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<td width="631"><B><FONT color=#008080
size=6>UML</FONT><FONT color=#008080><FONT face=方正姚体 color=#008080
size=6>软件工程</FONT><FONT face=方正姚体 size=6>组织</FONT></FONT></B>
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<td class="content"><div align="center" class="content"><a href="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.uml.net.cn/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.uml.net.cn/'" tppabs="http://www.uml.net.cn/" target="_blank" class="content_a">北京火龙果软件工程技术中心</a></div></td>
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<td height="56" align="center" valign="middle" class="title"> <B><FONT color=#ff0000
size=3><!-- #BeginEditable "1" --></FONT><span class="h2">企業塑模(Business Modeling)<br>
</span><FONT color=#ff0000
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<!-- #BeginEditable "2" --><B><span class="h2"><a href="4017ch03.pdf" tppabs="http://www.uml.org.cn/oobject/images/4017ch03.pdf">原文：Chapter 3: Business Modeling</a></span></B><!-- #EndEditable --></td>
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<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 18px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 18px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><span lang="en-us"><b><font face="標楷體" size="6" color="#000000">活動圖</font></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000">在
Rose
裡，你可以使用活動圖來塑造一個特定的企業使用案例工作流程。在活動圖裡主要的元素為：</font></p>
<ul type="square">
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">泳道(Swimlanes)，顯示在圖型裡誰有責任去執行此任務。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">活動(Activities)，為工作流程裡的步驟。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">動作(Actions)，是活動中的步驟。動作可能發生在進入此活動時、離開此活動時、在此活動裡面或在特殊事件上。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">商業物件(Business
objects)，是工作流程所影響的實體。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">轉換(Transitions)，顯示工作流程是如何從一個活動移動到另一個活動。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">決策點(Decision
points)，顯示在工作流程中什麼地方須要做決策。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">同步(Synchronizations)，顯示在工作流程中有兩個或多個步驟同時發生。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">開始狀態(The
start state)，顯示工作流程從什麼地方開始。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">結束狀態(The
end state)，顯示工作流程在什麼地方結束。</font></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000">這個章節，我們將看看如何運用
Rose 來塑造活動圖裡，這些不同部份的模型。</font></p>
<p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN-TOP: 24px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><b><font face="標楷體" size="5" color="#000000">加入一個活動圖</font></b></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000">你可以為特別的企業使用案例，建立數個如你所需的活動圖。此企業使用案例的活動圖，會顯示在瀏覽窗格中，該企業使用案例下方的
State/Activity 模型裡。</font></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000">加入一個活動圖：</font></p>
<ol style="FONT-FAMILY: Comic Sans MS">
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">在瀏覽窗格的企業使用案例上方右擊滑鼠。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">在快捷功能表裡選擇
New <font face="Wingdings">Ø</font> Activity Diagram 。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">Rose
會在瀏覽窗格裡產生一筆名為「State/Activity」模型的紀錄，其位於該企業使用案例的下方，如圖
3.16 所示。此新的活動圖，將出現在「State/Activity」模型紀錄的下方。</font></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><b><font color="#000000"><font face="Century Gothic" size="2">FIGURE
3.16</font></font></b><font color="#000000"><font face="Century Gothic" size="2">
Adding an activity diagram</font><br>
<img height="344" src="image034.jpg" tppabs="http://www.dotspace.twmail.net/umlcolumn/articles/masterumlwithrose/businessmodeling/image034.jpg" width="398" border="0"></font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">將新的活動圖填上名稱。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">對此活動圖雙擊滑鼠來開啟它。</font></p>
</li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN-TOP: 24px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><b><font face="標楷體" size="5" color="#000000">增加此活動圖的詳細資料</font></b></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000">一旦此活動圖產生，下一步是加入泳道、活動、和其他詳細資料在活動圖上面。這些需要使用活動圖工具箱來完成，表
3.2 列出活動圖工具箱裡，每個可用的圖示和用途。</font></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000"><img height="150" src="image035.jpg" tppabs="http://www.dotspace.twmail.net/umlcolumn/articles/masterumlwithrose/businessmodeling/image035.jpg" width="549" border="0"></font></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000"><img height="467" src="image036.jpg" tppabs="http://www.dotspace.twmail.net/umlcolumn/articles/masterumlwithrose/businessmodeling/image036.jpg" width="550" border="0"></font></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000">加一個泳道至活動圖裡：</font></p>
<ol style="FONT-FAMILY: Comic Sans MS">
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">在工具箱裡選擇「Swimlane」按鈕。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">點擊在活動圖裡，一個新的泳道會顯現，其預設的標題為「NewSwimlane」。如圖
3.17 所示。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">用企業工作者或組織單元的名稱，對此泳道命名。</font></p>
</li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000">加一個開始狀態到活動圖裡：</font></p>
<ol style="FONT-FAMILY: Comic Sans MS">
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">在工具箱裡選擇「Start
State」按鈕。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">點擊活動圖裡的某個泳道內，端視由那個工作者或單元要起動此工作流程。</font></p>
</li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000">加活動到活動圖裡：</font></p>
<ol style="FONT-FAMILY: Comic Sans MS">
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">在工具箱裡選擇「Activity」按鈕。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">點擊活動圖裡的某個泳道內，端視由那個工作者或單元有責任執行此活動。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">對此新的活動命名。</font></p>
</li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><b><font face="Century Gothic" size="2" color="#000000">Figure
3.17</font></b><font face="Century Gothic" size="2" color="#000000">
Swimlane in an activity diagram</font></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000"><img height="420" src="image037.jpg" tppabs="http://www.dotspace.twmail.net/umlcolumn/articles/masterumlwithrose/businessmodeling/image037.jpg" width="264" border="0"></font></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><font color="#000000">加動作到活動圖裡：</font></p>
<ol style="FONT-FAMILY: Comic Sans MS">
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">在此活動上右擊滑鼠。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">選擇「Open
Specification」選項，此活動的規格視窗將會出現。</font></p>
<li>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="MARGIN-TOP: 6px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12px; MARGIN-LEFT: 14pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt"><font color="#000000">選擇「Actions」標籤。</font></p>
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