📄 《编程之道》(小赵译版) - [蓝森林-自由软件].htm
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humans have constructed? Computers simulate determinism; only
the Tao is perfect. <BR><FONT
color=black>大师说：“你困惑是因为你不了解道。只有傻瓜才会相信只要遵循别人所说就能得到想当然的结果。为什么你要从一个人类自己构造的机器中去得到想当然的结果呢？计算机只是决定论的产物；只有道才是唯一完美的。</FONT>
<P>The rules of programming are transitory; only the Tao is
eternal. Therefore you must contemplate the Tao before you
receive enlightenment." <BR><FONT
color=black>任何编程的规则都只适合于特定的情况，只有道才是永恒不变的。所以在你受到指引之前要先去思考道。”</FONT>
<P>"But how will I know when I have received enlightenment?"
asked the novice. <BR><FONT
color=black>“但是我怎么知道我何时受到指引呢？”</FONT>
<P>"Your program will then run correctly," replied the master.
<BR><FONT color=black>“当你的程序正确运行时”。大师说。</FONT>
<H4>4.3</H4>A master was explaining the nature of the Tao to
one of his novices, "The Tao is embodied in all software --
regardless of how insignificant," said the master. <BR><FONT
color=black>初学者请大师解释“道法自然”。大师说：“道存在于任何软件中－－无论是多么没有意义的软件”。</FONT>
<P>"Is the Tao in a hand-held calculator?" asked the novice.
<BR><FONT color=black>“难道也存在于手持式的计算嚣里？”，初学者问。</FONT>
<P>"It is," came the reply. <BR><FONT color=black>“是的，”</FONT>
<P>"Is the Tao in a video game?" continued the novice.
<BR><FONT color=black>“也在游戏机里？”，初学者又问到。</FONT>
<P>"It is even in a video game," said the master. <BR><FONT
color=black>“是的，甚至也存在于游戏机里”。大师说。</FONT>
<P>"And is the Tao in the DOS for a personal computer?"
<BR><FONT color=black>“也存在于个人计算机的DOS里吗？”</FONT>
<P>The master coughed and shifted his position slightly. "The
lesson is over for today," he said. <BR><FONT
color=black>大师咳嗽了一声，稍微动了一下，说，“今天的课就到这里”。</FONT>
<H4>4.4</H4>Price Wang's programmer was coding software. His
fingers danced upon the keyboard. The program compiled without
an error message, and the program ran like a gentle wind.
<BR><FONT
color=black>###编程大师编写软件时，手指在键盘上快速飞舞。程序编译时没有一条错误信息，程序运行起来就象一阵微风吹过。</FONT>
<P>Excellent!" the Price exclaimed, "Your technique is
faultless!" <BR><FONT color=black>太精彩了！你的技巧已经无可挑剔了。</FONT>
<P>"Technique?" said the programmer, turning from his
terminal, "What I follow is the Tao -- beyond all technique.
When I first began to program I would see before me the whole
program in one mass. After three years I no longer saw this
mass. Instead, I used subroutines. But now I see nothing. My
whole being exists in a formless void. My senses are idle. My
spirit, free to work without a plan, follows its own instinct.
In short, my program writes itself. True, sometimes there are
difficult problems. I see them coming, I slow down, I watch
silently. Then I change a single line of code and the
difficulties vanish like puffs of idle smoke. I then compile
the program. I sit still and let the joy of the work fill my
being. I close my eyes for a moment and then log off."
