babel.txt

电子辞典-编程中不可多得的E语电子专业词语翻译

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Subject:      File: "BABEL TXT"
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     UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU
     UU                                                  UU
     UU              BABEL:  A GLOSSARY OF               UU
     UU   COMPUTER ORIENTED ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS   UU
     UU                                                  UU
     UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU Version 98B UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

Copyright (C) 1989-1998  Irving Kind         All Rights Reserved

     First compiled when I became frustrated while reading magazine
articles, help wanted ads and equipment for sale brochures....all
pertaining to computers....where the following Abbreviations and
Acronyms were used and their meanings were either not known to me
or were not immediately available.  I have actually seen (or have
been told about) these combinations of letters used at one time or
another in magazines, newspapers, handbooks, etc.  They apply to
personal computers, multimedia, communications, programming,
networking, etc......you name it.  This glossary can never be
considered complete and that is why I now request your help.  Look
over the definitions and let me have your feedback.  If you have
ever seen letter combinations that you also did not understand,
please drop me a note at the address below.  Also, if you find any
errors, obsolete information or can suggest any additions or
deletions, they will be most welcome.  If you can help, you have my
thanks in advance.

     Keep BABEL on your computer or print it out and keep it on
your desk.  Either way, you will have an outstanding reference,
immediately available.  BABEL is revised three times a year, in
January, May and September so as to keep you up-to-date.  See
APPENDIX A for methods that may be used to download BABEL.

     Letter groups followed with " * " were used before 1965.  At
some of these, I have noted historical information.  For brief
interpretations of "smiley faces" and other informal expressions
used in electronic mail messages, see APPENDIX B.  For a partial
list of Country Domain Names, see APPENDIX C.

     BABEL is not public domain.  Permission is hereby granted to
any public institution to redistribute BABEL;  only in its entirety
and provided it is distributed without ANY modification, to also
include this opening page, copyright and version notices and format.
It may not be incorporated into any other document, or published,
or sold, without my express written permission.  Any questions
concerning these restrictions should only be made in writing.  Send
p-mail to address shown below.

     And please remember to ECAL.

         Irving Kind               Additions, Corrections or Comments:
         c/o K & D                  Send e-mail to: [e-mail]
         One Church Lane
         Baltimore, MD  21208

     Jan 1998 Version = 98A          Jan 1999 Version = 99A
     May 1998 Version = 98B          May 1999 Version = 99B
     Sep 1998 Version = 98C          Sep 1999 Version = 99C




     UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU
     UU                                                  UU
     UU              BABEL:  A GLOSSARY OF               UU
     UU   COMPUTER ORIENTED ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS   UU
     UU                                                  UU
     UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU Version 98B UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

