rfc1630.txt

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RFC 1630                      URIs in WWW                      June 1994


   characters "x-".  The scheme name "urn:" is reserved for the work in
   progress on a scheme for more persistent names.

   It is proposed that the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
   perform the function of registration of new schemes. Any submission
   of a new URI scheme must include a definition of an algorithm for the
   retrieval of any object within that scheme. The algorithm must take
   the URI and produce either a set of URL(s) which will lead to the
   desired object, or the object itself, in a well-defined or
   determinable format.

   It is recommended that those proposing a new scheme demonstrate its
   utility and operability by the provision of a gateway which will
   provide images of objects in the new scheme for clients using an
   existing protocol. If the new scheme is not a locator scheme, then
   the properties of names in the new space should be clearly defined.
   It is likewise recommended that, where a protocol allows for
   retrieval by URL, that the client software have provision for being
   configured to use specific gateway locators for indirect access
   through new naming schemes.

BNF of Generic URI Syntax

   This is a BNF-like description of the URI syntax. at the level at
   which specific schemes are not considered.

   A vertical line "|" indicates alternatives, and [brackets] indicate
   optional parts.  Spaces are represented by the word "space", and the
   vertical line character by "vline".  Single letters stand for single
   letters.  All words of more than one letter below are entities
   described somewhere in this description.

   The "generic" production gives a higher level parsing of the same
   URIs as the other productions.  The "national" and "punctuation"
   characters do not appear in any productions and therefore may not
   appear in URIs.

     fragmentaddress        uri [ # fragmentid ]

     uri                    scheme :  path [ ? search ]

     scheme                 ialpha

     path                   void |  xpalphas  [  / path ]

     search                 xalphas [ + search ]

     fragmentid             xalphas



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     xalpha                 alpha | digit | safe | extra | escape

     xalphas                xalpha [ xalphas ]

     xpalpha                xalpha | +

     xpalphas               xpalpha [ xpalpha ]

     ialpha                 alpha [ xalphas ]

     alpha                  a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k |
                            l | m | n | o  | p | q | r | s | t | u | v |
                            w | x | y | z | A | B | C  | D | E | F | G |
                            H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P |  Q | R |
                            S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

     digit                  0 |1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9

     safe                   $ | - | _ | @ | . | &

     extra                  ! | * | " |  ' | ( | ) | ,

     reserved               = | ; | / | # | ? | : | space

     escape                 % hex hex

     hex                    digit | a | b | c | d | e | f | A | B | C |
                            D | E | F

     national               { | } | vline | [ | ] | \ | ^ | ~

     punctuation            < | >

     void

      (end of URI BNF)

BNF for specific URL schemes

   This is a BNF-like description of the Uniform Resource Locator
   syntax.  A vertical line "|" indicates alternatives, and [brackets]
   indicate optional parts.  Spaces are represented by the word "space",
   and the vertical line character by "vline".  Single letters stand for
   single letters.  All words of more than one letter below are entities
   described somewhere in this description.





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RFC 1630                      URIs in WWW                      June 1994


   The current IETF URI Working Group preference is for the prefixedurl
   production. (Nov 1993. July 93: url).

   The "national" and "punctuation" characters do not appear in any
   productions and therefore may not appear in URLs.

   The "afsaddress" is left in as historical note, but is not a url
   production.

  prefixedurl            u r l : url

  url                    httpaddress | ftpaddress | newsaddress |
                         nntpaddress | prosperoaddress | telnetaddress
                         | gopheraddress | waisaddress |
                         mailtoaddress  | midaddress | cidaddress

  scheme                 ialpha

  httpaddress            h t t p :   / / hostport [  / path ] [ ?
                         search ]

  ftpaddress             f t p : / / login / path [  ftptype ]

  afsaddress             a f s : / / cellname / path

  newsaddress            n e w s : groupart

  nntpaddress            n n t p : group /  digits

  midaddress             m i d  :  addr-spec

  cidaddress             c i d : content-identifier

  mailtoaddress          m a i l t o : xalphas @ hostname

  waisaddress            waisindex | waisdoc

  waisindex              w a i s : / / hostport / database [ ? search
                         ]

  waisdoc                w a i s : / / hostport / database / wtype  /
                         wpath

  wpath                  digits = path ;  [ wpath ]

  groupart               * | group | article

  group                  ialpha [ . group ]