<BR><FONT
color=black>“技巧？”，大师转过身说，“我所遵循的是道--它超乎所有的技巧。当我开始编程时我看到的是整个一大块的程序，三年后我看到的是子过程。现在我什么也看不到了。我的整个存在是没有任何形式的虚无。我感觉很悠闲，总之，事实上是我的程序自己在写，有时我看到一些问题，我看到它们，就停下来静静地观察它们，然后我改变了一行代码，难题就象一阵轻烟一样化为乌有。然后我编译程序。坐在那里享受工作的喜悦。闭了一会眼睛然后退出系统。</FONT>
<P>Price Wang said, "Would that all of my programmers were as
wise!" <BR><FONT color=black>“什么时候我的程序员才能都达到这样的境界!”</FONT>
<P>
<H3><A name=book5>Mainteance</A><BR>Book Five</H3>
<P>Thus spake the master programmer: <BR><FONT
color=black>编程大师如是说：</FONT>
<BLOCKQUOTE>"Though a program be but three lines long,
someday it will have to be maintained." <BR><FONT
color=black>“既使一个程序只有三行长，也总有一天需要去维护它”</FONT> </BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>
<H4>5.1</H4>
<BLOCKQUOTE>A well-used door needs no oil on its
hinges.<BR>A swift-flowing steam does no grow
stagnant.<BR>Neither sound nor thoughts can travel through a
vacuum.<BR>Software rots if not used.<BR><BR><FONT
color=black>经常使用的门不需要往门轴里上油。<BR>流动的东西就不会停滞不前。<BR>流水不腐，户枢不蠹。--王磊<BR>声音和思想都不能在真空里传播。<BR>软件不用就会腐朽。<BR></FONT><BR>These
are great mysteries.<BR></BLOCKQUOTE>
<H4>5.2</H4>A manager asked a programmer how long it would
take him to finish the program on which he was working. "I
will be finished tomorrow," the programmer promptly replied.
<BR><FONT color=black>经理问程序员要多长时间才能完成他的项目。“明天”</FONT>
<P>"I think you are being unrealistic," said the manager.
"Truthfully, how long will it take?" <BR><FONT
color=black>“太不着边际了，老实说，要多久？”</FONT>
<P>The programmer thought for a moment. "I have some features
that I wish to add. This will take at least two weeks," he
finally said. <BR><FONT
color=black>程序员想了一想说。“还有一些新的功能要加进去，可能至少要两个星期吧。”</FONT>
<P>"Even that is too much to expect," insisted the manager, "I
will be satisfied if you simply tell me when the program is
complete." <BR><FONT
color=black>“即使两个星期恐怕也太夸张了，什么时候你只要告诉我说程序已经完成就好了。”</FONT>
<P>The programmer agreed to this.
<P>Several years slated, the manager retired. On the way to
his retirement lunch, he discovered the programmer asleep at
his terminal. He had been programming all night. <BR><FONT
color=black>几年后，这个经理已经退休了，在他的离职午餐上，他发现这些程序员在他的终端前睡着了，他整夜都在编程。</FONT>
<H4>5.3</H4>A novice programmer was once assigned to code a
simple financial package. <BR><FONT
color=black>一个初学者被要求编写一个财务软件。<BR></FONT>
<P>The novice worked furiously for many days, but when his
master reviewed his program, he discovered that it contained a
screen editor, a set of generalized graphics routines, and
artificial intelligence interface, but not the slightest
mention of anything financial. <BR><FONT
color=black>他疯狂地工作了很多天，但他的主管检视他的程序时发现，它写了一个编辑嚣，一个图形程序集，和人工智能的界面，但是看不到任何跟财务有关的东西。</FONT>
<P>When the master asked about this, the novice became
indignant. "Don't be so impatient," he said, "I'll put the
financial stuff in eventually." <BR><FONT
color=black>主管要求解释时，程序员被激怒了：“你太没耐心了，我会在最后写财务的部分。”</FONT>
<H4>5.4</H4>
<BLOCKQUOTE>Does a good farmer neglect a crop he has
planted?<BR>Does a good teacher overlook even the most
humble student?<BR>Does a good father allow a single child
to starve?<BR>Does a good programmer refuse to maintain his
code?<BR><BR><FONT
color=black>一个好的农民不会不管他的庄稼。<BR>一个好的老师不会不管哪怕是最差的学生。<BR>一个好的父亲不会让他的任何一个孩子挨饿。<BR>一个好的程序员不应拒绝维护他的程序。<BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>
<HR>
<H3><A name=book6>Management</A><BR>Book Six</H3>
<P>Thus spake the master programmer: <BR><FONT
color=black>编程大师如是说：</FONT>
<BLOCKQUOTE>"Let the programmer be many and the managers few
-- then all will be productive." <BR><FONT
color=black>“增加程序员，减少经理--这样他们都可提高效率。”</FONT> </BLOCKQUOTE>
<H4>6.1</H4>When managers hold endless meetings, the
programmers write games. When accountants talk of quarterly
profits, the development budget is about to be cut. When
senior scientists talk blue sky, the clouds are about to roll
in. <BR><FONT
color=black>经理们忙于无休无止的会议时，程序员们在写游戏。财务主管在谈论季度盈利时开发预算将会被削减。当老科学家在谈天空的蓝色时，云团蜂拥而至。</FONT>
<P>Truly, this is not the Tao of Programming. <BR><FONT
color=black>这不是编程之道。</FONT>
<P>When managers make commitments, game programs are ignored.
