rfc1060.txt

来自「RFC 的详细文档！」· 文本 代码 · 共 1,720 行 · 第 1/5 页

      224.0.1.4  VNP                                              [DRC3]
      244.0.1.5-244.0.1.255  Unassigned                            [JBP]
      224.0.2.1  "rwho" Group (BSD) (unofficial)                   [JBP]
      232.x.x.x  VMTP transient groups                         [17,DRC3]

      Note that when used on an Ethernet or IEEE 802 network, the 23
      low-order bits of the IP Multicast address are placed in the low-
      order 23 bits of the Ethernet or IEEE 802 net multicast address
      1.0.94.0.0.0.  See the next section on "IANA ETHERNET ADDRESS
      BLOCK".























Reynolds & Postel                                              [Page 19]

RFC 1060                    Assigned Numbers                  March 1990


                         IANA ETHERNET ADDRESS BLOCK

   The IANA owns an Ethernet address block which may be used for
   multicast address asignments or other special purposes.

   The address block in IEEE binary is (which is in bit transmission
   order):

                       0000 0000 0000 0000 0111 1010

   In the normal Internet dotted decimal notation this is 0.0.94 since
   the bytes are transmitted higher order first and bits within bytes
   are transmitted lower order first (see "Data Notation" in the
   Introduction).

   IEEE CSMA/CD and Token Bus bit transmission order: 00 00 5E

   IEEE Token Ring bit transmission order: 00 00 7A

   Appearance on the wire (bits transmitted from left to right):

       0                           23                            47
       |                           |                             |
       1000 0000 0000 0000 0111 1010 xxxx xxx0 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
       |                                     |
       Multicast Bit                         0 = Internet Multicast
                                             1 = Assigned by IANA for
                                                 other uses

   Appearance in memory (bits transmitted right-to-left within octets,
   octets transmitted left-to-right):

       0                           23                            47
       |                           |                             |
       0000 0001 0000 0000 0101 1110 0xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
               |                     |
               Multicast Bit         0 = Internet Multicast
                                     1 = Assigned by IANA for other uses

   The latter representation corresponds to the Internet standard bit-
   order, and is the format that most programmers have to deal with.
   Using this representation, the range of Internet Multicast addresses
   is:

          01-00-5E-00-00-00  to  01-00-5E-7F-FF-FF  in hex, or

          1.0.94.0.0.0  to  1.0.94.127.255.255  in dotted decimal




Reynolds & Postel                                              [Page 20]

RFC 1060                    Assigned Numbers                  March 1990


                             IP TOS PARAMETERS

   This documents the default Type-of-Service values that are currently
   recommended for the most important Internet protocols.

   There are three binary TOS attributes: low delay, high throughput,
   and high reliability; in each case, an attribute bit is turned on to
   indicate "better".  The three attributes cannot all be optimized
   simultanously, and in fact the TOS algorithms that have been
   discussed tend to make "better" values of the attributes mutually
   exclusive.  Therefore, the recommended values have at most one bit
   on.

   Generally, protocols which are involved in direct interaction with a
   human should select low delay, while data transfers which may involve
   large blocks of data are need high throughput.  Finally, high
   reliability is most important for datagram-based Internet management
   functions.

   Application protocols not included in these tables should be able to
   make appropriate choice of low delay (1 0 0) or high throughput (0 1
   0).

   The following are recommended values for TOS:

                  ----- Type-of-Service Value -----

                    Low        High         High
      Protocol     Delay    Throughput  Reliability

      TELNET (1)    1           0           0

      FTP
        Control     1           0           0
        Data (2)    0           1           0

      TFTP          1           0           0

      SMTP  (3)
        Cmd phase   1           0           0
        DATA phase  0           1           0

      Domain Name Service
        UDP Query   1           0           0
        TCP Query   0           0           0
        Zone Tnsfr  0           1           0

      NNTP          0           0           0



Reynolds & Postel                                              [Page 21]

RFC 1060                    Assigned Numbers                  March 1990


      ICMP
        Errors      0           0           0
        Queries     0           0           0

      Any IGP       0           0           1

      EGP           0           0           0

      SNMP          0           0           1

      BOOTP         0           0           0

      Notes:

      (1)  Includes all interactive user protocols (e.g., rlogin).

      (2)  Includes all bulk data transfer protocols (e.g., rcp).

      (3)  If the implementation does not support changing the TOS
           during the lifetime of the connection, then the recommended
           TOS on opening the connection is (0,0,0).






























Reynolds & Postel                                              [Page 22]

RFC 1060                    Assigned Numbers                  March 1990


                         IP TIME TO LIVE PARAMETER

   The current recommended default TTL for the Internet Protocol (IP)
   RFC-791 [45,105] is 32.















































Reynolds & Postel                                              [Page 23]

RFC 1060                    Assigned Numbers                  March 1990


                         DOMAIN SYSTEM PARAMETERS

   The Internet Domain Naming System (DOMAIN) includes several
   parameters.  These are documented in RFC-1034, [81] and RFC-1035
   [82].  The CLASS parameter is listed here.  The per CLASS parameters
   are defined in separate RFCs as indicated.

   Domain System Parameters:

      Decimal   Name                                          References
      -------   ----                                          ----------
            0   Reserved                                           [PM1]
            1   Internet (IN)                                   [81,PM1]
            2   Unassigned                                         [PM1]
            3   Chaos (CH)                                         [PM1]
            4   Hessoid (HS)                                       [PM1]
      5-65534   Unassigned                                         [PM1]
        65535   Reserved

































Reynolds & Postel                                              [Page 24]

RFC 1060                    Assigned Numbers                  March 1990


                               BOOTP PARAMETERS

   The Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) RFC-951 [36] describes an IP/UDP
   bootstrap protocol (BOOTP) which allows a diskless client machine to
   discover its own IP address, the address of a server host, and the
   name of a file to be loaded into memory and executed.  The BOOTP
   Vendor Information Extensions RFC-1084 [117] proposes an addition to
   the Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP).

   Vendor Extensions are listed below:

      Tag     Name          Data Length    Meaning          References
      ---     ----          -----------    -------          ----------
       0      Pad               0          None
       1      Subnet Mask       4          Subnet Mask Value
       2      Time Zone         4          Time Offset in
                                           Seconds from UTC
       3      Gateways          N          N/4 Gateway addresses
       4      Time Server       N          N/4 Timeserver addresses
       5      Name Server       N          N/4 IEN-116 Server addresses
       6      Domain Server     N          N/4 DNS Server addresses
       7      Log Server        N          N/4 Logging Server addresses
       8      Quotes Server     N          N/4 Quotes Server addresses
       9      LPR Server        N          N/4 Printer Server addresses
      10      Impress Server    N          N/4 Impress Server addresses
      11      RLP Server        N          N/4 RLP Server addresses