC 817 (in IPIG) - Modularity and Efficiency in Protocol
Implementation
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Official ARPA-Internet Protocols RFC 901
RFC 879 - TCP Maximum Segment Size
RFC 889 - Internet Delay Experiments
RFC 896 - TCP/IP Congestion Control
MIL-STD-1778 - Military Standard Transmission Control Protocol
DEPENDENCIES: Internet Protocol
CONTACT: Postel@USC-ISIF.ARPA
Host Monitoring Protocol (HMP) -------------------------------------
STATUS: Elective
SPECIFICATION: RFC 869
COMMENTS:
This is a good tool for debugging protocol implementations in
remotely located computers.
This protocol is used to monitor Internet gateways and the
TACs.
OTHER REFERENCES:
DEPENDENCIES: Internet Protocol
CONTACT: Hinden@BBN-UNIX.ARPA
Cross Net Debugger (XNET) ------------------------------------------
STATUS: Elective
SPECIFICATION: IEN 158
COMMENTS:
A debugging protocol, allows debugger like access to remote
systems.
This specification should be updated and reissued as an RFC.
OTHER REFERENCES:
RFC 643
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Official ARPA-Internet Protocols RFC 901
DEPENDENCIES: Internet Protocol
CONTACT: Postel@USC-ISIF.ARPA
"Stub" Exterior Gateway Protocol -----------------------------------
STATUS: Recommended for Gateways
SPECIFICATION: RFC 888
COMMENTS:
The gateway protocol now under development.
Please discuss any plans for implementation or use of this
protocol with the contact.
OTHER REFERENCES: RFC 827, RFC 890
DEPENDENCIES: Internet Protocol
CONTACT: Mills@USC-ISID.ARPA
Gateway Gateway Protocol (GGP) -------------------------------------
STATUS: Experimental
SPECIFICATION: RFC 823
COMMENTS:
The gateway protocol now used in the core gateways.
Please discuss any plans for implementation or use of this
protocol with the contact.
OTHER REFERENCES:
DEPENDENCIES: Internet Protocol
CONTACT: Brescia@BBN-UNIX.ARPA
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Official ARPA-Internet Protocols RFC 901
Multiplexing Protocol (MUX) ----------------------------------------
STATUS: Experimental
SPECIFICATION: IEN 90
COMMENTS:
Defines a capability to combine several segments from different
higher level protocols in one IP datagram.
No current experiment in progress. There is some question as
to the extent to which the sharing this protocol envisions can
actually take place. Also, there are some issues about the
information captured in the multiplexing header being (a)
insufficient, or (b) over specific.
Please discuss any plans for implementation or use of this
protocol with the contact.
OTHER REFERENCES:
DEPENDENCIES: Internet Protocol
CONTACT: Postel@USC-ISIF.ARPA
Stream Protocol (ST) -----------------------------------------------
STATUS: Experimental
SPECIFICATION: IEN 119
COMMENTS:
A gateway resource allocation protocol designed for use in
multihost real time applications.
The implementation of this protocol has evolved and may no
longer be consistent with this specification. The document
should be updated and issued as an RFC.
Please discuss any plans for implementation or use of this
protocol with the contact.
OTHER REFERENCES:
DEPENDENCIES: Internet Protocol
CONTACT: jwf@LL-EN.ARPA
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Official ARPA-Internet Protocols RFC 901
Network Voice Protocol (NVP-II) ------------------------------------
STATUS: Experimental
SPECIFICATION: RFC xxx
COMMENTS:
Defines the procedures for real time voice conferencing.
The specification is an ISI Internal Memo which should be
updated and issued as an RFC.
Please discuss any plans for implementation or use of this
protocol with the contact.
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