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<title>人工智能</title>
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<div style='text-align:right;position:absolute;top:92.0%;left:72.65%;
width:18.91%;height:3.0%'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:58%;mso-field-code:meta16'>97</span><span
style='font-size:58%;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'> </span></div>
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<div style='position:absolute;top:6.75%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:6.25%'><span
style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;
font-size:133%'>6.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>归纳与非单调推理 </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:13.5%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:4.75%'> </div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:18.5%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:5.25%'>归纳推理是非单调的<span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>. </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:24.25%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:4.75%'><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
display:none'> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:28.75%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:5.75%'><span
style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>给定</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>:<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>一个不完全知识集 </span><span
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>G</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>; </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:34.0%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:5.75%'><span
style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>发现</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>:<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>假设 </span><span style='font-family:
Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>Y</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>, 使得 </span><span style='font-family:
Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>G</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'><i> </i></span><span style='font-family:
Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>Þ</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'><i> </i></span><span style='font-family:
Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>Y</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>.<span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">
</span> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:40.25%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:4.75%'><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
display:none'> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:44.75%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:5.75%'><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>给定: </span><span
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>a</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'><i>, </i></span><span
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>b</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>; </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:50.0%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:5.75%'><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>发现: </span><span
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>a</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'><i> </i></span><span style='font-family:
Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>®</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'><i> </i></span><span style='font-family:
Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>b</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>. </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:56.25%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:4.75%'><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
display:none'> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:60.75%;left:7.49%;width:88.57%;height:5.75%'><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>对泛化问题,就是从不完全知识域
</span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:
"Courier New";mso-char-type:symbol'><i>G</i></span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'> </span><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>生成泛化假设 </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:66.75%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:4.75%'><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
display:none'> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:71.25%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:5.75%'><span
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>Y</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'><i>={</i></span><span
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
mso-char-type:symbol'><i>a®b</i></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'><i>}. </i></span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:77.5%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:4.75%'><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
display:none'> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:82.0%;left:7.49%;width:94.0%;height:5.75%'><span
style='mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>这样,
基于非单调逻辑(推广限制),可形式地定义 </span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";mso-char-type:symbol'><i>Þ</i></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"'>.
</span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:88.25%;left:7.49%;width:87.45%;height:4.75%'><span
style='mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'> </span></div>
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