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📁 Red Hat Linux 5.1安装指南
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<head>
<title>Users, Groups and User-Private Groups</title>
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<p><a HREF="doc078.htm" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/doc078.htm"><img SRC="next.gif" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/next.gif" ALT="Next" WIDTH="37" HEIGHT="24"></a> <a HREF="doc000.htm" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/doc000.htm"><img SRC="up.gif" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/up.gif" ALT="Up" WIDTH="26" HEIGHT="24"></a> <a HREF="doc076.htm" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/doc076.htm"><img SRC="previous-1.gif" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/previous-1.gif" ALT="Previous" WIDTH="63" HEIGHT="24"></a> <a HREF="doc000.htm" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/doc000.htm"><img SRC="contents.gif" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/contents.gif" ALT="Contents" WIDTH="65" HEIGHT="24"></a> <a HREF="doc136.htm" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/doc136.htm"><img SRC="index.gif" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/index.gif" ALT="Index" WIDTH="43" HEIGHT="24"></a> </p>

<hr>

<h2><a NAME="s11.1"></a>11.1 用户，组及私有用户组</h2>

<p><a NAME="i619"></a><a NAME="i620"></a><a NAME="i621"></a><a NAME="i622"></a>管理用户和组历来是枯燥和乏味的。红帽子LINUX拥有若干 
系统工具和约定措施，相当有用，使用户和组的管理简单了许多。</p>

<p>管理用户和组最为简单的方法是使用控制面板上的“UsersandGroups”模块 
（有关控制面板的详细信息请看第9节，9.1节上用户和组模块的详细描述）。 
您还可以以命令行的方式用adduser命令创建新用户。</p>

<h3><a NAME="s11.1.1"></a>11.1.1 Standard Users</h3>

<p><a NAME="i623"></a><a NAME="i624"></a></p>

<p><a HREF="doc077.htm#f81" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/doc077.htm#f81">表81</a> 
列出了系统在安装过程中创建的标准用户（其中所列内容与/etc/passwd文件的描述 
是一致的）。表中的组ID号是用户所在的首要组的代号。请到<a HREF="doc077.htm#s11.1.3" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/doc077.htm#s11.1.3">11.1.3</a>节查看有关组的 
知识。</p>

<p align="center"><a NAME="f81"></a></p>
<div align="center"><center>

<table BORDER="1" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0">
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap><b>User</b> </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap><b>UID</b> </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap><b>GID</b> </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap><b>Home Directory</b> </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap><b>Shell</b> </td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>root </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>0 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>0 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/root </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/bin/bash </td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>bin </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>1 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>1 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/bin </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>daemon </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>2 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>2 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/sbin </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>adm </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>3 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>4 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/var/adm </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>lp </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>4 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>7 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/var/spool/lpd </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>sync </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>5 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>0 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/sbin </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/bin/sync </td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>shutdown </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>6 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>0 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/sbin </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/sbin/shutdown </td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>halt </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>7 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>0 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/sbin </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/sbin/halt </td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>mail </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>8 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>12 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/var/spool/mail </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>news </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>9 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>13 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/var/spool/news </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>uucp </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>10 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>14 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/var/spool/uucp </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>operator </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>11 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>0 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/root </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>games </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>12 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>100 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/usr/games </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>gopher </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>13 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>30 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/usr/lib/gopher-data </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>ftp </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>14 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>50 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/home/ftp </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>nobody </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>99 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>99 </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>/ </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap>　</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</center></div>

<p align="center">表81: 标准用户</p>

<h3><a NAME="s11.1.2"></a>11.1.2 标准用户组</h3>

<p><a NAME="i625"></a><a NAME="i626"></a></p>

<p><a HREF="doc077.htm#f82" tppabs="http://www.jjinfo.com/kjzc/wsxy/linux/doc077.htm#f82">表82</a>列出了系统安装过程中创建的标准用户组（其中就是/etc/group文件所描述的内容）。</p>

<p align="center"><a NAME="f82"></a></p>
<div align="center"><center>

<table BORDER="1" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0">
  <tr valign="top">
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap><b>Group</b> </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap><b>GID</b> </td>
    <td colspan="1" align="left" nowrap><b>Members</b> </td>
  </tr>
  <tr valign="top">
12

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