Copyright (C) 1989-1998  Irving Kind        All Rights Reserved


AA        Auto Answer
AAB       All-to-All Broadcast
AAL       Asynchronous Transfer Mode Adaption Layer
AAP       Applications Access Point [DEC]
AAS       All-to-All Scatter
AASP      ASCII Asynchronous Support Package
AAT       Average Access Time
ABC    *  Atanasoff-Berry Computer  (First digital calculating
          machine that used vacuum tubes)
ABEND     Abnormal End
ABI       Application Binary Interface
ABIOS     Advanced BIOS
ABIST     Automatic Built-In Self-Test [IBM]
ABLE      Adaptive Battery Life Extender
ABR       Available Bit Rate
ABRS      Automated Book Request System [British Library]
ABS       Address Book Synchronization [IBM] + Absolute
ABT       Abort
ABTS      ASCII Block Terminal Services
AC        Autocheck + Automatic Computer + Alternating Current
ACAP      Application Configuration Access Protocol
ACC       Accumulator
ACD       Automatic Call Distribution
ACDI      Asynchronous Communications Device Interface
ACE       Access Control Entry +
          Advanced Computing Environment [SCO] +
          Adverse Channel Enhancements [Microcom] +
       *  Automatic Computing Engine
ACF       Access Control Field + Advanced Communications Function
ACH       Automated Clearing House
ACIAS     Automated Calibration Interval Analysis System
ACIS      American Committee for Interoperable Systems
ACK       Acknowledgment
ACL       Access Control List
ACM       Association for Computing Machinery +
          Audio Compression Manager [Microsoft]
ACMS      Application Control Management System
ACP       Ancillary Control Program + Auxilary Control Process
ACPI      Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
ACR       Allowed Cell Rate
ACROSS    Automated Cargo Release and Operations Service System
ACS       Access + Access Control Set + Access Control System +
        * Advanced Computer System [IBM] +
          Asynchronous Communication Server
ACTS      Automated Computer Time Service
ACTT      Advanced Communication and Timekeeping Technology [Seiko]
ACU       Automatic Calling Unit
A/D       Analog to Digital
ADA       Automatic Data Acquisitions +
          (Programming Language named after Augusta Ada Lovelace)
ADB       Apple Desktop Bus
ADC       Adaptive Data Compression (protocol) [Hayes] +
          Add with Carry + Analog to Digital Converter
ADCCP     Advanced Data Communication Control Procedures
ADD       Automatic Document Detection [WordPerfect]
ADF       Automatic Document Feeder +
          Automatically Defined Function
.ADF      Adapter Description File (file name extension) [IBM]
ADI       AutoCad/AutoDesk Device Interface (driver)
ADL       Address Data Latch
ADLAT     Adaptive Lattice Filter
ADLC      Adaptive Lossless Data Compression [IBM] +
          Asynchronous Data Link Control
ADMACS    Apple Document Management And Control System
ADMD      Administrative Management Domain [X.400]
.ADN      Add In Utility (file name extension) [Lotus 1-2-3] [LDC]
ADO       Active Data Objects
ADP       Automatic Data Processing
ADPCM     Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation
ADR       Address
ADS       Application Development Solutions [AT&T] +
          Application Development System +
          Automatic Distribution System
ADSC      Address Status Changed +
          Adobe Document Structuring Conventions
ADSI      Analog Display Services Interface
ADSL      Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
ADSP      Apple Datastream Protocol
ADSR      Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release
ADT       Abstract Data Type + Application Data Types
ADU       Automatic Dialing Unit
AE        Above or Equal
AEB       Analog Expansion Bus [Dialogic]
AEC       Architecture, Engineering, Construction
AESA      ATM End System Address
AF        Auxiliary carry Flag
AFA       Accelerated File Access
AFC       Automatic Font Change + Automatic Frequency Control
AFD       Automatic File Distribution
AFDW      Active Framework for Data Warehousing [Microsoft]
AFI       Authority and Format Identifier
AFII      Association for Font Information Interchange
AFIRM     Automated Fingerprint Image Reporting and Match
AFIS      Automated Fingerprint Identification System
.AFM      Adobe Font Metrics (file name extension) [Adobe Systems]
AFP       Advanced Function Presentation [IBM] +
          Appletalk Filing Protocol [Macintosh]
AFS       Andrew File System (protocols)
AFTP      Anonymous File Transfer Protocol
AGA       Advanced Graphics Adapter
AGC       Automatic Gain Control
AGP       Accelerated/Advanced Graphics Port
AGRAS     Antiglare-Antireflective-Antistatic
AGU       Address-Generation Unit
AHS       Automated Highway Systems
AI        Analog Input + Artificial Intelligence
AIA       Applications Integration Architecture [DEC]
AIC       AIXwindows Interface Composer [IBM]
AIF       Audio Interchange Format
AIIM      Association for Information and Image Management
AIN       Advanced Intelligent Network [Bell Atlantic]
AIS       Automated Identification System [NCIC]
AISB      Association of Imaging Service Bureaus
AISP      Association of Information Systems Professionals
