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<HTML><HEAD> <TITLE>Reading Window Components</TITLE></HEAD><BODY bgcolor="#ffffff"><H1><A NAME="zOI0FGBvBJ9X3cS">Reading Window Components</H1><P>TheReading window is made up of these components:<UL><LI>Main menu bar containing four pull-down menus thatenable you to perform tasks that are specific to theReading window.<P>You select options in these menus to read the next orprevious message, save or print the current message,and reply to or forward the current message to otherrecipient(s).<P>You can also select various options to customize yourReading window environment, or click the<U>H</U><B>elp</B> menu toget more information about the task(s) you want toperform.<P>For information about using the help menu system, see<A HREF="DEtRqFB0aG9X3cS.html">Help Menu Options</A>.<P></LI><LI>Two subwindows or viewing areas that display messageheaders and body text. These viewing areas can bescrolled to display text that is outside the margins.<P>You can also specify the column margin of the Readingwindow and elect to have text word-wrap if it is widerthan the specified margin.<P>A window resize button (called a sash in<CITE>Motif</CITE>terminology) on the right side of the Reading window forchanging the relative vertical sizes of the header viewingarea and the message body viewing area.<P></LI><LI>Pushpin icon for pinning the window to the screen (inorder to open additional Reading windows).<P></LI><LI><B>View type:</B> radio buttons, which let you choose how toformat structured MIME messages.<P></LI><LI><B>Wrap text</B> button, which lets you choose between wrappinglong lines to fit the window or using a horizontal scrollbar.<P></LI></UL><P><A HREF="zOI0FGBvBJ9X3cS.html#RXMN.FBn.L9X3cS">Elements of the Reading Window</A> illustrates the primaryelements of the Reading window.<P><H4>Figure: <A NAME="RXMN.FBn.L9X3cS">Elements of the Reading Window</H4><IMG SRC="zOI0FGBvBJ9X3cS.extobj.1.gif"><H2><A NAME="SbEZyyBMtM9X3cS">Reading MIME Messages</H2><P>When reading a MIME message you can view it in<I>Outline</I> formor<I>Flat</I> form. Chose which form you want by clicking one of the<B>View type:</B> radio buttons. These buttons have no effect on anordinary mail message.<P>In Outline form you can easily see the message structure,including nesting of parts, if any. Each part is labeled with adescription of its contents. You can click on any of the parts andsee it expanded.<P>How a message part is expanded depends on what it contains.For example, to look at a PostScript part you must have aPostScript viewer program on your system, such as<CITE>ghostview</CITE>. Tolook at a GIF or JPEG part you must have a viewer such as<CITE>xv</CITE> or<CITE>display</CITE>. To listen to an audio part your system must have audiocapability and a speaker. Plain ASCII text parts and EnrichedText parts are shown directly in the Reading window.<P><HR><B>NOTE:</B><BR>Various viewer programs are<I>not</I> part of<CITE>Ishmail</CITE>. If your system doesn't have theappropriate viewer you won't be able to lookat certain attachments. However you can savethem to files, for later use, or include them insubsequent mail messages to other users.<HR></P><P>If you choose Flat form to view a message all the plain text andenriched text parts are expanded, or<I>flattened</I>. The overallstructure of the message will not be as apparent, instead it willread like a document rather than its table of contents.<P>In the Flat view, message parts containing data other than textwill appear as icons. The icon will represent the data type, andwill be labelled with a short description of the data. Just as withthe Outline view, click an icon and the appropriate view programwill be launched.<P>To save a message part to a file, position the mouse cursor overthe icon and press and hold the right mouse button. A menu willpop up. The menu has an option for saving the MIMEattachment to a file.<P>For more information about viewing and printing MIMEmessages, see<A HREF="v.Q.uNBGxI9X3cS.html">Displaying MIME-encoded Messages</A>.<P><HR><B>NOTE:</B><BR>Look at the<CODE>mailcap</CODE> file, found in the<CODE>lib</CODE>subdirectory of where<CITE>Ishmail</CITE> is installed, tosee which viewing (and printing) programsare associated with various MIME data types.You can modify this file to use different viewerprograms.<HR></P><H2><A NAME="sUQ.uNBGxI9X3cS">Resizing the Reading Window</H2><P>You canresize the Reading window using your windowmanager's resizing borders at the edges of the window. As youresize the window vertically, the message body area grows orshrinks proportionally while the header fields remain the samesize. As you resize the window horizontally, both areas grow orshrink proportionally.<P>Vertical and horizontal scroll bars are available to scroll the textoutside the reading area.<P>There is also a<B>Wrap text</B> button at the bottom of the window. If youclick this button<KBD>On</KBD> lines of text will wrap at the right margin,and you will not need a horizontal scroll bar.<P><HR><B>NOTE:</B><BR>You will see different behavior of the text inthe Reading window depending on whetherword-wrap is selected and whether themessage contains<I>hard newlines</I>.<HR></P><P><I>Hard newlines</I> (sometimes referred to as<I>carriage returns</I>) areinserted into a message when the sender types the<B>Return</B> or<B>Enter</B> key when composing the message. Ideally, these are usedonly to mark paragraph boundaries rather than the end of eachline. If hard newlines are at the end of each line, the message textwill not re-flow nicely when the Reading window is resized.<P>If word-wrapping is turned on and a message does not containhard newlines on each line, when you resize the window the textre-flows to best fit the window.<P>If word wrapping is turned off and a message does not containhard newlines on each line, each paragraph will appear as asingle, very long line.<P><HR><B>TIP:</B><BR>You may find that toggling the word-wrapoption improves the readability of a message,depending on the mail tool which was used tocreate the message. For example, the Sun<CITE>mailtool</CITE> does not put hard newlines on eachline, but<CITE>elm</CITE> does. Messages coming from<CITE>mailtool</CITE> probably will look better with wordwrap enabled, while messages coming from<CITE>elm</CITE> probably will look better with word wrapdisabled.<HR></P><H2><A NAME="wUQ.uNBGxI9X3cS">"Pinning" Windows to the Screen</H2><P>You can have multipleReading windows open simultaneously.Before opening each new window, click on thepushpin in theupper right-hand corner of the current window to "pin" thatwindow to the screen. Each time you open a new Readingwindow, you can "pin" it, in turn, to the screen.<P>You can open one or more Reading windows at any time unless apop-up dialog is being displayed that requires action before it canbe dismissed.<H2><A NAME="1VQ.uNBGxI9X3cS">Shortcut Buttons</H2><P>Optionally, you can configure a number of shortcut buttons to bedisplayed along the bottom of the or sides of the window. Thesebuttons help streamline your use of the window. There are morethan 25 possible menu functions in the Reading window menubar that can be performed by shortcut buttons. See<A HREF="WPeSlNBpSL9X3cS.html">ShortcutButtons</A> for information about configuring shortcut buttons.<HR>Preceding Section: <A HREF="OXMN.FBn.L9X3cS.html">Reading Window</A><BR>Following Section: <A HREF="UCeSlNBpSL9X3cS.html">Opening a New Reading Window</A><BR>Parent Section: <A HREF="OXMN.FBn.L9X3cS.html">Reading Window</A><BR>Contents of <A HREF="zsPsIGBSYWwA0YK.html">Ishmail User's Guide</A><BR><HR></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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