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        rawping.cpp and ip_checksum.cpp modules.  Also got it to work
        under Borland C++.

    2/12/1998 - Fixed a problem with the checksum calculation.  Program
        works now.

    2/6/1998 - Created using Microsoft's "raw ping" sample in the Win32
        SDK as a model.  Not much remains of the original code.
***********************************************************************/</font>

<font color="0000ff"><strong>#include <font color="#008000">&lt;winsock2.h&gt;</font></strong></font>
<font color="0000ff"><strong>#include <font color="#008000">&lt;iostream.h&gt;</font></strong></font>

<font color="0000ff"><strong>#include <font color="#008000">&quot;rawping.h&quot;</font></strong></font>

<font color="0000ff"><strong>#define DEFAULT_PACKET_SIZE 32</strong></font>
<font color="0000ff"><strong>#define DEFAULT_TTL 30</strong></font>
<font color="0000ff"><strong>#define MAX_PING_DATA_SIZE 1024</strong></font>
<font color="0000ff"><strong>#define MAX_PING_PACKET_SIZE (MAX_PING_DATA_SIZE + sizeof(IPHeader))</strong></font>

<strong>int</strong> <font color="#2040a0">allocate_buffers</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">ICMPHeader</font><font color="4444FF">*</font><font color="4444FF">&amp;</font> <font color="#2040a0">send_buf</font>, <font color="#2040a0">IPHeader</font><font color="4444FF">*</font><font color="4444FF">&amp;</font> <font color="#2040a0">recv_buf</font>,
        <strong>int</strong> <font color="#2040a0">packet_size</font><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>


<font color="#444444">///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////</font>
<font color="#444444">// Program entry point</font>

<strong>int</strong> <font color="#2040a0">main</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><strong>int</strong> <font color="#2040a0">argc</font>, <strong>char</strong><font color="4444FF">*</font> <font color="#2040a0">argv</font><font color="4444FF">[</font><font color="4444FF">]</font><font color="4444FF">)</font>
<font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
    <font color="#444444">// Init some variables at top, so they aren't skipped by the</font>
    <font color="#444444">// cleanup routines.</font>
    <strong>int</strong> <font color="#2040a0">seq_no</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <font color="#2040a0">ICMPHeader</font><font color="4444FF">*</font> <font color="#2040a0">send_buf</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <font color="#2040a0">IPHeader</font><font color="4444FF">*</font> <font color="#2040a0">recv_buf</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>

    <font color="#444444">// Did user pass enough parameters?</font>
    <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">argc</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#FF0000">2</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
        <font color="#2040a0">cerr</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#008000">&quot;usage: &quot;</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#2040a0">argv</font><font color="4444FF">[</font><font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">]</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#008000">&quot; &lt;host&gt; [data_size] [ttl]&quot;</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font>
                <font color="#2040a0">endl</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
        <font color="#2040a0">cerr</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#008000">&quot;<font color="#77dd77">\t</font>data_size can be up to &quot;</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#2040a0">MAX_PING_DATA_SIZE</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font>
                <font color="#008000">&quot; bytes.  Default is &quot;</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#2040a0">DEFAULT_PACKET_SIZE</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#008000">&quot;.&quot;</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> 
                <font color="#2040a0">endl</font><font color="4444FF">;</font> 
        <font color="#2040a0">cerr</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#008000">&quot;<font color="#77dd77">\t</font>ttl should be 255 or lower.  Default is &quot;</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font>
                <font color="#2040a0">DEFAULT_TTL</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#008000">&quot;.&quot;</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#2040a0">endl</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
        <strong>return</strong> <font color="#FF0000">1</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>

    <font color="#444444">// Figure out how big to make the ping packet</font>
    <strong>int</strong> <font color="#2040a0">packet_size</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#2040a0">DEFAULT_PACKET_SIZE</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <strong>int</strong> <font color="#2040a0">ttl</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#2040a0">DEFAULT_TTL</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">argc</font> <font color="4444FF">&gt;</font> <font color="#FF0000">2</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
        <strong>int</strong> <font color="#2040a0">temp</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#2040a0">atoi</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">argv</font><font color="4444FF">[</font><font color="#FF0000">2</font><font color="4444FF">]</font><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
        <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">temp</font> <font color="4444FF">!</font><font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
            <font color="#2040a0">packet_size</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#2040a0">temp</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
        <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
        <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">argc</font> <font color="4444FF">&gt;</font> <font color="#FF0000">3</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
            <font color="#2040a0">temp</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#2040a0">atoi</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">argv</font><font color="4444FF">[</font><font color="#FF0000">3</font><font color="4444FF">]</font><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
            <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">temp</font> <font color="4444FF">&gt;</font><font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF">&amp;</font><font color="4444FF">&amp;</font> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">temp</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#FF0000">255</font><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
                <font color="#2040a0">ttl</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#2040a0">temp</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
            <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
        <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
    <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
    <font color="#2040a0">packet_size</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#2040a0">max</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><strong>sizeof</strong><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">ICMPHeader</font><font color="4444FF">)</font>, 
            <font color="#2040a0">min</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">MAX_PING_DATA_SIZE</font>, <font color="4444FF">(</font><strong>unsigned</strong> <strong>int</strong><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="#2040a0">packet_size</font><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>