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  article                xalphas @ host

  database               xalphas

  wtype                  xalphas

  prosperoaddress        prosperolink

  prosperolink           p r o s p e r o : / / hostport / hsoname [ %
                         0 0 version [ attributes ] ]

  hsoname                path

  version                digits

  attributes             attribute [ attributes ]

  attribute              alphanums

  telnetaddress          t e l n e t : / / login

  gopheraddress          g o p h e r : / / hostport [/ gtype  [
                         gcommand ] ]

  login                  [ user [ : password ] @ ] hostport

  hostport               host [ : port ]

  host                   hostname | hostnumber

  ftptype                A formcode | E formcode | I | L digits

  formcode               N | T | C

  cellname               hostname

  hostname               ialpha [  .  hostname ]

  hostnumber             digits . digits . digits . digits

  port                   digits

  gcommand               path

  path                   void |  segment  [  / path ]

  segment                xpalphas



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  search                 xalphas [ + search ]

  user                   alphanum2 [ user ]

  password               alphanum2 [ password ]

  fragmentid             xalphas

  gtype                  xalpha

  alphanum2              alpha | digit | - | _ | . | +

  xalpha                 alpha | digit | safe | extra | escape

  xalphas                xalpha [ xalphas ]

  xpalpha                xalpha | +

  xpalphas               xpalpha [ xpalphas ]

  ialpha                 alpha [ xalphas ]

  alpha                  a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k |
                         l | m | n | o  | p | q | r | s | t | u | v |
                         w | x | y | z | A | B | C  | D | E | F | G |
                         H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P |  Q | R |
                         S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

  digit                  0 |1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9

  safe                   $ | - | _ | @ | . | &  | + | -

  extra                  ! | * |  " |  ' | ( | )  | ,

  reserved               =  |  ;  |  /  |  #  | ? |  : | space

  escape                 % hex hex

  hex                    digit | a | b | c | d | e | f | A | B | C |
                         D | E | F

  national               { | } | vline | [ | ] | \ | ^ | ~

  punctuation            < | >

  digits                 digit [ digits ]




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  alphanum               alpha | digit

  alphanums              alphanum [ alphanums ]

  void

   (end of URL BNF)

References

  Alberti, R., et.al., "Notes on the Internet Gopher Protocol",
     University of Minnesota, December 1991,
     <ftp://boombox.micro.umn.edu/pub/gopher/ gopher_protocol>. See also
     <gopher://gopher.micro.umn.edu/00/Information About Gopher/About
     Gopher>

  Berners-Lee, T., "Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)", CERN, December
     1991, as updated from time to time,
     <ftp://info.cern.ch/pub/www/doc/http-spec.txt>

  Crocker, D., "Standard for ARPA Internet Text Messages" STD 11, RFC
     822, UDel, August 1982.

  Davis, F, et  al., "WAIS Interface Protocol: Prototype Functional
     Specification", Thinking Machines Corporation, April 23, 1990.
     <ftp://quake.think.com/pub/wa is/doc/protspec.txt>

  International Standards Organization, Information and Documentation -
     Search and Retrieve Application Protocol Specification for open
     Systems Interconnection, ISO-10163.

  Horton, M., and R. Adams, "Standard for Interchange of USENET
     messages", RFC 1036, AT&T Bell Laboratories, Center for Seismic
     Studies, December 1987.

  Huitema, C., "Naming: strategies and techniques", Computer Networks
     and ISDN Systems 23 (1991) 107-110.

  Kahle, B., "Document Identifiers, or International Standard Book
     Numbers for the Electronic Age", <ftp:
     //quake.think.com/pub/wais/doc/doc-ids.txt>

  Kantor, B., and P. Lapsley, Kantor, B., and P. Lapsley, "Network News
     Transfer Protocol", RFC 977, UC San Diego & UC Berkeley, February
     1986.  <ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc977.txt>

  Kunze, J., "Requirements for URLs", Work in Progress.




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RFC 1630                      URIs in WWW                      June 1994


  Lynch, C., Coalition for Networked Information: "Workshop on ID and
     Reference Structures for Networked Information", November 1991. See
     <wais://quake.think.com/wais-discussion-archives?lynch>

  Mockapetris, P., "Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities", STD 13, RFC
     1034, USC/Information Sciences Institute, November 1987,
     <ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1034.txt>

  Neuman, B. Clifford, "Prospero: A Tool for Organizing Internet
     Resources", Electronic Networking: Research, Applications and
     Policy, Vol 1 No 2, Meckler Westport CT USA, 1992.  See also
     <ftp://prospero.isi.edu/pub/prospero/oir.ps>

  Postel, J., and J. Reynolds, "File Transfer Protocol (FTP)", STD 9,
     RFC 959, USC/Information Sciences Institute, October 1985.
     <ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc959.txt>

  Sollins, K., and L. Masinter, "Requiremnets for URNs", Work in
     Progress.

  Yeong, W., "Towards Networked Information Retrieval", Technical report
     91-06-25-01, June 1991, Performance Systems International, Inc.
     <ftp://uu.psi.com/wp/nir.txt>

  Yeong, W., "Representing Public Archives in the Directory", Work in
     Progress, November 1991, now expired.

Security Considerations

   Security issues are not discussed in this memo.

Author's Address

   Tim Berners-Lee
   World-Wide Web project
   CERN
   1211 Geneva 23,
   Switzerland

   Phone: [phone]
   Fax:   [phone]
   EMail: [e-mail]









Berners-Lee                                                    [Page 28]