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          Returns a BigInteger whose value is equal to that of the specified
 long.</TD>
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<CODE>&nbsp;<A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A></CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html#xor(java.math.BigInteger)">xor</A></B>(<A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A>&nbsp;val)</CODE>

<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Returns a BigInteger whose value is <tt>(this ^ val)</tt>.</TD>
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<TD><B>Methods inherited from class java.lang.<A HREF="../../java/lang/Number.html">Number</A></B></TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/Number.html#byteValue()">byteValue</A>, <A HREF="../../java/lang/Number.html#shortValue()">shortValue</A></CODE></TD>
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<TD><B>Methods inherited from class java.lang.<A HREF="../../java/lang/Object.html">Object</A></B></TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/Object.html#clone()">clone</A>, <A HREF="../../java/lang/Object.html#finalize()">finalize</A>, <A HREF="../../java/lang/Object.html#getClass()">getClass</A>, <A HREF="../../java/lang/Object.html#notify()">notify</A>, <A HREF="../../java/lang/Object.html#notifyAll()">notifyAll</A>, <A HREF="../../java/lang/Object.html#wait()">wait</A>, <A HREF="../../java/lang/Object.html#wait(long)">wait</A>, <A HREF="../../java/lang/Object.html#wait(long, int)">wait</A></CODE></TD>
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<A NAME="ZERO"><!-- --></A><H3>
ZERO</H3>
<PRE>
public static final <A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A> <B>ZERO</B></PRE>
<DL>
<DD>The BigInteger constant zero.<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Since: </B><DD>1.2</DD>
</DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="ONE"><!-- --></A><H3>
ONE</H3>
<PRE>
public static final <A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A> <B>ONE</B></PRE>
<DL>
<DD>The BigInteger constant one.<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Since: </B><DD>1.2</DD>
</DL>
</DD>
</DL>

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<A NAME="BigInteger(byte[])"><!-- --></A><H3>
BigInteger</H3>
<PRE>
public <B>BigInteger</B>(byte[]&nbsp;val)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Translates a byte array containing the two's-complement binary
 representation of a BigInteger into a BigInteger.  The input array is
 assumed to be in <i>big-endian</i> byte-order: the most significant
 byte is in the zeroth element.<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>val</CODE> - big-endian two's-complement binary representation of
	       BigInteger.<DT><B>Throws:</B><DD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/NumberFormatException.html">NumberFormatException</A></CODE> - <tt>val</tt> is zero bytes long.</DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="BigInteger(int, byte[])"><!-- --></A><H3>
BigInteger</H3>
<PRE>
public <B>BigInteger</B>(int&nbsp;signum,
                  byte[]&nbsp;magnitude)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Translates the sign-magnitude representation of a BigInteger into a
 BigInteger.  The sign is represented as an integer signum value: -1 for
 negative, 0 for zero, or 1 for positive.  The magnitude is a byte array
 in <i>big-endian</i> byte-order: the most significant byte is in the
 zeroth element.  A zero-length magnitude array is permissible, and will
 result in in a BigInteger value of 0, whether signum is -1, 0 or 1.<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>signum</CODE> - signum of the number (-1 for negative, 0 for zero, 1
 	       for positive).<DD><CODE>magnitude</CODE> - big-endian binary representation of the magnitude of
 	       the number.<DT><B>Throws:</B><DD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/NumberFormatException.html">NumberFormatException</A></CODE> - <tt>signum</tt> is not one of the three
	       legal values (-1, 0, and 1), or <tt>signum</tt> is 0 and
	       <tt>magnitude</tt> contains one or more non-zero bytes.</DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="BigInteger(java.lang.String, int)"><!-- --></A><H3>
BigInteger</H3>
<PRE>
public <B>BigInteger</B>(<A HREF="../../java/lang/String.html">String</A>&nbsp;val,
                  int&nbsp;radix)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Translates the String representation of a BigInteger in the specified
 radix into a BigInteger.  The String representation consists of an
 optional minus sign followed by a sequence of one or more digits in the
 specified radix.  The character-to-digit mapping is provided by
 <tt>Character.digit</tt>.  The String may not contain any extraneous
 characters (whitespace, for example).<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>val</CODE> - String representation of BigInteger.<DD><CODE>radix</CODE> - radix to be used in interpreting <tt>val</tt>.<DT><B>Throws:</B><DD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/NumberFormatException.html">NumberFormatException</A></CODE> - <tt>val</tt> is not a valid representation
	       of a BigInteger in the specified radix, or <tt>radix</tt> is
	       outside the range from <tt>Character.MIN_RADIX</tt> (2) to
	       <tt>Character.MAX_RADIX</tt> (36), inclusive.<DT><B>See Also: </B><DD><A HREF="../../java/lang/Character.html#digit(char, int)"><CODE>Character.digit(char, int)</CODE></A></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="BigInteger(java.lang.String)"><!-- --></A><H3>
BigInteger</H3>
<PRE>
public <B>BigInteger</B>(<A HREF="../../java/lang/String.html">String</A>&nbsp;val)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Translates the decimal String representation of a BigInteger into a
 BigInteger.  The String representation consists of an optional minus
 sign followed by a sequence of one or more decimal digits.  The
 character-to-digit mapping is provided by <tt>Character.digit</tt>.
 The String may not contain any extraneous characters (whitespace, for
 example).<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>val</CODE> - decimal String representation of BigInteger.<DT><B>Throws:</B><DD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/NumberFormatException.html">NumberFormatException</A></CODE> - <tt>val</tt> is not a valid representation
	       of a BigInteger.<DT><B>See Also: </B><DD><A HREF="../../java/lang/Character.html#digit(char, int)"><CODE>Character.digit(char, int)</CODE></A></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="BigInteger(int, java.util.Random)"><!-- --></A><H3>
BigInteger</H3>
<PRE>
public <B>BigInteger</B>(int&nbsp;numBits,
                  <A HREF="../../java/util/Random.html">Random</A>&nbsp;rnd)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Constructs a randomly generated BigInteger, uniformly distributed over
 the range <tt>0</tt> to <tt>(2<sup>numBits</sup> - 1)</tt>, inclusive.
 The uniformity of the distribution assumes that a fair source of random
 bits is provided in <tt>rnd</tt>.  Note that this constructor always
 constructs a non-negative BigInteger.<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>numBits</CODE> - maximum bitLength of the new BigInteger.<DD><CODE>rnd</CODE> - source of randomness to be used in computing the new
	       BigInteger.<DT><B>Throws:</B><DD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.html">IllegalArgumentException</A></CODE> - <tt>numBits</tt> is negative.<DT><B>See Also: </B><DD><A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html#bitLength()"><CODE>bitLength()</CODE></A></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="BigInteger(int, int, java.util.Random)"><!-- --></A><H3>
BigInteger</H3>
<PRE>
public <B>BigInteger</B>(int&nbsp;bitLength,
                  int&nbsp;certainty,
                  <A HREF="../../java/util/Random.html">Random</A>&nbsp;rnd)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Constructs a randomly generated positive BigInteger that is probably
 prime, with the specified bitLength.<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>bitLength</CODE> - bitLength of the returned BigInteger.<DD><CODE>certainty</CODE> - a measure of the uncertainty that the caller is
         willing to tolerate.  The probability that the new BigInteger
	       represents a prime number will exceed
	       <tt>(1 - 1/2<sup>certainty</sup></tt>).  The execution time of
	       this constructor is proportional to the value of this parameter.<DD><CODE>rnd</CODE> - source of random bits used to select candidates to be
	       tested for primality.<DT><B>Throws:</B><DD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/ArithmeticException.html">ArithmeticException</A></CODE> - <tt>bitLength &lt; 2</tt>.<DT><B>See Also: </B><DD><A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html#bitLength()"><CODE>bitLength()</CODE></A></DL>
</DD>
</DL>

