📄 format.c
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//======================================================================
//
// Formatx
//
// By Mark Russinovich
// Systems Internals
// http://www.sysinternals.com
//
// Format clone that demonstrates the use of the FMIFS file system
// utility library.
//
//======================================================================
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "..\fmifs.h"
#define _UNICODE 1
#include "tchar.h"
//
// Globals
//
BOOL Error = FALSE;
// switches
BOOL QuickFormat = FALSE;
DWORD ClusterSize = 0;
BOOL CompressDrive = FALSE;
BOOL GotALabel = FALSE;
PWCHAR Label = L"";
PWCHAR Drive = NULL;
PWCHAR Format = L"FAT";
WCHAR RootDirectory[MAX_PATH];
WCHAR LabelString[12];
//
// Functions in FMIFS.DLL
//
PFORMATEX FormatEx;
PENABLEVOLUMECOMPRESSION EnableVolumeCompression;
//
// Size array
//
typedef struct {
WCHAR SizeString[16];
DWORD ClusterSize;
} SIZEDEFINITION, *PSIZEDEFINITION;
SIZEDEFINITION LegalSizes[] = {
{ L"512", 512 },
{ L"1024", 1024 },
{ L"2048", 2048 },
{ L"4096", 4096 },
{ L"8192", 8192 },
{ L"16K", 16384 },
{ L"32K", 32768 },
{ L"64K", 65536 },
{ L"128K", 65536 * 2 },
{ L"256K", 65536 * 4 },
{ L"", 0 },
};
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// PrintWin32Error
//
// Takes the win32 error code and prints the text version.
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void PrintWin32Error( PWCHAR Message, DWORD ErrorCode )
{
LPVOID lpMsgBuf;
FormatMessageW( FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
NULL, ErrorCode,
MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
(PWCHAR) &lpMsgBuf, 0, NULL );
_tprintf(L"%s: %s\n", Message, lpMsgBuf );
LocalFree( lpMsgBuf );
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Usage
//
// Tell the user how to use the program
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
VOID Usage( PWCHAR ProgramName )
{
_tprintf(L"Usage: %s drive: [-FS:file-system] [-V:label] [-Q] [-A:size] [-C]\n\n");
_tprintf(L" [drive:] Specifies the drive to format.\n");
_tprintf(L" -FS:file-system Specifies the type of file system (e.g. FAT).\n");
_tprintf(L" -V:label Specifies volume label.\n");
_tprintf(L" -Q Performs a quick format.\n");
_tprintf(L" -A:size Overrides the default allocation unit size. Default settings\n");
_tprintf(L" are strongly recommended for general use\n");
_tprintf(L" NTFS supports 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16K, 32K, 64K.\n");
_tprintf(L" FAT supports 8192, 16K, 32K, 64K, 128K, 256K.\n");
_tprintf(L" NTFS compression is not supported for allocation unit sizes\n");
_tprintf(L" above 4096.\n");
_tprintf(L" -C Files created on the new volume will be compressed by\n");
_tprintf(L" default.\n");
_tprintf(L"\n");
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// ParseCommandLine
//
// Get the switches.
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
int ParseCommandLine( int argc, WCHAR *argv[] )
{
int i, j;
BOOLEAN gotFormat = FALSE;
BOOLEAN gotQuick = FALSE;
BOOLEAN gotSize = FALSE;
BOOLEAN gotLabel = FALSE;
BOOLEAN gotCompressed = FALSE;
for( i = 1; i < argc; i++ ) {
switch( argv[i][0] ) {
case '-':
case '/':
if( !wcsnicmp( &argv[i][1], L"FS:", 3 )) {
if( gotFormat) return -1;
Format = &argv[i][4];
gotFormat = TRUE;
} else if( !wcsnicmp( &argv[i][1], L"A:", 2 )) {
if( gotSize ) return -1;
j = 0;
while( LegalSizes[j].ClusterSize &&
wcsicmp( LegalSizes[j].SizeString, &argv[i][3] )) j++;
if( !LegalSizes[j].ClusterSize ) return i;
ClusterSize = LegalSizes[j].ClusterSize;
gotSize = TRUE;
} else if( !wcsnicmp( &argv[i][1], L"V:", 2 )) {
if( gotLabel ) return -1;
Label = &argv[i][3];
gotLabel = TRUE;
GotALabel = TRUE;
} else if( !wcsicmp( &argv[i][1], L"Q" )) {
if( gotQuick ) return -1;
QuickFormat = TRUE;
gotQuick = TRUE;
} else if( !wcsicmp( &argv[i][1], L"C" )) {
if( gotCompressed ) return -1;
CompressDrive = TRUE;
gotCompressed = TRUE;
} else return i;
break;
default:
if( Drive ) return i;
if( argv[i][1] != L':' ) return i;
Drive = argv[i];
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// FormatExCallback
//
// The file system library will call us back with commands that we
// can interpret. If we wanted to halt the chkdsk we could return FALSE.
