install.1

操作系统设计与实现源码

.TH INSTALL 1
.SH NAME
install \- install files
.SH SYNOPSIS
.in +5
.ti -5
.B install
.RB [ \-lcsz\fIN\fP "] [" \-o
.IR owner ]
.RB [ \-g
.IR group ]
.RB [ \-m
.IR mode ]
.RB [ \-S
.IR stack ]
.RI [ file1 ]
.I file2
.br
.ti -5
.B install
.RB [ \-lcsz\fIN\fP "] [" \-o
.IR owner ]
.RB [ \-g
.IR group ]
.RB [ \-m
.IR mode ]
.RB [ \-S
.IR stack ]
.IR file " ... " dir
.br
.ti -5
.B install \-d
.RB [ \-o
.IR owner ]
.RB [ \-g
.IR group ]
.RB [ \-m
.IR mode ]
.I directory
.in -5
.SH DESCRIPTION
.de SP
.if t .sp 0.4
.if n .sp
..
.B Install
puts executables, manual pages, and library files in their proper place
in the bin, man, and lib directories.  The first two forms of the
command are like
.BR cp (1)
copying either one file to another or copying several files to a
directory.  The "\fB\-d\fP" form is like
.BR mkdir (1)
with the
.B \-p
flag.
.I File1
may be omitted if neither
.B \-l
nor
.B \-c
is given to change the attributes of
.IR file2 .
.PP
Attributes are always copied from the source file, use the options to change.
Note that the source file's attributes are changed with the destination file
if they are linked.  So copy the file if you change it in a way that makes
it read-only.  You would otherwise not be able to compile a command again.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.B \-l
Link the destination to the source file instead of copying it.  This is done
to either save space on a file system with both the source and the bin
directories on it, or to install synonyms to a command.
.TP
.B \-c
Copy the source file to its proper place.  This option is the default if
.B \-l
is not given.  With
.BR \-l ,
the file is copied if the link fails.
.TP
.B \-s
Strip the destination file of its symbol table,
.I if
it is an executable, and
.I if
it is actually copied.  It has no effect on a link or a non-executable.
.TP
.B \-z
Compress the executable using
.BR compress (1)
and prepend a header line that calls
.BR zexec (1)
to decompress and execute the binary.  This will on average save 40% disk
space at the expense of a slower startup time.  Like
.B \-s
the file must be actually copied for the flag to have effect.
.TP
.BI \- N
Use
.BI "gzip \-" N
to compress the binary.  You may see up to 60% space savings, but it will
take much longer.
.I N
is a digit from 1 to 9 telling the compression effort, see
.BR gzip (1).
.TP
.B \-d
Make a directory, usually to install files in a separate directory in a
library.  Intermediate directories in the path are created with the same
attributes as the final directory.  Only the attributes of the final
directory are set if the directory exists.
.TP
.BI \-o " owner"
Set the owner of the target.  This only works if the invoker is the
super-user, or if
.B install
is run setuid root and the invoker is a member of group zero.  If
.B \-o
is omitted then the ownership is copied from the source file, or set to
the id of the invoker if a directory is made.
.TP
.BI \-g " group"
Like
.BR \-o ,
but for the group ownership of the target.
.TP
.BI \-m " mode"
.I Mode
is an octal number that specifies the mode the target should get.  The
default is the source file's mode with a
.B chmod a+rX
applied to it, or 755 for a new directory.  Implies
.BR "\-o 0" ,
or
.BR "\-g 0"
if a file is to be set-uid or set-gid and the invoker has permission to
change ownership.  This trick allows a group 0 member to install third party
software, even though it expects to be installed by root.
.TP
.BI \-S " stack"
Sets the maximum amount of heap + stack that an executable may have when
running.  The argument is a C-style decimal, octal or hexadecimal
number, optionally followed by the multipliers
.BR m ,
.BR k ,
.BR w ,
and
.B b
for mega (1024*1024), kilo (1024), "word" (2 or 4), and byte (1).  Uppercase
.B M
is also accepted for those who know what S.I. means.  The compilers use
.B \-S 32kw
by default, that translates to 64kb for an 8086, and 128kb for other
architectures.  This option is ignored on a non-executable.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR ln (1),
.BR cp (1),
.BR strip (1),
.BR compress (1),
.BR gzip (1),
.BR zexec (1),
.BR chown (8),
.BR chgrp (8),
.BR chmod (1),
.BR chmem (1),
.BR mkdir (1).
.SH BUGS
Uppercase
.BR K ,
.BR W ,
and
.B B
are also accepted for those who don't know what S.I. means.
.SH AUTHOR
Kees J. Bot ([e-mail])