unzip.txt

zip压缩

UNZIP(1L)                                               UNZIP(1L)

NAME
       unzip  -  list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP
       archive

SYNOPSIS
       unzip   [-Z]    [-cflptuvz[abjnoqsCLMVX$/:]]    file[.zip]
       [file(s) ...]  [-x xfile(s) ...] [-d exdir]

DESCRIPTION
       unzip  will  list,  test,  or  extract  files  from  a ZIP
       archive, commonly found on MS-DOS  systems.   The  default
       behavior  (with no options) is to extract into the current
       directory (and subdirectories below it) all files from the
       specified ZIP archive.  A companion program, zip(1L), cre-
       ates ZIP  archives;  both  programs  are  compatible  with
       archives created by PKWARE's PKZIP and PKUNZIP for MS-DOS,
       but in many cases the program options or default behaviors
       differ.

ARGUMENTS
       file[.zip]
              Path of the ZIP archive(s).  If the file specifica-
              tion is a wildcard, each matching file is processed
              in  an order determined by the operating system (or
              file system).  Only the filename can be a wildcard;
              the  path  itself cannot.  Wildcard expressions are
              similar to those supported in  commonly  used  Unix
              shells (sh, ksh, csh) and may contain:

              *      matches a sequence of 0 or more characters

              ?      matches exactly 1 character

              [...]  matches  any  single  character found inside
                     the brackets;  ranges  are  specified  by  a
                     beginning character, a hyphen, and an ending
                     character.  If an  exclamation  point  or  a
                     caret (`!' or `^') follows the left bracket,
                     then the  range  of  characters  within  the
                     brackets  is complemented (that is, anything
                     except the characters inside the brackets is
                     considered a match).

              (Be  sure  to quote any character that might other-
              wise be interpreted or modified  by  the  operating
              system,  particularly  under  Unix and VMS.)  If no
              matches are found, the specification is assumed  to
              be  a literal filename; and if that also fails, the
              suffix .zip is appended.  Note that self-extracting
              ZIP  files  are  supported,  as  with any other ZIP
              archive; just specify  the  .exe  suffix  (if  any)
              explicitly.

Info-ZIP             17 February 2002 (v5.5)                    1

UNZIP(1L)                                               UNZIP(1L)

       [file(s)]
              An  optional  list  of  archive  members to be pro-
              cessed, separated by spaces.   (VMS  versions  com-
              piled  with  VMSCLI defined must delimit files with
              commas instead.  See -v in OPTIONS below.)  Regular
              expressions (wildcards) may be used to match multi-
              ple members; see above.  Again, be  sure  to  quote
              expressions  that  would  otherwise  be expanded or
              modified by the operating system.

       [-x xfile(s)]
              An optional list of archive members to be  excluded
              from  processing.   Since wildcard characters match
              directory separators (`/'), this option may be used
              to  exclude  any  files that are in subdirectories.
              For example, ``unzip  foo  *.[ch]  -x  */*''  would
              extract  all  C source files in the main directory,
              but none in any  subdirectories.   Without  the  -x
              option,  all  C  source  files  in  all directories
              within the zipfile would be extracted.

       [-d exdir]
              An optional directory to which  to  extract  files.
              By default, all files and subdirectories are recre-
              ated in the current directory; the -d option allows
              extraction in an arbitrary directory (always assum-
              ing one has permission to write to the  directory).
              This  option need not appear at the end of the com-
              mand line; it is also accepted before  the  zipfile
              specification  (with  the  normal options), immedi-
              ately after the zipfile specification,  or  between
              the  file(s)  and  the  -x  option.  The option and
              directory may be  concatenated  without  any  white
              space  between  them,  but note that this may cause
              normal shell behavior to be suppressed.  In partic-
              ular, ``-d ~'' (tilde) is expanded by Unix C shells
              into the name of the  user's  home  directory,  but
              ``-d~''  is treated as a literal subdirectory ``~''
              of the current directory.