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
BOOLEAN __stdcall FormatExCallback( CALLBACKCOMMAND Command, DWORD Modifier, PVOID Argument )
{
PDWORD percent;
PTEXTOUTPUT output;
PBOOLEAN status;
static createStructures = FALSE;
//
// We get other types of commands, but we don't have to pay attention to them
//
switch( Command ) {
case PROGRESS:
percent = (PDWORD) Argument;
_tprintf(L"%d percent completed.\r", *percent);
break;
case OUTPUT:
output = (PTEXTOUTPUT) Argument;
fprintf(stdout, "%s", output->Output);
break;
case DONE:
status = (PBOOLEAN) Argument;
if( *status == FALSE ) {
_tprintf(L"FormatEx was unable to complete successfully.\n\n");
Error = TRUE;
}
break;
}
return TRUE;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// LoadFMIFSEntryPoints
//
// Loads FMIFS.DLL and locates the entry point(s) we are going to use
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
BOOLEAN LoadFMIFSEntryPoints()
{
LoadLibrary( "fmifs.dll" );
if( !(FormatEx = (void *) GetProcAddress( GetModuleHandle( "fmifs.dll"),
"FormatEx" )) ) {
return FALSE;
}
if( !(EnableVolumeCompression = (void *) GetProcAddress( GetModuleHandle( "fmifs.dll"),
"EnableVolumeCompression" )) ) {
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// WMain
//
// Engine. Just get command line switches and fire off a format. This
// could also be done in a GUI like Explorer does when you select a
// drive and run a check on it.
//
// We do this in UNICODE because the chkdsk command expects PWCHAR
// arguments.
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
int wmain( int argc, WCHAR *argv[] )
{
int badArg;
DWORD media;
DWORD driveType;
WCHAR fileSystem[1024];
WCHAR volumeName[1024];
WCHAR input[1024];
DWORD serialNumber;
DWORD flags, maxComponent;
ULARGE_INTEGER freeBytesAvailableToCaller, totalNumberOfBytes, totalNumberOfFreeBytes;
_tprintf(L"\nFormatx v1.0 by Mark Russinovich\n");
_tprintf(L"Systems Internals - http://www.sysinternals.com\n\n");
//
// Get function pointers
//
if( !LoadFMIFSEntryPoints()) {
_tprintf(L"Could not located FMIFS entry points.\n\n");
return -1;
}
//
// Parse command line
//
if( (badArg = ParseCommandLine( argc, argv ))) {
_tprintf(L"Unknown argument: %s\n", argv[badArg] );
Usage(argv[0]);
return -1;
}
//
// Get the drive's format
//
if( !Drive ) {
_tprintf(L"Required drive parameter is missing.\n\n");
Usage( argv[0] );
return -1;
} else {
wcscpy( RootDirectory, Drive );
}
RootDirectory[2] = L'\\';
RootDirectory[3] = (WCHAR) 0;
//
// See if the drive is removable or not
//
driveType = GetDriveTypeW( RootDirectory );
if( driveType != DRIVE_FIXED ) {
_tprintf(L"Insert a new floppy in drive %C:\nand press Enter when ready...",
RootDirectory[0] );
fgetws( input, sizeof(input)/2, stdin );
media = FMIFS_FLOPPY;
}
//
// Determine the drive's file system format
//
if( !GetVolumeInformationW( RootDirectory,
volumeName, sizeof(volumeName)/2,
&serialNumber, &maxComponent, &flags,
fileSystem, sizeof(fileSystem)/2)) {
PrintWin32Error( L"Could not query volume", GetLastError());
return -1;
}
if( !GetDiskFreeSpaceExW( RootDirectory,
&freeBytesAvailableToCaller,
&totalNumberOfBytes,
&totalNumberOfFreeBytes )) {
PrintWin32Error( L"Could not query volume size", GetLastError());
