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<title>人工智能</title>
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<div style='text-align:right;position:absolute;top:92.0%;left:72.65%;
width:18.91%;height:3.0%'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-size:58%;mso-field-code:meta16'>14</span><span
style='font-size:58%;mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'> </span></div>
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<div style='position:absolute;top:3.5%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:6.75%'><span
style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;
font-size:133%'>2.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>谓词演算</span><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-size:133%'>(</span><span style='font-size:133%'>一阶逻辑</span><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
font-size:133%'>)</span> </div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:11.0%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:4.75%'> </div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:16.0%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:5.25%'><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span
style='font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体'>命题逻辑</span><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>:
</span>一阶逻辑的特殊情形<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>. </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:21.75%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:4.75%'><span
style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>(一阶)语言 </span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>L </i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-language:
ZH-CN'>:</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;display:
none'> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:26.5%;left:5.8%;width:110.11%;height:5.25%'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span></span>给定一个概念化<span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
</span>形式化知识就是把知识表达成一个适合于 </div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:32.0%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:5.25%'>概念化的语言中的句子<span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>. </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:37.75%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:4.75%'> </div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:43.0%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:4.75%'><span
style='font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体'>词汇</span> </div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:48.25%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:4.75%'> </div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:53.25%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:5.25%'>字符<span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:58.5%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:5.25%'><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun:
yes">
</span></span>符号<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>(</span>非逻辑符<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>)<span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span></span>对象<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>a, b,
c, ...</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;
display:none'> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:63.75%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:5.25%'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">
</span></span>常元<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </span></span>函数<span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>f, g, h, ... </i></span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:69.25%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:5.25%'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">
</span></span>关系<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>p, q, r, ...</i></span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;display:none'> </span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:74.5%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:5.25%'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">
</span></span>变元<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>x, y, z, ... </i></span></div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:79.5%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:5.75%'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">
</span></span>逻辑符<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'>Ø</span><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
</span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'>Ù</span><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
</span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'>Ú</span><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
</span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'>®</span><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
</span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'>«</span><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
</span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'>"</span><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
</span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'>$</span> </div>
<div style='position:absolute;top:85.25%;left:5.8%;width:91.76%;height:5.25%'><span
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun:
yes">
</span></span>技术性符号<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>(, )</span></div>
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