📄 invindex.tex
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% this file inverts index.tex (omitting \see and \also)i: Euler, Leonhardiii--vi: Knuth, Donald Erviniii: Graham, Ronald Lewisiii: Patashnik, Oreniv: Grahamiv: Patashnikv: Bulwer-Lytton, Edward George Earle Lytton, Baronv: Halmos, Paul Richardv: Hammersley, John Michaelv: Stanford Universityvi: Grahamvi: Halmosvi: Melzak, Zdzislaw Alexandervi: P\'olya, George (= Gy\"orgy)vi: Patashnikvi: Stone, Marshall Harveyvi: \v{C}ech, Eduardvi: calculusvi: concrete mathematics, definedvii: Eulervii: Gau{\ss} (= Gauss), Karl (= Carl) Friedrichvii: Gottschalk, Walter Helbigvii: Haar, Alfr\'edvii: Kilroy, James Josephvii: Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, Freiherr vonvii: Stanford Universityvii: graffitivii: philosophyviii--ix: typefacesviii: American Mathematical Societyviii: Beeton, Barbara Ann Neuhaus Friend Smithviii: Boasviii: Durst, Lincoln Kearneyviii: Knuthviii: Murdock, Phoebe Jamesviii: Palais, Richard Sheldonviii: Renz, Peter Lewisviii: Swanson, Ellen Estherviii: Whidden, Samuel Blackwellviii: Woolf, William Blauveltviii: Zapf, Hermannviii: answersviii: cheatingviii: exercises, levels ofviii: levels of problemsviii: problems, levels ofix: AMS Eulerix: Aaronson, Bette Janeix: Addison-Wesleyix: Broderix: Brown Universityix: Brown, Roy Howardix: CUNY (= City University of New York)ix: Chung, Fan-Rong Kingix: Columbia Universityix: Dupr\'e, Lyn Oppenheimix: Eulerix: Gordon, Peter Stuartix: Grahamix: Graham, Cherylix: Knuthix: Knuth, Nancy Jill Carterix: Mayr, Ernstix: National Science Foundationix: Naval Researchix: Office of Naval Researchix: Patashnikix: Patashnik, Amy Markowitzix: Princeton Universityix: Rice Universityix: Stanford Universityix: Yao, Andrew Chi-Chihix: Yao, Foong Francesix: Zeilberger, Doronix: fansix: graffitiix: punsix: rewards, monetaryx--xi: notationxi: parenthesis conventionsxi: quotation marks 1--20: recurrences 1--4: Hanoi, Tower of 1--4: Tower of Hanoi 1: Brahma, Tower of 1: God 1: Lucas, Fran\c cois \'Edouard Anatole 1: Tower of Brahma 2: Allardice, Robert Edgar 2: Fraser, Alexander Yule 2: downward generalization 2: empty case\sub for Tower of Hanoi 2: generalization\sub downward 2: name and conquer 2: notation 2: null case\sub for Tower of Hanoi 2: small cases 2: thinking\sub big 3: basis of induction 3: closed form 3: induction 3: induction\sub basis of 3: mathematical induction 3: mathematical induction\sub basis of 3: solution 4--8: lines in the plane 4--8: regions 4: Brahma 4: Tower of Brahma 4: inductive leap 4: pizza 4: proof 5: Steiner, Jacob 5: convex regions 5: small cases 6: Euler 6: Gau{\ss} (= Gauss) 6: Gau{\ss} (= Gauss)\sub trick 6: arithmetic progression\sub sum of 6: bowling 6: recurrences\sub unfolding 6: sums\sub of consecutive integers 6: triangular numbers 6: unfolding a recurrence 7--8: zig 7: Gau{\ss} (= Gauss) 7: closed form 7: induction 7: mathematical induction 7: proof 8--17: Josephus\sub problem 8: $\sim$: is asymptotic to 8: Ahrens, Wilhelm Ernst Martin Georg 8: Herstein, Israel Nathan 8: Josephus, Flavius 8: Kaplansky, Irving 8: Mathews, Edwin Lee (= 41) 8: Seaver, George Thomas (= 41) 8: war 9: small cases 10--11: basis of induction 10--11: induction 10--11: mathematical induction 11--13: binary notation (radix~$2$) 11--13: radix notation 11: generalization 11: philosophy 12: Josephus 12: cyclic shift 12: fixed points 12: nu function: sum of digits\sub binary (radix $2$) 12: sideways addition 13--16: Josephus\sub recurrence, generalized 13: generalization 14--15: repertoire method 15--16: binary notation (radix~$2$) 15--16: radix notation 16: P\'olya 16: generalization 16: philosophy 16: war 17--20: Hanoi\sub variations on 17--20: Tower of