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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></meta> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../CSS/tutorial.css"></link> <title>XML Tutorial - Contents</title> <base target="_top"></base> </head> <body> <table width="100%"> <tr> <td><span class="mediumText"><b>>> English <<</b> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_cze/contents.html">česky</a> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_spa/contents.html">Español</a> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_por/contents.html">Português</a> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_tur/contents.html">Türkçe</a> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_dut/contents.html">Nederlands</a> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_rus/contents.html">По-русски</a> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_ger/contents.html">Deutsch</a> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_fre/contents.html">Français</a> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_ita/contents.html">Italiano</a> | <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="../General_chi/contents.html">中文</a></span></td> <td style="text-align:right"><span class="mediumText"><a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="http://www.zvon.org">ZVON</a> > <a class="naviBlack" target="_top" href="http://www.zvon.org/index.php?nav_id=tutorials">Tutorials</a> > <b>XML Tutorial</b></span></td> </tr> </table> <table class="bar" width="750px" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td class="naviBlue"><a class="naviWhite" target="_top" href="../General/book.html">Intro</a> / <a class="naviWhite" target="_top" href="http://zvon.org/search.php">Search</a> / <a class="naviWhite" target="_top" href="http://www.zvon.org"> ZVON </a></td> </tr> </table><br></br><h3>Contents</h3> <table border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <th class="d1"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example1.html"> Example 1 </a></th> <td class="d1"><a name="1"></a>XML document must contain one or more elements. </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d0"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example2.html"> Example 2 </a></th> <td class="d0"><a name="2"></a>There is exactly one element, called the root, or document element, no part of which appears in the content of any other element. </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d1"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example3.html"> Example 3 </a></th> <td class="d1"><a name="3"></a>The name in an element's end-tag must match the element type in the start-tag. Names are case-sensitive </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d0"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example4.html"> Example 4 </a></th> <td class="d0"><a name="4"></a>If the start-tag is in the content of another element, the end-tag is in the content of the same element. More simply stated, the elements, delimited by start- and end-tags, nest properly within each other. </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d1"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example5.html"> Example 5 </a></th> <td class="d1"><a name="5"></a>The end of every element that begins with a start-tag must be marked by an end-tag containing a name that echoes the element's type as given in the start-tag. The text between the start-tag and end-tag is called the element's content. An element without content can take a special form: <name/> . The slash before > substitutes the end tag. </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d0"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example6.html"> Example 6 </a></th> <td class="d0"><a name="6"></a>Element names can contain letters, digits, hyphens, underscores, colons, or full stops. A colon can be used only in a special case where it separates so called namespace. Element names starting with xml, XML or other combination of cases of this string are reserved for the standard. </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d1"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example7.html"> Example 7 </a></th> <td class="d1"><a name="7"></a>An element can have none, one or several attributes. Permitted characters are the same as for element names. The name of attribute is separated from its value by =. The attribute value must be given inside apostrophes '...' or double-quotes "..." . If an apostrophe or double-quote is used in the attribute value the opposite delimiter must be used. </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d0"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example8.html"> Example 8 </a></th> <td class="d0"><a name="8"></a>Characters < and & cannot be used in text as they are used in markup. If these characters are needed &lt; must be used insted of < and &amp; instead of & </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d1"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example9.html"> Example 9 </a></th> <td class="d1"><a name="9"></a>Characters >, " , and ' can be also substituted by &gt; , &quot; and &apos; , respectively </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d0"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example10.html"> Example 10 </a></th> <td class="d0"><a name="10"></a>Comments may appear anywhere in a document outside other markup. An XML processor may, but need not, make it possible for an application to retrieve the text of comments. The string "--" (double-hyphen) must not occur within comments. </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d1"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example11.html"> Example 11 </a></th> <td class="d1"><a name="11"></a>Processing instructions (PIs) allow documents to contain instructions for applications. </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d0"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example12.html"> Example 12 </a></th> <td class="d0"><a name="12"></a>CDATA sections are used to escape blocks of text containing characters which would otherwise be recognized as markup. CDATA sections begin with the string "<![CDATA[" and end with the string "]]>". The string ']]>' must not occur inside CDATA section. </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="d1"><a class="indexExample" href="../Output/example13.html"> Example 13 </a></th> <td class="d1"><a name="13"></a>XML documents may, and should, begin with an XML declaration which specifies the version of XML being used. </td> </tr> </table> </body></html>
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