rfc2739.txt
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Network Working Group T. Small
Request for Comments: 2739 XpertSite.Com
Category: Standards Track D. Hennessy
ISOCOR
F. Dawson
Lotus
January 2000
Calendar Attributes for vCard and LDAP
Status of this Memo
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract
When scheduling a calendar entity, such as an event, it is a
prerequisite that an organizer has the calendar address of each
attendee that will be invited to the event. Additionally, access to
an attendee's current "busy time" provides an a priori indication of
whether the attendee will be free to participate in the event.
In order to meet these challenges, a calendar user agent (CUA) needs
a mechanism to locate (URI) individual user's calendar and free/busy
time.
This memo defines three mechanisms for obtaining a URI to a user's
calendar and free/busy time. These include:
- Manual transfer of the information;
- Personal data exchange using the vCard format; and
- Directory lookup using the LDAP protocol.
Small, et al. Standards Track [Page 1]
RFC 2739 Locating a Calendar User January 2000
Table of Contents
1 CALENDARING AND SCHEDULING URIS...................................3
1.1 FREE/BUSY URI (FBURL) .........................................3
1.2 CALENDAR ACCESS URI (CAPURI) ..................................4
1.3 CALENDAR URI (CALURI) .........................................4
1.4 DEFAULT URIS ..................................................4
2 DISTRIBUTION......................................................4
2.1 MANUAL TRANSFER ...............................................5
2.2 PERSONAL DATA EXCHANGE USING A VCARD ..........................5
2.3 VCARD SCHEMA EXTENSIONS .......................................5
2.3.1 FBURL Property IANA Registration ...........................6
2.3.2 CALADRURI Property IANA Registration .......................7
2.3.3 CAPURI Property IANA Registration ......................... 8
2.3.4 CALURI Property IANA Registration ......................... 8
2.4 DIRECTORY LOOKUP USING THE LDAP V3 PROTOCOL .................. 9
2.4.1 LDAP Schema Extensions .................................... 9
2.4.2 Notation ..................................................10
2.4.3 Object Definitions ........................................10
2.4.3.1 calEntry ..............................................10
2.4.4 Attribute Definitions .....................................10
2.4.4.1 calCalURI .............................................10
2.4.4.2 calFBURL ..............................................10
2.4.4.3 calCAPURI .............................................11
2.4.4.4 calCalAdrURI ..........................................11
2.4.4.5 calOtherCalURIs .......................................11
2.4.4.6 calOtherFBURLs ........................................11
2.4.4.7 calOtherCAPURIs .......................................12
2.4.4.8 calOtherCalAdrURIs ....................................12
3 IANA Considerations..............................................12
4 Security Considerations..........................................12
5 Acknowledgments..................................................13
6 Authors' Addresses...............................................13
7 Bibliography.....................................................15
8 Full Copyright Statement.........................................16
Small, et al. Standards Track [Page 2]
RFC 2739 Locating a Calendar User January 2000
1 Calendaring and Scheduling URIs
This memo defines four classes of URIs. URIs are more useful if it is
understood what the URIs point to. Here is a brief description:
1.1 Free/Busy URI (FBURL)
The free/busy URI is defined to be a transport independent location
where a client can obtain information about when a user is busy. At
the present time, this URI only points to busy time data. Future
revisions of this specification may provide for the extended
capability of publishing free time data.
If a calendaring and scheduling client (i.e., CUA) were to retrieve
data from this location using FTP or HTTP, it would get back an
iCalendar object [4] containing one or more "VFREEBUSY" calendar
components. If a MIME transport is being used, the response will be
contained within a "text/calendar" MIME body part as specified in the
iCalendar specification [4]. For example:
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML v1.0//EN
METHOD:PUBLISH
BEGIN:VFREEBUSY
ATTENDEE:MAILTO:jane_doe@host1.com
DTSTART:19971013T050000Z
DTEND:19971124T050000Z
DTSTAMP:19970901T083000Z
FREEBUSY:19971015T133000Z/19971015T180000Z
FREEBUSY:19971015T190000Z/19971015T220000Z
FBURL:http://www.host.com/calendar/busy/jdoe.ifb
END:VFREEBUSY
END:VCALENDAR
The amount of busy time data pointed to by the FBURL will generally
be pre-determined; for example one month of busy time data. As a
guideline, it is recommended that the previous six weeks of busy time
data be published at the location associated with the FBURL. If this
URI points to a file resource, it is recommended that the file
extension be "ifb" to distinguish it from an arbitrary iCalendar
object (e.g., with the "ics" file extension).
Small, et al. Standards Track [Page 3]
RFC 2739 Locating a Calendar User January 2000
1.2 Calendar Access URI (CAPURI)
The Calendar Access URI is defined to be a protocol independent
location from which a calendaring and scheduling client (i.e., CUA)
can communicate with a user's entire calendar.
The semantics for using this URI as an access protocol locator are
yet to be defined by the IETF CALSCH Working Group. This will be
addressed in the "Calendar Access Protocol" specification.
1.3 Calendar URI (CALURI)
The Calendar URI is defined to be a protocol independent location
from which a calendaring and scheduling client (i.e. CUA) can
retrieve an entire copy of a user's calendar. Retrieving data from
this URI obtains a published "snapshot" of the user's calendar.
HTTP URI -- If the URI is an HTTP URI, then the content returned with
a GET should be a "text/calendar" MIME body part containing one or
more iCalendar object.
FTP URI -- If the URI is an FTP URI, then the resource pointed to
should be a file with an "ics" file extension containing one or more
iCalendar objects.
1.4 Default URIs
There are many cases where a user may have more than one calendar. In
these cases, a user may have multiple URIs, each URI pointing to a
calendar or free/busy data.
