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📄 在asp中操作数据库的方法.txt

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                                  在ASP中操作数据库的方法
    一、存取数据库的原理 

  在ASP中,用来存取数据库的对象统称ADO对象(Active Data Objects),主要含有三种对象:Connection、Recordset和Command,其中Connection负责打开或连接数据库,Recordset负责存取数据表,Command负责对数据库执行行动查询(Action Query)命令和执行SQL Server的Stored Procedure。只依靠这三个对象还是无法存取数据库的,还必须具有数据库存取的驱动程序:OLE DB驱动程序和ODBC驱动程序。对于任何一种数据库都必须有相对应的OLE DB驱动程序和ODBC驱动程序,ADO对象才能对数据库进行存取。 

  ADO对象必须与各种驱动程序相结合才能存取各种类型数据库,不同的数据库需要不同的驱动程序。在Windows 9x/NT的“开始”→“设置”→“控制面板” →“ODBC Data Source(32Bit)”中的“驱动程序”标签页,可以查证机器上究竟装了哪些驱动程序。 

  二、连接数据库和打开数据表 

  不同数据库的连接方法有所不同(即建立Connection实例的方法不一样),但建立Connection实例后,利用Recordset对象进行存取数据的方法却大同小异。下面对于不同的数据类型,编写了相对应的连接函数,在程序中直接引用即可。 

  程序用VB Script脚本语言编写。 

  1.建立MdbRecordset对象。MDB数据库是一个完整的数据库,内部可能含有若干个数据表,在此函数中,Connection的作用是连接数据库,Recordset的作用是打开数据表。 

Function CreateMdbRecordset(数据库文件名, 数据表名或Select语句 ) 
  Dim conn,Provider,DBPath 
  ’建立Connection 对象 
  Set conn = Server.CreateObject(“ADODB.Connection”) 
  Provider=“Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;” 
  DBPath = “Data Source=” & Server.MapPath(“数据库文件名”) 
  ’打开数据库 
  conn.Open Provider & DBPath 
  Set CreateMdbRecordset = Server.CreateObject(“ADODB.Recordset”) 
  ’打开数据表 
  CreateMdbRecordset.Open “数据表名”, conn, 2, 2 
End Function 

  2.建立带密码的MDB数据库的Recordset对象。它的建立方式与建立不带密码的MDB数据库的Recordset对象类似,只是多了一个密码参数,即在与数据库连接时,必须给出密码信息。 

Function CreateSecuredMdbRecordset( 数据库文件名, 数据表名或Select语句,password ) 
 Dim conn,Provider,DBPath 
 ’建立Connection 对象 
 Set conn = Server.CreateObject(“ADODB.Connection”) 
 Provider = “Provider=Microsof.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;” 
 DBPath = “Data Source=”& Server.MapPath(“数据库文件名”) 
 ’连接数据库,注意要带有密码参数 
 conn.Open Provider & DBPath&“Jet OLEDB:Database Password=”&assword 
 Set CreateSecuredMdbRecordset = Server. 
 CreateObject(“ADODB.Recordset”) 
 ’打开数据表 
 CreateSecuredMdbRecordset.Open “数据表名”, conn, 2, 2 
End Function  
 
    3.DBF文件不是一个标准的数据库文件,只相当于标准数据库文件中的一个数据表,所以为了使用DBF文件,可以把所有的DBF文件放在一个目录下,这样把目录名看成标准数据库,每一个DBF文件相当于标准数据库中的数据表。下面函数中的Directory是DBF所在的目录名。 

Function CreateDbfRecordset( 目录名, DBF文件名或Select语句 ) 
 Dim conn,Driver,SourceType,DBPath 
 ’建立Connection 对象 
 Set conn = Server.CreateObject(“ADODB.Connection”) 
 Driver=“Driver={Microsoft Visual FoxProDriver};” SourceType = “SourceType=DBF;” 
 DBPath=“SourceDB=” & Server.MapPath(“目录名”) 
 ’调用Open 方法打开数据库 
 conn.Open Driver & SourceType & DBPath 
 Set CreateDbfRecordset = Server.CreateObject(“ADODB.Recordset”) 
 ’打开DBF文件 
 CreateDbfRecordset.Open “DBF文件名或Select语句”, conn, 2, 2 
End Function  

  4.由FoxPro生成的DBC数据库与MDB数据库相似,都是一个数据库包含几个数据表的形式,所以对DBC数据库的存取方法与MDB数据库相似。 

Function CreateDbcRecordset( DBC数据库文件名, 数据表名或Select语句 ) 
 Dim conn,Driver,SourceType,DBPath 
 ’建立Connection 对象 
 Set conn = Server.CreateObject(“ADODB.Connection”) 
 Driver=“Driver={Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver};” 
 SourceType = “SourceType=DBC;” 
 DBPath = “SourceDB=” & Server.MapPath(“DBC数据库文件名”) 
 ’连接数据库 
 conn.Open Driver & SourceType & DBPath 
 Set CreateDbcRecordset = Server.CreateObject(“ADODB.Recordset”) 
 ’打开数据表 
 CreateDbcRecordset.Open“数据表名或Select语句”, conn, 2, 2 
End Function 

