grc.txt

来自「cc65 的编译器文档」· 文本 代码 · 共 232 行

    grc - GEOS resource compiler

    Maciej 'YTM/Elysium' Witkowiak
    <[e-mail]>

    VII 2000
    VI,VII 2002




1. Overview
-----------

grc is a part of cc65's GEOS support. This tool is necessary to generate
required and optional resources. A required resource for every GEOS app is the
header, that is: icon, some strings and addresses. Optional resources might be
menu definitions, other headers (e.g. for data files of an app), dialogs
definitions etc. Without application header GEOS is unable to load and start
it.

Currently, grc supports only menus and required header definition as long with
support for building VLIR structured files.

grc generates output in three formats - as C header, ca65 source (.s) and for
linking VLIR - ld65 configuration file. This is because application header data
must be in assembler format while menu definitions can be easily translated
into C. The purpose of C file is to include it as header in only one project
file. Assembler source should be processed with ca65 and linked as first object
(read Building process below). VLIR structure is currently supported only for
project written entirely in assembler.

grc can be also used as a handy VLIR linker used to build VLIR-structured .cvt
file out of prepared binary chains.

2. Usage
--------

grc accepts following options:
    -f 		force writting output files
    -o name	name C output file
    -s name	name S output file
    -l name     name ld65 output file
    -h		help

when used as VLIR linker the correct syntax is:
 grc -vlir output.cvt header.bin vlir0.bin vlir1.bin...

Default output names are made from input name with extension replaced by '.h'
and '.s'. grc will not overwrite existing files unless forced to do so.
This is to avoid situation where you have test.c and test.grc files. Both would
make output into test.s. For this reason you should name your resources files
differently than sources, e.g. as resource.grc or apphead.grc.


3. Resource file format
-----------------------

A resource file has name extension '.grc'. This is not required, but it will
make easier recognition of file purpose. Also cl65 recognizes these files.
Parser is very weak at the moment so read the comments carefully and write
resources exactly as it is written here. Look out for CAPS and small letters.
Everything after a ';' till the end of line is considered as comment and
ignored.
See included commented example .grc file for better view of the problem.


a) menu definition

MENU menuName leftx,topy ORIENTATION
{
    "item name 1" MENU_TYPE pointer
    ...
    "item name x" MENU_TYPE pointer
}

The definition starts with keyword MENU, then goes menu name, which will be
represented in C as const void. Then are coordinates of top left corner
of menu box. The position of bottom right corner is estimated basing on length
of item names and menu orientation. It means that menu box will be always
as large as it should be. Then there's orientation keyword, it can be either
HORIZONTAL or VERTICAL.
Between { and } there's menu content. It consists of item definitions.
First is item name - it has to be in quotes. Next is menu type bit. It can
be MENU_ACTION or SUB_MENU, both can be combined with DYN_SUB_MENU bit
(see GEOSLib documentation for description of these). You can use C logical
operators in expressions but you have to do it without spaces, so dynamically
created submenu will be something like:

    "dynamic" SUB_MENU|DYN_SUB_MENU create_dynamic

The last part of the item definition is a pointer which can be any name which
is present in source that includes generated header. It can point to a function
or to another menu definition.

If you are doing sub(sub)menus definitions remember to place the lowest level
definition first and top lever menu as the last one. This way C compiler won't
complain about unknown names.


b) header definition

HEADER GEOS_TYPE "dosname" "classname" "version"
{
    author "Joe Schmoe"
    info   "This is my killer-app!"
    date   yy mm dd hh ss
    dostype SEQ
    mode    any
    structure SEQ
}

Header definition describes GEOS header sector which is unique to each file.
Currently there's no way to change default grc icon (an empty frame). It will
be possible in next versions.
The definition starts with keyword HEADER, then goes GEOS file type. You can
only use APPLICATION here at the moment. Then there are (all in quotes) DOS
filename (up to 16 characters), GEOS Class name (up to 12 characters) and
version info (up to 4 characters). Version should be written as "Vx.y" where
x is the major and y the minor version number. These fields along with both
brackets are required. Data between brackets is optional and will be replaced
by default and current values.
Keyword 'author' and value in quotes describes Author field and can be up to
63 bytes long.
Info (in the same format) can have up to 95 characters.
If 'date' field will be ommited then the time of compilation will be placed.
Note that if you do specify the date you have to write all 5 numbers.
Dostype can by SEQ, PRG or USR. USR is by default, GEOS doesn't care.
Mode can be 'any', '40only', '80only', 'c64only' and describes system
requirements. 'any' will work both on GEOS64 and GEOS128 in 40 and 80 column
modes. '40only' will work on GEOS128 in 40 column mode only. '80only' will
work only on GEOS128 and 'c64only' will work only on GEOS64.
The default value for 'structure' is SEQ (sequential). You can also put 'VLIR'
there but then you have also to place third type of resources - VLIR table
description.


c) VLIR table description

VLIR headname address {
    vlir0
    blank
    vlir2
    blank
    vlir4
}

The first element is keyword 'VLIR', then goes the name for header binary name
(read below) and base address for all VLIR chains diffrent than 0. It can be
either decimal (e.g. '4096') or hexadecimal with '0x' prefix (e.g. '0x1000').
Then between brackets are names of vlir chain binaries or keyword 'blank' which
denotes empty chains. In this example chains #1 and #3 are missing.
The names between brackets are names of binaries containing code for each VLIR
part. They matter only for generated ld65 configuration file and will be the
names of resulting binary files after linking. Each one will contain one VLIR
chain and they will have to be put together into VLIR .cvt by grc in VLIR linker
modey in correct order.
The 'headname' will be the name for binary which will contain only GEOS .cvt
header made out of compiling .s header file generated also by grc.
At the end of resulting ld65 config file (.cfg) in comments there will be
information what commands are required for putting the stuff together. Read
info below and see example somewhere around.


4. Building GEOS application (SEQUENTIAL)
----------------------------

Before proceeding please read cc65, ca65 and ld65 documentation and find
appropriate sections about compiling programs in general.

GEOS support in cc65 is based on well-known in GEOS world Convert v2.5 format.
It means that each file built with cc65 package has to unconverted before
running.

Each project consists of four parts, two are provided by cc65. These parts are:

a) application header
b) main object
c) application objects
d) system library

b) and d) are with cc65, you have to write application yourself ;)

Application header is defined in HEADER section of .grc file and processed
into assembler .s file. You have to compile it with ca65 to object .o format.


4a. Building GEOS application without cl65
-----------------------------------------

Assume that there are three input files: test.c (a C source), test.h (a header
file) and resource.grc (with menu and header definition). Note the fact that I
DON'T RECOMMEND naming this file test.grc, because you will have to be very
careful with names (grc will make test.s and test.h out of test.grc by default
and you don't want that, because test.s is compiled test.c and test.h is
something completely different).

Important thing - the top of test.c looks like:

--- cut here ---

#include <geos.h>
#include "resource.h"

--- cut here ---

There are no other includes.

1. First step - compiling resources:

$ grc resource.grc

will produce two output files: resource.h and resource.s

Note that resource.h is included at the top of test.c so resource compiling
must be the first step.

2. Second step - compiling the code:

$ cc65 -t geos -O test.c
$ ca65 -t geos test.s

This way you have test.o object file which contains all the executable code.

3. Third step - compiling the application header

$ ca65 -t geos resource.s

And voil