To make the case of multiple calendars simpler for clients, the
concept of the "default" calendar is introduced. A "default" calendar
is one that the user has designated as the calendar that other users
should look at when accessing the user's calendar, or retrieving the
user's free/busy time.
The default calendar may, in fact, include rolled-up information from
all the user's other calendars. The other calendars may only exist
for organizational purposes.
2 Distribution
These four URIs provide valuable pointers to calendaring and
scheduling data that other users need in order to know when to
schedule meetings, etc. There are several possibilities on how users
can communicate these URIs to other users. The following section
outlines how these URIs can be distributed to other users.
Small, et al. Standards Track [Page 4]
RFC 2739 Locating a Calendar User January 2000
2.1 Manual Transfer
The simplest way to obtain these URIs is for a user to communicate
the URIs using some out-of-band mechanism such as verbally, or in an
e-mail message, or by printing these URIs on a paper business card.
When using this mechanism, the user obtains these URIs using an out-
of-band mechanism and then enters these URIs into their calendaring
software manually.
2.2 Personal Data Exchange Using A vCard
A more sophisticated way to obtain these URIs is for users to publish
vCards containing these URIs. The vCard object can be transferred
between one another. Since many e-mail clients allow a user to
automatically include a vCard with every message that the user sends,
this provides a simple, transparent way for a user to distribute
their calendaring and scheduling URIs.
On the receiving end, an e-mail client that provides an integrated
vCard database can provide a way to lookup calendaring URIs for users
whose vCards are stored locally.
2.3 vCard Schema Extensions
Since the vCard [3] specification doesn't specify how to encode
calendaring URIs in a vCard, this section is provided as an extension
to vCard which specifies how to encode calendaring URIs within a
vCard.
Inside a vCard object, four new properties are defined: "CALURI",
"CAPURI", "CALADRURI", and "FBURL", as defined above.
Any vCard can have one or more of these properties, each representing
a calendar or free/busy time that is associated with the user.
One of these properties can be designated as the "default" by adding
the "PREF" parameter.
Small, et al. Standards Track [Page 5]
RFC 2739 Locating a Calendar User January 2000
Here is a simple example of a vCard containing a "FBURL" and a
"CALURI".
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:3.0
N:Dun;Alec
FN:Alec Dun
ORG:Microsoft Corporation
ADR;WORK;POSTAL;PARCEL:;;One Microsoft Way;
Redmond;WA;98052-6399;USA
TEL;WORK;MSG:+1-206-936-4544
TEL;WORK;FAX:+1-206-936-7329
EMAIL;INTERNET:user@host1.com
CALADRURI;PREF:mailto:user@host1.com
CALURI;PREF:http://cal.host1.com/user/cal.ics
FBURL;PREF:http://cal.host1.com/user/fb.ifb
CALURI:http://cal.company.com/projectA/pjtA.ics
FBURL:http://cal.company.com/projectA/pjtAfb.ifb
END:VCARD
2.3.1 FBURL Property IANA Registration
To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
Subject: Registration of FBURL type for text/directory MIME type
vCard profile.
Type name: FBURL
Type purpose: To specify the URI for a user's busy time in a vCard
object.
Type encoding: 8bit
Type value: A single URI value.
Type special notes: Where multiple FBURL properties are specified,
the default FBURL property is indicated with the PREF parameter. The
FTP or HTTP type of URI points to an iCalendar object associated with
a snapshot of the last six weeks of the user's busy time data. If the
iCalendar object is represented as a file or document, it's file type
should be "ifb".
Intended usage: Refer to section 1.1.
Small, et al. Standards Track [Page 6]
RFC 2739 Locating a Calendar User January 2000
Type examples:
FBURL;PREF:http://www.host1.com/busy/janedoe
FBURL:FTP://ftp.host.com/busy/project-a.ifb
2.3.2 CALADRURI Property IANA Registration
To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
Subject: Registration of CALADRURI type for application/directory
MIME type vCard profile.
Type name: CALADRURI
Type purpose: To specify the location to which an event request
should be sent for the user.
Type encoding: 8bit
Type value: A single URI value.
Type special notes: Where multiple CALADRURI properties are
specified, the default CALADRURI property is indicated with the PREF
parameter.
Intended usage: Refer to section 1.2.
Type examples:
CALADRURI;PREF:mailto:janedoe@host.com
Small, et al. Standards Track [Page 7]
RFC 2739 Locating a Calendar User January 2000
2.3.3 CAPURI Property IANA Registration
To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
Subject: Registration of CAPURI type for application/directory MIME
type vCard profile.
Type name: CAPURI
Type purpose: To specify a protocol independent location from which a
calendaring and scheduling client (i.e., CUA) can communicate with a
user's entire calendar.
Type encoding: 8bit
Type value: A single URI value.
Type special notes: Where multiple CAPURI properties are specified,
the default CAPURI property is indicated with the PREF parameter.
Intended usage: Refer to section 1.3.
2.3.4 CALURI Property IANA Registration
To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
Subject: Registration of CALURI type for text/directory MIME type
vCard profile.
Type name: CALURI
Type purpose: To specify the URI for a user's calendar in a vCard
object.
Type encoding: 8bit
Type value type: A single URI value.
Type special notes: Where multiple CALURI properties are specified,
the default CALURI property is indicated with the PREF parameter. The
property should contain a URI pointing to an iCalendar object
associated with a snapshot of the user's calendar store. If the
iCalendar object is represented as a file or document, it's file type
should be "ics".
Intended usage: Refer to section 1.4.
Small, et al. Standards Track [Page 8]
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