  5.将Excel生成的XLS文件(book)看成一个数据库,其中的每一个工作表(sheet)看成一个数据库表。 

Function CreateExcelRecordset(XLS文件名,Sheet名) 
 Dim conn.Driver,DBPath 
 ’建立Connection对象 
 Set conn = Server.CreateObject(“ADODB.Connection”) 
 Driver=“Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};” 
 DBPath = “DBQ=” & Server.MapPath(“XLS文件名”) 
 ’调用Open 方法打开数据库 
 conn.Open Driver & DBPath 
 Set CreateExcelRecordset = Server.CreateObject(“ADODB.Recordset”) 
 ’打开Sheet 
 CreateExcelRecordset.Open “Select * From [”&sheet&“$]”, conn, 2, 2 
End Function 

  6.SQL Server属于Server级的数据库,使用时要求比较严格,必须要输入用户名及密码才能使用。 

Function CreateSQLServerRecordset(计算机名称,用户ID, 用户密码,数据库名称 数据表或查看表或Select指令 ) 
 Dim Params, conn 
 Set CreatSQLServerConnection = Nothing 
 Set conn = Server.CreateObject (“ADODB.Connection”) 
 Params = “Provider=SQLOLEDB.1” 
 Params = Params & “;Data Source=” & Computer 
 Params = Params & “;User ID=” & UserID 
 Params = Params & “;Password=” & Password 
 Params = Params & “.Initial Catalog=”&数据库名称 
 Conn open Paras 
 Set CreateSQLServerRecordset = Server. CreateObject(“ADODB.Recordset") 
 CreateSQLServerRecordset.Open source, conn, 2, 2 
End Function 


                                ASP访问数据库大全

This page contains sample ADO connection strings for ODBC DSN / DSN-Less,
OLE DB Providers, Remote Data Services (RDS), MS Remote, MS DataShape.

Also included are ADO.NET connection strings for each .NET Managed Provider 
(SQLClient, OLEDB, and ODBC).

These sample connection strings are compiled by Carl Prothman, a Microsoft Visual Basic MVP 
Enjoy!

  
Table of Contents
ODBC DSN Connections DSN 
File DSN


ODBC DSN-Less Connections  ODBC Driver for AS/400 
ODBC Driver for Access 
ODBC Driver for dBASE 
ODBC Driver for Excel 
ODBC Driver for MySQL 
ODBC Driver for Oracle 
ODBC Driver for Paradox 
ODBC Driver for SQL Server 
ODBC Driver for Sybase 
ODBC Driver for Sybase SQL Anywhere 
ODBC Driver for Text 
ODBC Driver for Teradata 
ODBC Driver for Visual FoxPro


OLE DB Data Link Connections Data Link File (UDL)


OLE DB Data Provider Connections  OLE DB Provider for AS/400 
OLE DB Provider for Active Directory Service 
OLE DB Provider for DB2 
OLD DB Provider for Internet Publishing 
OLE DB Provider for Index Server 
OLE DB Provider for Microsoft Jet 
OLE DB Provider for ODBC Databases 
OLE DB Provider for Oracle (From Microsoft) 
OLE DB Provider for Oracle (From Oracle) 
OLE DB Provider for Simple Provider 
OLE DB Provider for SQL Server 


Remote Data Service (RDS) Connections RDS Data Control - Connect Property 
RDS Data Control - URL Property


ADO URL Connections ADO Recordset


MS Remote Provider Connections MS Remote - Access (Jet) 
MS Remote - SQL Server


Data Shape Provider Connections  MS DataShape - SQL Server


.NET Managed Provider Connections SQL Client .NET Managed Provider (System.Data.SqlClient) 
OLE DB .NET Managed Provider (System.Data.OleDb) 
ODBC .NET Managed Provider (System.Data.ODBC) 


  


1.ODBC DSN Connections
Using an ODBC DSN (Data Source Name) is a two step process. 

1) You must first create the DSN via the "ODBC Data Source Administrator" program 
found in your computer's Control Panel (or Administrative Tools menu in Windows 2000).
Make sure to create a SYSTEM DSN (not a USER DSN) when using ASP. 
Note: You can also create the DSN via VB code.