AIT       Advanced Intelligent Tape (drive) [Sony]
AIX       Advanced Interactive Executive [IBM]
ALC       Arithmetic and Logic Circuits + Automatic Level Control
ALE       Address Latch Enable +
          Application Linking and Embedding
ALGOL     Algorithmic Oriented Language (see IAL)
ALIBI     Adaptive Location of Internetworked Bases of Information
ALINK     Active Link [HTML]
ALIWEB    Archie Like Indexing in the Web [Internet]
ALN       Asynchronous Learning Network
ALR       Advanced Logic Research, Inc.
ALT       Alternate (mode)
ALT.      Alternate lifestyle [USENET Newsgroup Category]
ALU       Arithmetic Logic Unit
AMA       Automatic Message Accounting
AMANDDA   Automated Messaging and Directory Assistance
AMD       Active Matrix Display + Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
AMI       American Megatrends, Inc.
AMMA      Advanced Memory Management Architecture [Everex Systems]
AMPS      Advanced Mobile Phone Service
ANCOVA    Analysis of Covariance
ANDF      Architecture-Neutral Distribution Format
ANI       Automatic Number Identification
.ANI      Animated Cursor (file name extension) [Microsoft]
ANN       Artificial Neural Network
.ANN      Annotations (file name extension) [IBM]
ANOVA     Analysis Of Variance
ANSI      American National Standards Institute
ANX       Automotive Network Exchange [Chrysler/Ford/General Motors]
AO        Analog Output
AOCE      Apple Open Collaboration Environment
AO/DI     Always On/Dynamic ISDN
AOE       Application Operating Environment [AT&T]
AOL       America Online
AOS       Add Or Subtract
AP        Adjunct Processor + Application Processor
A/P       Accounts Payable
APA       Adaptive Packet Assembly +
          All Points Addressable +
          Arithmetic Processing Accelerator
APAR      Authorized Program Analysis Report [IBM]
APAREN    Address Parity Enable [IBM]
APCUG     Association of PC User Groups
API       Application Program Interface
APIC      Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (bus) [Intel]
APIS      Advanced Passenger Information System
APL     * A Programming Language (Mathematics)
APM       Advanced Power Management [IBM]
APNIC     Asia-Pacific Network Information Center [Internet]
APOP      Authenticated Post Office Protocol
.APP      Application (file name extension) [R:Base]
APPC      Advanced Program-to-Program Communications [IBM]
APPI      Advanced Peer-to-Peer Internetworking
APPLETS   Applications
APPN      Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking [IBM]
APPS      Applications
APRP      Adaptive Pattern Recognition Processing
APS       Advanced Photo System + Advanced Printing Service [IBM]
          Asynchronous Protocol Specification
APSE      ADA Programming Support Environment
APT       Address Pass Through +
          Advanced Parallel Technology +
          Automatically Programmed Tools
A/R       Accounts Receivable
ARA       AppleTalk Remote Access
ARAG      Antireflective-Antiglare
ARAS      Antireflective-Antistatic
.ARC      Archive (file name extension)
ARCA      Advanced RISC Computing Architecture
ARCnet    Attached Resource Computer Network
.ARJ      Compressed File (file name extension) [Jung]
ARL       Adjusted Ring Length
ARLL      Advanced Run Length Limited
ARM       Advanced RISC Machine (processor) +
          Annotated Reference Manual +
          Asynchronous Response Mode
ARMA      Association of Records Managers and Administrators
ARP       Address Resolution Protocol [Novell]
ARPANET   Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
ARPL      Adjust Requested Privilege Level
ARTA      Apple Real Time Architecture
ARTIC     A Real-Time Interface Coprocessor [IBM]
ARTS      Asynchronous Remote Takeover Server
.ARTS     Cultural Groups (Domain Name) [Internet]
ARTT      Asynchronous Remote Takeover Terminal
ARQ       Automatic Repeat Request
ARU       Audio Response Unit
AS        Autonomous System [Internet]
ASAI      Adjunct Switch Application Interface [AT&T]
ASAP      As Soon As Possible +
          Automatic Switching And Processing
AS3AP     ANSI SQL Standard Scalable and Portable
.ASC      ASCII text (file name extension)
ASCC    * Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator [IBM]
ASCII     American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASF       Active Streaming Format [Microsoft]
ASIC      Application-Specific Integrated Circuit
ASIT      Advanced Security and Identification Technology
ASL       Adaptive Speed Levelling
ASLM      Apple Shared Library Manager [Macintosh]
.ASM      Assembler Source Language (file name extension)
ASMP      Asymmetric Multiprocessing
ASN       Abstract Syntax Notation + Autonomous System Number
ASO       Automated Systems Operations
ASP       Active Server Page [Microsoft] +
          Authorized Service Provider +
          Association of Shareware Professionals
.ASP      Active Server Page (file name extension)
ASPI      Advanced SCSI Programming Interface [Adaptec]
ASPS      Advanced Signal Processing System
ASR       Address Space Register + Automatic Send-Receive +
          Automatic Speech Recognition
AST       AST Research, Inc. (named from first initials of the