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online courses</a></font><br x="7"><img src="imagemaster/masthead.jpg" alt="Building a Java chat server"></td><td width="*" valign="bottom" align="right"><a border="0" href="j-chat.zip"><img alt="Download tutorial zip file" border="0" src="../i/icon-zip.gif"></a><a border="0" href="j-chat-ltr.pdf"><img alt="View letter-sized PDF file" border="0" src="../i/icon-pdf-ltr.gif"></a><a border="0" href="j-chat-a4.pdf"><img alt="View A4-sized PDF file" border="0" src="../i/icon-pdf-a4.gif"></a><a href="javascript:void newWindow()" border="0"><img alt="E-mail this tutorial to a friend" border="0" src="../i/icon-email.gif"></a></td></tr><tr><td height="2" colspan="2"><img height="2" width="1" src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></td></tr></table><TABLE border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><TR><TD width="150" height="1" bgcolor="#000000" colspan="6"><IMG alt="" height="1" width="150" src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD></TR><TR><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><a border="0" href="index.html" onMouseOver="iOver('topmain'); iOver('bottommain'); self.status=mainblurb; return true;" onMouseOut="iOut('topmain'); iOut('bottommain'); self.status=''; return true;"><img alt="Main menu" border="0" src="../i/main.gif" name="topmain"></a></TD><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><a border="0" onMouseOver="iOver('topsection'); iOver('bottomsection'); self.status=sectionblurb; return true;" onMouseOut="iOut('topsection'); iOut('bottomsection'); self.status=''; return true;" href="index6.html"><img alt="Section menu" border="0" src="../i/section.gif" name="topsection"></a></TD><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><a border="0" onMouseOver="iOver('topfeedback'); iOver('bottomfeedback'); self.status=feedbackblurb; return true;" onMouseOut="iOut('topfeedback'); iOut('bottomfeedback'); self.status=''; return true;" href="j-chat-11-3.html"><img alt="Give feedback on this tutorial" border="0" src="../i/feedback.gif" name="topfeedback"></a></TD><TD width="100%" background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><img src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><img border="0" src="../i/xprevious.gif"></TD><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><a border="0" onMouseOver="iOver('topnext'); iOver('bottomnext'); self.status=nextblurb; return true;" onMouseOut="iOut('topnext'); iOut('bottomnext'); self.status=''; return true;" href="j-chat-6-2.html"><img alt="Next" border="0" src="../i/next.gif" name="topnext"></a></TD></TR></TABLE><table bgcolor="ffffff" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" height="400" width="100%"><tr valign="bottom"><a name="navskip"></a><td height="25" colspan="4"><img border="0" height="25" width="562" src="imagemaster/titlebar6.jpg" alt="6. The While-Read/Write loop (Server side)"></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="ffffff" width="15">&nbsp;</td><td bgcolor="ffffff" width="12">&nbsp;</td><td valign="top" align="left" bgcolor="ffffff" width="*"><p><br x="7"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"><tr><td width="90%"><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><b>The communications protocol</b></font></td><td width="200" align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><nobr>    page 1 of 2</nobr></font></td></tr></table><br x="7"><br x="7"></p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><p>Now that we've gotten to the point where we're going to be talking to
the client, we should talk a little bit about our communication
protocol.</p><p>Every client/server system has a communications protocol, which is
nothing more than the format you use to send the data back and forth.
The protocol can be so simple it hardly deserves the title of protocol,
or it can be a sophisticated standard that has been ratified by
consortia all over the world. Either way, it's a protocol.</p><p>We're going to create our own protocol, because in the Java language it's very easy
to do, and because there's little for us to gain from using an
existing standard. Our protocol will be very simple.</p><p>The Java language has a pair of extremely useful classes called DataInputStream and
DataOutputStream. These classes allow you to read and write low-level
data objects (like integers and strings) to a stream, without having
to consider the format in which they are written. Because these
classes use the same format, and because this format doesn't change,
you can be sure that an integer written to a DataOutputStream will be
properly read from the DataInputStream at the other end.</p><p>So our protocol will be this: 
<ul><li>When a user types something into their chat window, their message will be sent as
a string through a DataOutputStream.<br x="7"><br x="7"></li><li>When the server receives a message, through a DataInputStream, it will send this same message to all users, again as a string through a DataOutputStream.<br x="7"><br x="7"></li><li>The users will use a DataInputStream to receive the message.</li></ul></p><p>And that's it!</p><br x="7"></font></td></tr></table><TABLE border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><TR><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><a border="0" href="index.html" onMouseOver="iOver('topmain'); iOver('bottommain'); self.status=mainblurb; return true;" onMouseOut="iOut('topmain'); iOut('bottommain'); self.status=''; return true;"><img alt="Main menu" border="0" src="../i/main.gif" name="bottommain"></a></TD><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><a border="0" onMouseOver="iOver('topsection'); iOver('bottomsection'); self.status=sectionblurb; return true;" onMouseOut="iOut('topsection'); iOut('bottomsection'); self.status=''; return true;" href="index6.html"><img alt="Section menu" border="0" src="../i/section.gif" name="bottomsection"></a></TD><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><a border="0" onMouseOver="iOver('topfeedback'); iOver('bottomfeedback'); self.status=feedbackblurb; return true;" onMouseOut="iOut('topfeedback'); iOut('bottomfeedback'); self.status=''; return true;" href="j-chat-11-3.html"><img alt="Give feedback on this tutorial" border="0" src="../i/feedback.gif" name="bottomfeedback"></a></TD><TD width="100%" background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><img src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><img border="0" src="../i/xprevious.gif"></TD><TD background="../i/sw-gold.gif"><a border="0" onMouseOver="iOver('topnext'); iOver('bottomnext'); self.status=nextblurb; return true;" onMouseOut="iOut('topnext'); iOut('bottomnext'); self.status=''; return true;" href="j-chat-6-2.html"><img alt="Next" border="0" src="../i/next.gif" name="bottomnext"></a></TD></TR><TR><TD width="150" height="1" bgcolor="#000000" colspan="6"><IMG alt="" height="1" width="150" src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD></TR></TABLE><TABLE cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0"><TR><TD width="182"><TABLE cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="182"><TR bgcolor="#000000"><TD align="center" width="60" class="mast"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #ffffff;" class="nav" href="http://www.ibm.com/privacy/"><font face="Arial, Verdana" size="2">Privacy</font></a></TD><TD width="1" bgcolor="#959595"><img alt="" border="0" height="20" width="1" src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD><TD align="center" width="60" class="mast"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #ffffff;" class="nav" href="http://www.ibm.com/legal/"><font face="Arial, Verdana" size="2">Legal</font></a></TD><TD width="1" bgcolor="#959595"><img alt="" border="0" height="20" width="1" src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD><TD align="center" width="60" class="mast"><a style="text-decoration: none; color: #ffffff;" class="nav" href="http://www.ibm.com/contact/"><font face="Arial, Verdana" size="2">Contact</font></a></TD><TD width="1" bgcolor="#959595"><img alt="" border="0" height="21" width="1" src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD></TR><TR bgcolor="#ffffff"><TD><img alt="" border="0" height="1" width="1" src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD></TR></TABLE></TD><TD width="100%"><TABLE cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"><TR height="21" bgcolor="#000000"><TD><img alt="" border="0" height="21" width="1" src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD></TR><TR bgcolor="#ffffff"><TD><img alt="" border="0" height="1" width="1" src="http://www.ibm.com/i/c.gif"></TD></TR></TABLE></TD></TR></TABLE></body></html>