return -1;
}
_tprintf(L"The type of the file system is %s.\n", fileSystem );
//
// Make sure they want to do this
//
if( driveType == DRIVE_FIXED ) {
if( volumeName[0] ) {
while(1 ) {
_tprintf(L"Enter current volume label for drive %C: ", RootDirectory[0] );
fgetws( input, sizeof(input)/2, stdin );
input[ wcslen( input ) - 1] = 0;
if( !wcsicmp( input, volumeName )) {
break;
}
_tprintf(L"An incorrect volume label was entered for this drive.\n");
}
}
while( 1 ) {
_tprintf(L"\nWARNING, ALL DATA ON NON_REMOVABLE DISK\n");
_tprintf(L"DRIVE %C: WILL BE LOST!\n", RootDirectory[0] );
_tprintf(L"Proceed with Format (Y/N)? " );
fgetws( input, sizeof(input)/2, stdin );
if( input[0] == L'Y' || input[0] == L'y' ) break;
if( input[0] == L'N' || input[0] == L'n' ) {
_tprintf(L"\n");
return 0;
}
}
media = FMIFS_HARDDISK;
}
//
// Tell the user we're doing a long format if appropriate
//
if( !QuickFormat ) {
if( totalNumberOfBytes.QuadPart > 1024*1024*10 ) {
_tprintf(L"Verifying %dM\n", (DWORD) (totalNumberOfBytes.QuadPart/(1024*1024)));
} else {
_tprintf(L"Verifying %.1fM\n",
((float)(LONGLONG)totalNumberOfBytes.QuadPart)/(float)(1024.0*1024.0));
}
} else {
if( totalNumberOfBytes.QuadPart > 1024*1024*10 ) {
_tprintf(L"QuickFormatting %dM\n", (DWORD) (totalNumberOfBytes.QuadPart/(1024*1024)));
} else {
_tprintf(L"QuickFormatting %.2fM\n",
((float)(LONGLONG)totalNumberOfBytes.QuadPart)/(float)(1024.0*1024.0));
}
_tprintf(L"Creating file system structures.\n");
}
//
// Format away!
//
FormatEx( RootDirectory, media, Format, Label, QuickFormat,
ClusterSize, FormatExCallback );
if( Error ) return -1;
_tprintf(L"Format complete.\n");
//
// Enable compression if desired
//
if( CompressDrive ) {
if( !EnableVolumeCompression( RootDirectory, TRUE )) {
_tprintf(L"Volume does not support compression.\n");
}
}
//
// Get the label if we don't have it
//
if( !GotALabel ) {
_tprintf(L"Volume Label (11 characters, Enter for none)? " );
fgetws( input, sizeof(LabelString)/2, stdin );
input[ wcslen(input)-1] = 0;
if( !SetVolumeLabelW( RootDirectory, input )) {
PrintWin32Error(L"Could not label volume", GetLastError());
return -1;
}
}
if( !GetVolumeInformationW( RootDirectory,
volumeName, sizeof(volumeName)/2,
&serialNumber, &maxComponent, &flags,
fileSystem, sizeof(fileSystem)/2)) {
PrintWin32Error( L"Could not query volume", GetLastError());
return -1;
}
//
// Print out some stuff including the formatted size
//
if( !GetDiskFreeSpaceExW( RootDirectory,
&freeBytesAvailableToCaller,
&totalNumberOfBytes,
&totalNumberOfFreeBytes )) {
PrintWin32Error( L"Could not query volume size", GetLastError());
return -1;
}
_tprintf(L"\n%I64d bytes total disk space.\n", totalNumberOfBytes.QuadPart );
_tprintf(L"%I64d bytes available on disk.\n", totalNumberOfFreeBytes.QuadPart );
//
// Get the drive's serial number
//
if( !GetVolumeInformationW( RootDirectory,
volumeName, sizeof(volumeName)/2,
&serialNumber, &maxComponent, &flags,
fileSystem, sizeof(fileSystem)/2)) {
PrintWin32Error( L"Could not query volume", GetLastError());
return -1;
}
_tprintf(L"\nVolume Serial Number is %04X-%04X\n", serialNumber >> 16,
serialNumber & 0xFFFF );
return 0;
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