Hanoi\sub variations on 17: Venn\sub diagram 17: horses 17: induction\sub failure of 17: lines in the plane 17: mathematical induction\sub failure of 17: regions 18: horses 18: induction\sub backwards 18: mathematical induction\sub backwards 19--20: Josephus 19: cheese slicing 19: lines in the plane 19: planes, cutting 19: regions 19: repertoire method 19: zig 19: zig-zag 20: Josephus\sub subset 20: Venn\sub diagram 20: convex regions 20: periodic recurrences 20: polygons\sub Venn diagrams with 20: recurrences\sub periodic 21--25: sums\sub notations for 21--66: summation 21--66: sums 21: $\ldots\,$: ellipsis 21: Mathews 21: Seaver 21: ellipsis ($\cdots@$) 21: ellipsis ($\cdots@$)\sub advantage of 21: term 21: three-dots ($\cdots@$) notation 21: three-dots ($\cdots@$) notation\sub advantage of 22--25: $\sum$-notation 22--25: Sigma-notation 22--25: prime numbers\sub sum of reciprocals 22: $i$ 22: Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph 22: bound variables 22: free variables 22: index set 22: index variable 22: square root\sub of $-1$ 22: summand 23: $\approx$: approximates 23: Mertens\sub constant 23: properties 24--25: Iverson\sub convention 24--25: boundary conditions on sums\sub made easier 24--25: bracket notation\sub for true/false values 24--25: zero, not considered harmful 24--25: zero\sub strongly 24: Finetti, Bruno de 24: Iverson, Kenneth Eugene 24: Kronecker\sub delta notation 24: de Finetti, Bruno 24: efficiency, different notions of 24: empty sum 24: sums\sub empty 25--29: recurrences\sub and sums 25--29: sums\sub and recurrences 25: ellipsis ($\cdots@$)\sub advantage of 25: ellipsis ($\cdots@$)\sub disadvantage of 25: three-dots ($\cdots@$) notation\sub advantage of 25: three-dots ($\cdots@$) notation\sub disadvantage of 26--27: Hanoi 26--27: Tower of Hanoi 26: $\pi$ ($\approx3.14159$) 26: arithmetic progression\sub sum of 26: pi ($\approx3.14159$ 26: repertoire method\sub for sums 27--29: summation\sub factors 28--29: quicksort 28--29: sorting\sub quicksort 28: Hoare, Charles Antony Richard 29: harmonic numbers 29: violin string 30--31: arithmetic progression\sub sum of 30--31: changing the index of summation 30--31: summation\sub changing the index of 30: Gau{\ss} (= Gauss)\sub trick 30: arithmetic progression 30: associative law 30: commutative law 30: distributive law 30: index set 31: Alice 31: Carroll, Lewis (= Dodgson, Rev.~Charles Lutwidge) 31: Iverson\sub convention 31: commutative law\sub relaxed 32--33: geometric progression\sub sum of 32--33: perturbation method 32: geometric progression 32: name and conquer 33: calculus 33: derivative operator\sub with generating functions 34--41: double sums 34--41: interchanging the order of summation 34--41: multiple sums 34--41: summation\sub interchanging the order of 34--41: sums\sub multiple 34: Iverson\sub convention 34: index variable 34: properties 35: distributive law 36--41: summation\sub over triangular arrays 36--41: triangular array, summation over 36: candy 36: factorization of summation conditions 36: rocky road 36: vanilla 37: rocky road 38: Chebyshev, Pafnuti{\u\i} L'vovich 38: Chebyshev\sub monotonic inequalities 39: $\#$: cardinality 39: bijection 39: changing the index of summation 39: summation\sub changing the index of 41--46: squares, sum of consecutive 41--46: sums\sub of consecutive squares 41: harmonic numbers\sub sums of 41: sums\sub of harmonic numbers 42: Abramowitz, Milton 42: Hansen, Eldon Robert 42: Sloane, Neil James Alexander 42: Stegun, Irene Anne 42: Stengel 42: computer algebra 42: reference books 42: square pyramidal numbers 42: sums\sub of consecutive $m$th powers 43--44: perturbation method 43: Wapner, Joseph Albert 43: induction 43: inductive leap 43: mathematical