slide0087.htm

人工智能的教材啊

 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>(</span>称为<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>D</i></span><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span>的公理<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman"'>), </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>D</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>是一个缺省规则集<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, </span>每个<span style='font-family:
 仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312'>缺省</span><span style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>(</span>规则<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>)
 </span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>d&Icirc;</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>D</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN'> &#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:44.5%;left:6.74%;width:91.38%;height:5.25%'>为如下形式的表达式<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>:&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:49.25%;left:6.74%;width:91.38%;height:5.75%'><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
 style="mso-spacerun:
 yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>a</i></span><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><i>(x):</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-char-type:
 symbol'><i>b</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>1(x),</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>…</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN'><i>,</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>b</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN'><i>n(x)&#13;</i></span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:54.5%;left:6.74%;width:91.38%;height:5.75%'><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><span style="mso-spacerun:
 yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>g</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN'><i>(x)&#13;</i></span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:60.0%;left:6.74%;width:105.99%;height:5.75%'>其中<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>a</i></span><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><i>(x),</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-char-type:
 symbol'><i>b</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>1(x),</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>…</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN'><i>,</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>b</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN'><i>n(x),</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>g</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>(x)</i></span><span lang=EN-US
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>都是一阶公式<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>, </span>之中出现的自由变&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:65.25%;left:6.74%;width:105.8%;height:5.75%'>元为<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>x=(x1,</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>…</i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
 ZH-CN'><i>,xn). </i></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>a</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>(x)</i></span><span lang=EN-US
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>称为<span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>(</span>缺省<span style='font-family:
 "Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>)</span><span
 style='font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312'>前提</span><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
 </span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>b</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'><i>i(x) (i=1,…,n)</i></span><span lang=EN-US
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>称为<span style='font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
 mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312'>验&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:70.5%;left:6.74%;width:91.38%;height:5.75%'><span
 style='font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312'>证</span><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
 </span><span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-char-type:symbol'><i>g</i></span><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><i>(x)</i></span><span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'> </span>称为<span style='font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
 mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312'>结论</span><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman";
 mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>.&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:76.25%;left:6.74%;width:106.36%;height:5.25%'>一个缺省中前提<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,</span>验证和结论至少之一含自由变元称为<span
 style='font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312'>开缺省</span><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>;&#13;</span></div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:81.75%;left:6.74%;width:106.17%;height:5.25%'>否则<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
 </span>成为<span style='font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312'>闭缺省</span><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>.
 </span>一个缺省理论是<span style='font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312'>开</span>的<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>,
 </span>若它至少包含一个开&#13;</div>
 <div style='position:absolute;top:87.0%;left:6.74%;width:91.38%;height:5.25%'>缺省<span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>;
 </span>否则称为<span style='font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312'>闭缺省理论</span><span
 style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>.</span><span
 style='mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'>&#13;</span></div>
 </div>
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