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<A NAME="valueOf(long)"><!-- --></A><H3>
valueOf</H3>
<PRE>
public static <A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A> <B>valueOf</B>(long&nbsp;val)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Returns a BigInteger whose value is equal to that of the specified
 long.  This "static factory method" is provided in preference to a
 (long) constructor because it allows for reuse of frequently used
 BigIntegers.<DD><DL>
</DL>
</DD>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>val</CODE> - value of the BigInteger to return.<DT><B>Returns:</B><DD>a BigInteger with the specified value.</DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="add(java.math.BigInteger)"><!-- --></A><H3>
add</H3>
<PRE>
public <A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A> <B>add</B>(<A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A>&nbsp;val)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Returns a BigInteger whose value is <tt>(this + val)</tt>.<DD><DL>
</DL>
</DD>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>val</CODE> - value to be added to this BigInteger.<DT><B>Returns:</B><DD><tt>this + val</tt></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="subtract(java.math.BigInteger)"><!-- --></A><H3>
subtract</H3>
<PRE>
public <A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A> <B>subtract</B>(<A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A>&nbsp;val)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Returns a BigInteger whose value is <tt>(this - val)</tt>.<DD><DL>
</DL>
</DD>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>val</CODE> - value to be subtracted from this BigInteger.<DT><B>Returns:</B><DD><tt>this - val</tt></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="multiply(java.math.BigInteger)"><!-- --></A><H3>
multiply</H3>
<PRE>
public <A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A> <B>multiply</B>(<A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A>&nbsp;val)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Returns a BigInteger whose value is <tt>(this * val)</tt>.<DD><DL>
</DL>
</DD>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>val</CODE> - value to be multiplied by this BigInteger.<DT><B>Returns:</B><DD><tt>this * val</tt></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="divide(java.math.BigInteger)"><!-- --></A><H3>
divide</H3>
<PRE>
public <A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A> <B>divide</B>(<A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A>&nbsp;val)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Returns a BigInteger whose value is <tt>(this / val)</tt>.<DD><DL>
</DL>
</DD>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>val</CODE> - value by which this BigInteger is to be divided.<DT><B>Returns:</B><DD><tt>this / val</tt><DT><B>Throws:</B><DD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/ArithmeticException.html">ArithmeticException</A></CODE> - <tt>val==0</tt></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="divideAndRemainder(java.math.BigInteger)"><!-- --></A><H3>
divideAndRemainder</H3>
<PRE>
public <A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A>[] <B>divideAndRemainder</B>(<A HREF="../../java/math/BigInteger.html">BigInteger</A>&nbsp;val)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Returns an array of two BigIntegers containing <tt>(this / val)</tt>
 followed by <tt>(this % val)</tt>.<DD><DL>
</DL>
</DD>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>val</CODE> - value by which this BigInteger is to be divided, and the
	       remainder computed.<DT><B>Returns:</B><DD>an array of two BigIntegers: the quotient <tt>(this / val)</tt>
	       is the initial element, and the remainder <tt>(this % val)</tt>
	       is the final element.<DT><B>Throws:</B><DD><CODE><A HREF="../../java/lang/ArithmeticException.html">ArithmeticException</A></CODE> - <tt>val==0</tt></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>

<A NAME="remainder(java.math.BigInteger)"><!-- --></A><H3>
remainder</H3>
<PRE>