When accountants make long-range plans, harmony and order are
about to be restored. When senior scientists address the
problems at hand, the problems will soon be solved. <BR><FONT
color=black>经理分配任务时不会包括游戏，会计师做长期计划时，应该做到面面俱到，皆大欢喜。科学家提出一个问题，就会很快得到解决。</FONT>
<P>Truly, this is the Tao of Programming. <BR><FONT
color=black>这才是编程之道。</FONT>
<H4>6.2</H4>Why are programmers non-productive? Because their
time is wasted in meetings. <BR><FONT
color=black>为什么程序员没有效率，因为他们把时间都浪费在开会上了。</FONT>
<P>Why are programmers rebellious? Because the management
interferes too much. <BR><FONT
color=black>为什么程序员难于管理？因为管理者的干预太多了。</FONT>
<P>Why are the programmers resigning one by one? Because they
are burnt out. <BR><FONT
color=black>为什么程序员一个接一个地辞职，因为他们累坏了。</FONT>
<P>Having worked for poor management, they no longer value
their jobs. <BR><FONT
color=black>在糟糕的管理下工作，他们享受不到工作的乐趣。</FONT>
<H4>6.3</H4>A manager was about to be fired, but a programmer
who worked for him invented a new program that became popular
and sold well. As a result, the manager retained his job.
<BR><FONT
color=black>一个经理将被解雇，但他手下的一个程序员写了一个流行的软件并且销路很旺。所以经理保住了他的工作。</FONT>
<P>The manager tried to give the programmer a bonus, but the
programmer refused it, saying, "I wrote the program because I
though it was an interesting concept, and thus I expect no
reward." <BR><FONT
color=black>经理为程序员分红，但程序员拒绝了，他说：“我写程序是因为写程序很有趣，所以我并没想过得资金”。</FONT>
<P>The manager, upon hearing this, remarked, "This programmer,
though he holds a position of small esteem, understands well
the proper duty of an employee. Lets promote him to the
exalted position of management consultant!" <BR><FONT
color=black>这位经理说，“这位程序员，不管他现在是什么位置，他都能理解一个雇员的职责所在。我们要把他提升为管理顾问”。</FONT>
<P>But when told this, the programmer once more refused,
saying, "I exist so that I can program. If I were promoted, I
would do nothing but waste everyone's time. Can I go now? I
have a program that I'm working one." <BR><FONT
color=black>这位程序员又一次拒绝了，他说：“我是一个程序员所以我可以编程，如果我被提升了，除了浪费别人的时间什么也做不了，现在我可以走了吗？我还有一个程序没写完。”</FONT>
<H4>6.4</H4>A manger went to his programmers and told them:
"As regards to your work hours: you are going to have to come
in at nine in the morning and leave at five in the afternoon."
At this, all of them became angry and several resigned on the
spot. <BR><FONT
color=black>经理对程序员说，“你们的工作时间是早上9点到正午点。”，所有的程序员都很不满。</FONT>
<P>So the manager said: "All right, in that case you may set
your own working hours, as long as you finish your projects on
schedule." The programmers, now satisfied, began to come in a
noon and work to the wee hours of the morning. <BR><FONT
color=black>经理又说：“好吧，那随你们的便，只要能按时完成任务。”，程序员们这下满意了，他们中午上班，一直工作到凌晨。</FONT>
<P>
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