2) Then use the following connection string - with your own DSN name of course.  ;-)
****************
 ODBC - DSN 
  
oConn.Open "DSN=AdvWorks;" & _ 
          "Uid=Admin;" & _ 
          "Pwd=;


You can also create and use a File DSN. Then use the following ADO Connection string:
*******************
ODBC - File DSN 
  
oConn.Open "FILEDSN=c:\somepath\mydb.dsn;" & _ 
          "Uid=Admin;" & _
          "Pwd=;"

For more information, see: About ODBC data sources and How to Use File DSNs and DSN-less Connections

Note: The problem with DSN is that Users can (and will) modify them (or delete by mistake), 
then your program won't work so well... So it's better to use a DSN-Less or OLE DB Provider 
connection string with a Trusted Connection if possible! 

*************************
ODBC DSN-Less Connections
ODBC Driver for AS/400 
  
oConn.Open "Driver={Client Access ODBC Driver (32-bit)};" & _
          "System=myAS400;" & _
          "Uid=myUsername;" & _
          "Pwd=myPassword;"

For more information, see:  A Fast Path to AS/400 Client/Server 

*************************
ODBC Driver for Access 
  
For Standard Security:

oConn.Open "Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};" & _ 
          "Dbq=c:\somepath\mydb.mdb;" & _
          "Uid=Admin;" & _
          "Pwd=;"

If you are using a Workgroup (System database):
***************************
oConn.Open "Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};" & _ 
          "Dbq=c:\somepath\mydb.mdb;" & _
          "SystemDB=c:\somepath\mydb.mdw;", _
          "admin", ""

If MDB is located on a network share:
*************************
oConn.Open "Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};" & _
          "Dbq=\\myServer\myShare\myPath\myDb.mdb;"

For more information, see: Microsoft Access Driver Programming Considerations

***********************
ODBC Driver for dBASE 
  
oConn.Open "Driver={Microsoft dBASE Driver (*.dbf)};" & _
         "DriverID=277;" & _
         "Dbq=c:\somepath;"

Note: Specify the filename in the SQL statement. For example:
     oRs.Open "Select * From user.dbf", oConn, , ,adCmdText

Note: MDAC 2.1 (or greater) requires the Borland Database Engine (BDE) to update dBase DBF files. (Q238431).

For more information, see: dBASE Driver Programming Considerations

**********************
ODBC Driver for Excel 
  
oConn.Open "Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};" & _
          "DriverId=790;" & _
          "Dbq=c:\somepath\mySpreadsheet.xls;" & _
          "DefaultDir=c:\somepath;" 

For more information, see: Microsoft Excel Driver Programming Considerations

*********************
ODBC Driver for MySQL (via MyODBC) 
  
To connect to a local database

oConn.Open "Driver={mySQL};" & _ 
          "Server=MyServerName;" & _
          "Option=16834;" & _
          "Database=mydb;"

*********************
To connect to a remote database

oConn.Open "Driver={mySQL};" & _ 
          "Server=db1.database.com;" & _
          "Port=3306;" & _
          "Option=131072;" & _
          "Stmt=;" & _
          "Database=mydb;" & _
          "Uid=myUsername;" & _
          "Pwd=myPassword;"

For more information, see: Programs Known to Work with MyODBC

**************************
ODBC Driver for Oracle 
  
For the current Oracle ODBC Driver from Microsoft:

oConn.Open "Driver={Microsoft ODBC for Oracle};" & _
          "Server=OracleServer.world;" & _
          "Uid=myUsername;" & _
          "Pwd=myPassword;"

**************************
For the older Oracle ODBC Driver from Microsoft:

oConn.Open "Driver={Microsoft ODBC Driver for Oracle};" & _
          "ConnectString=OracleServer.world;" & _
          "Uid=myUsername;" & _
          "Pwd=myPassword;"

For more information, see: Connection String Format and Attributes

*************************
ODBC Driver for Paradox 
  
oConn.Open "Driver={Microsoft Paradox Driver (*.db)};" & _
          "DriverID=538;" & _
          "Fil=Paradox 5.X;" & _
          "DefaultDir=c:\dbpath\;" & _
          "Dbq=c:\dbpath\;" & _
          "CollatingSequence=ASCII;" 

Note: MDAC 2.1 (or greater) requires the Borland Database Engine (BDE) to update Paradox ISAM fDBF files. (Q230126).

For more information, see: Paradox Driver Programming Considerations

**************************
ODBC Driver for SQL Server 
  
For Standard Security:

oConn.Open "Driver={SQL Server};" & _ 
          "Server=MyServerName;" & _
         "Database=myDatabaseName;" & _
         "Uid=myUsername;" & _
          "Pwd=myPassword;"

**********************
For Trusted Connection security:

oConn.Open "Driver={SQL Server};" & _ 
          "Server=MyServerName;" & _
          "Database=myDatabaseName;" & _
          "Uid=;" & _
          "Pwd=;"

' or 

oConn.Open "Driver={SQL Server};" & _ 
          "Server=MyServerName;" & _
          "Database=myDatabaseName;" & _
          "Trusted_Connection=yes;"

*******************
To Prompt user for username and password

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