    <font color="#444444">// Start Winsock up</font>
    <font color="#2040a0">WSAData</font> <font color="#2040a0">wsaData</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">WSAStartup</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">MAKEWORD</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#FF0000">2</font>, <font color="#FF0000">1</font><font color="4444FF">)</font>, <font color="4444FF">&amp;</font><font color="#2040a0">wsaData</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF">!</font><font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
        <font color="#2040a0">cerr</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#008000">&quot;Failed to find Winsock 2.1 or better.&quot;</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#2040a0">endl</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
        <strong>return</strong> <font color="#FF0000">1</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>

    <font color="#444444">// Set up for pinging</font>
    <font color="#2040a0">SOCKET</font> <font color="#2040a0">sd</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <font color="#2040a0">sockaddr_in</font> <font color="#2040a0">dest</font>, <font color="#2040a0">source</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">setup_for_ping</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">argv</font><font color="4444FF">[</font><font color="#FF0000">1</font><font color="4444FF">]</font>, <font color="#2040a0">ttl</font>, <font color="#2040a0">sd</font>, <font color="#2040a0">dest</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
        <strong>goto</strong> <font color="#2040a0">cleanup</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
    <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">allocate_buffers</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">send_buf</font>, <font color="#2040a0">recv_buf</font>, <font color="#2040a0">packet_size</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
        <strong>goto</strong> <font color="#2040a0">cleanup</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
    <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
    <font color="#2040a0">init_ping_packet</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">send_buf</font>, <font color="#2040a0">packet_size</font>, <font color="#2040a0">seq_no</font><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>

    <font color="#444444">// Send the ping and receive the reply</font>
    <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">send_ping</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">sd</font>, <font color="#2040a0">dest</font>, <font color="#2040a0">send_buf</font>, <font color="#2040a0">packet_size</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF">&gt;</font><font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
        <strong>while</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#FF0000">1</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
            <font color="#444444">// Receive replies until we either get a successful read,</font>
            <font color="#444444">// or a fatal error occurs.</font>
            <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">recv_ping</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">sd</font>, <font color="#2040a0">source</font>, <font color="#2040a0">recv_buf</font>, <font color="#2040a0">MAX_PING_PACKET_SIZE</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font>
                    <font color="#FF0000">0</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
                <font color="#444444">// Pull the sequence number out of the ICMP header.  If </font>
                <font color="#444444">// it's bad, we just complain, but otherwise we take </font>
                <font color="#444444">// off, because the read failed for some reason.</font>
                <strong>unsigned</strong> <strong>short</strong> <font color="#2040a0">header_len</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#2040a0">recv_buf</font><font color="4444FF">-</font><font color="4444FF">&gt;</font><font color="#2040a0">h_len</font> <font color="4444FF">*</font> <font color="#FF0000">4</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
                <font color="#2040a0">ICMPHeader</font><font color="4444FF">*</font> <font color="#2040a0">icmphdr</font> <font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">ICMPHeader</font><font color="4444FF">*</font><font color="4444FF">)</font>
                        <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><strong>char</strong><font color="4444FF">*</font><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="#2040a0">recv_buf</font> <font color="4444FF">+</font> <font color="#2040a0">header_len</font><font color="4444FF">)</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
                <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">icmphdr</font><font color="4444FF">-</font><font color="4444FF">&gt;</font><font color="#2040a0">seq</font> <font color="4444FF">!</font><font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="#2040a0">seq_no</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
                    <font color="#2040a0">cerr</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#008000">&quot;bad sequence number!&quot;</font> <font color="4444FF">&lt;</font><font color="4444FF">&lt;</font> <font color="#2040a0">endl</font><font color="4444FF">;</font>
                    <strong>continue</strong><font color="4444FF">;</font>
                <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
                <strong>else</strong> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
                    <strong>break</strong><font color="4444FF">;</font>
                <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
            <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
            <strong>if</strong> <font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">decode_reply</font><font color="4444FF">(</font><font color="#2040a0">recv_buf</font>, <font color="#2040a0">packet_size</font>, <font color="4444FF">&amp;</font><font color="#2040a0">source</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF">!</font><font color="4444FF">=</font> <font color="4444FF">-</font><font color="#FF0000">2</font><font color="4444FF">)</font> <font color="4444FF"><strong>{</strong></font>
                <font color="#444444">// Success or fatal error (as opposed to a minor error) </font>
                <font color="#444444">// so take off.</font>
                <strong>break</strong><font color="4444FF">;</font>
            <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
        <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>
    <font color="4444FF"><strong>}</strong></font>