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📁 人工智能的教材啊
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<title>人工智能</title>
<meta name=Description content="2000/3/13">
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 <div style='text-align:right;position:absolute;top:92.0%;left:72.65%;
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 <div style='position:absolute;top:6.25%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:6.25%'><span
 style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:黑体;mso-fareast-font-family:黑体;
 font-size:133%'>5.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>限制&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:13.0%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:4.75%'>&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:17.75%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:5.25%'>限制逻辑<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>CIRC</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>（简称限制，</span><span lang=EN-US
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>circumscription)&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:23.25%;left:3.55%;width:110.11%;height:5.25%'>基本思想：<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span>从某些事实<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman"'> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>A</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>出发能够推出具有某一性质<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span lang=EN-US
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>P</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN'> </span>的对象&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:28.5%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:5.25%'>就是满足性质<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>P</i></span><span lang=EN-US
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>的全部对象<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>. (Occam </span>原则<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>)&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:34.25%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:4.75%'>&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:39.5%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:4.75%'><b>优先语义&#13;</b></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:44.5%;left:3.55%;width:114.98%;height:5.25%'>基本思想<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>:
 </span>对单调逻辑的模型进行一定的优先选择来定义语义后承<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>.&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:50.25%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:4.75%'>&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:55.25%;left:3.55%;width:110.29%;height:5.25%'>若<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>A |=ps C</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>, </span>由于对<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span lang=EN-US
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>A</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN'> </span>的模型有一定的优先选择<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>(</span>优先模型<span style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>), </span>例如&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:60.0%;left:3.55%;width:113.85%;height:5.75%'>选择<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>A</i></span><span lang=EN-US
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>的模型的某些子集作为它的优先模型<span style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, </span>则满足<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>A </i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-char-type:
 symbol'><i>&Ugrave;</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i> B</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>的模型&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:65.25%;left:3.55%;width:103.18%;height:5.75%'>不一定就是<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><i>
 A</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>的优先模型<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
 </span>因此<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman"'> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>A </i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-char-type:
 symbol'><i>&Ugrave;</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i> B |&#8225;ps
 C</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>, </span>即有非单调性<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>.&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:71.5%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:4.75%'>&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:76.5%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:5.25%'>注意<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>:
 </span>对比单调逻辑的定义<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman"'>.&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:82.25%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:4.75%'>&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:87.0%;left:3.55%;width:95.88%;height:5.25%'>限制是一种极小化推理<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
 </span>以极小化作为优先性<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman"'>. </span></div>
 </div>
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