induction 44--45: repertoire method\sub for sums 44: sums\sub of consecutive integers 45--46: integration 45: approximation\sub of sums by integrals 45: sums\sub approximation of, by integrals 46: double sums\sub considered useful 46: philosophy 47--49: derivative operator 47--55: $\Delta$: difference operator 47--55: difference operator 47--56: $\delta$ 47--56: calculus\sub finite and infinite 47--56: finite calculus 47: falling factorial powers 47: operators 47: operators\sub derivative ($D$) 47: operators\sub difference ($\Delta$) 48--49: indefinite summation 48: Euler 48: Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 48: Pochhammer, Leo 48: Pochhammer\sub symbol 48: anti-derivative operator 48: anti-difference operator 48: empty product 48: empty sum 48: falling factorial powers\sub difference of 48: integration 48: operators\sub anti-derivative ($\int$) 48: operators\sub anti-difference ($\sum$) 48: rising factorial powers 48: sums\sub empty 49--50: definite sums, analogous to definite integrals 49--50: summation\sub definite 49: notation\sub extension of 50--53: falling factorial powers\sub summation of 50: $\ldots\,$ 50: ellipsis ($\cdots@$)\sub advantage of 50: telescoping 50: three-dots ($\cdots@$) notation\sub advantage of 51: cubes, sum of consecutive 51: falling factorial powers\sub related to ordinary powers 51: squares 51: sums\sub of consecutive cubes 51: sums\sub of consecutive squares 52: exponents, laws of 52: falling factorial powers\sub negative 52: negative factorial powers 52: notation\sub extension of 53--54: ln: natural logarithm\sub discrete analog of 53--54: logarithms\sub discrete analog of 53--54: natural logarithm 53: falling factorial powers\sub difference of 53: harmonic numbers\sub analogous to logarithms 54--56: indefinite summation\sub by parts 54--56: summation\sub by parts 54: anti-difference operator 54: chain rule 54: exponential function, discrete analog of 54: geometric progression\sub sum of 54: integration\sub by parts 54: quicksort 54: sorting\sub quicksort 55: $E$: shift operator 55: operators\sub shift ($E$, $K$, $N$) 55: shift operator 56--62: infinite sums 56--62: summation\sub infinite 56--62: sums\sub infinite 56: harmonic numbers\sub sums using summation by parts 56: sums\sub of harmonic numbers 56: thinking\sub not at all 57: divergent sums 57: least upper bound 57: paradoxical sums 57: sums\sub paradoxical 58: Grandi, Luigi Guido 59: "self reference" 59: conditional convergence 59: convergence\sub conditional 59: doubly infinite sums 59: graffiti 59: infinite sums\sub doubly 59: sums\sub doubly infinite 60--62: absolute convergence 60--62: convergence\sub absolute 60--62: sums\sub absolutely convergent 60: distributive law 60: divergent sums 60: index variable 61: associative law 61: commutative law 61: double sums\sub infinite 61: index set 61: least upper bound 61: multiple sums 61: sums\sub multiple 62: harmonic series, divergence of 63: cubes 63: double sums\sub faulty use of 63: duality\sub between rising and falling powers 63: exponents 63: falling factorial powers\sub negative 63: falling factorial powers\sub related to rising powers 63: negative factorial powers 63: repertoire method\sub for sums 63: rising factorial powers\sub negative 63: rising factorial powers\sub related to falling powers 63: summation\sub by parts 63: sums\sub of consecutive cubes 64: $\Im$: imaginary part 64: $\Re$: real part 64: $\prod$-notation 64: Jacobi, Carl Gustav Jacob 64: Lagrange (= de la Grange)\sub identity 64: absolute convergence 64: absolute value of complex number 64: associative law 64: commutative law 64: complex numbers 64: convergence\sub absolute 64: distributive law
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