OPTIONS
       Note that,  in  order  to  support  obsolescent  hardware,
       unzip's  usage  screen  is  limited  to 22 or 23 lines and
       should therefore be considered  only  a  reminder  of  the
       basic  unzip  syntax rather than an exhaustive list of all
       possible flags.  The exhaustive list follows:

       -Z     zipinfo(1L) mode.  If the first option on the  com-
              mand line is -Z, the remaining options are taken to
              be zipinfo(1L) options.  See the appropriate manual
              page for a description of these options.

       -A     [OS/2,  Unix DLL] print extended help for the DLL's
              programming interface (API).

Info-ZIP             17 February 2002 (v5.5)                    2

UNZIP(1L)                                               UNZIP(1L)

       -c     extract files  to  stdout/screen  (``CRT'').   This
              option  is similar to the -p option except that the
              name of each file is printed as  it  is  extracted,
              the  -a option is allowed, and ASCII-EBCDIC conver-
              sion is  automatically  performed  if  appropriate.
              This  option  is  not  listed  in  the  unzip usage
              screen.

       -f     freshen existing files, i.e.,  extract  only  those
              files that already exist on disk and that are newer
              than the disk copies.   By  default  unzip  queries
              before  overwriting,  but the -o option may be used
              to suppress the  queries.   Note  that  under  many
              operating  systems,  the  TZ (timezone) environment
              variable must be set correctly in order for -f  and
              -u  to  work  properly  (under Unix the variable is
              usually set automatically).  The reasons  for  this
              are somewhat subtle but have to do with the differ-
              ences between DOS-format file times  (always  local
              time) and Unix-format times (always in GMT/UTC) and
              the necessity to compare the  two.   A  typical  TZ
              value  is  ``PST8PDT''  (US Pacific time with auto-
              matic  adjustment  for  Daylight  Savings  Time  or
              ``summer time'').

       -l     list  archive  files  (short  format).   The names,
              uncompressed file sizes and modification dates  and
              times  of  the  specified  files are printed, along
              with totals for all files specified.  If UnZip  was
              compiled  with  OS2_EAS defined, the -l option also
              lists columns for the sizes of stored OS/2 extended
              attributes  (EAs)  and  OS/2  access  control lists
              (ACLs).  In addition, the zipfile comment and indi-
              vidual  file comments (if any) are displayed.  If a
              file was archived from a  single-case  file  system
              (for  example,  the old MS-DOS FAT file system) and
              the -L option was given, the filename is  converted
              to lowercase and is prefixed with a caret (^).

       -p     extract  files  to  pipe (stdout).  Nothing but the
              file data is sent to  stdout,  and  the  files  are
              always extracted in binary format, just as they are
              stored (no conversions).

       -t     test archive  files.   This  option  extracts  each
              specified  file  in  memory  and  compares  the CRC
              (cyclic redundancy check, an enhanced checksum)  of
              the  expanded  file with the original file's stored
              CRC value.

       -T     [most OSes] set the timestamp on the archive(s)  to
              that  of  the newest file in each one.  This corre-
              sponds to zip's -go option except that  it  can  be
              used   on   wildcard  zipfiles  (e.g.,  ``unzip  -T

Info-ZIP             17 February 2002 (v5.5)                    3

UNZIP(1L)                                               UNZIP(1L)

              \*.zip'') and is much faster.

       -u     update  existing  files  and  create  new  ones  if
              needed.   This option performs the same function as
              the -f option, extracting (with query)  files  that
              are  newer  than  those with the same name on disk,
              and in addition it extracts those files that do not
              already  exist  on disk.  See -f above for informa-
              tion on setting the timezone properly.

       -v     be verbose or print diagnostic version info.   This
              option  has  evolved  and  now  behaves  as both an
              option and a modifier.  As an  option  it  has  two
              purposes:   when  a  zipfile  is  specified with no
              other options, -v lists  archive  files  verbosely,
              adding to the basic -l info the compression method,
              compressed size, compression ratio and 32-bit  CRC.
              When no zipfile is specified (that is, the complete
              command  is  simply  ``unzip  -v''),  a  diagnostic
              screen  is  printed.   In  addition  to  the normal
              header with release date and version,  unzip  lists
              the home Info-ZIP ftp site and where to find a list
              of other ftp and non-ftp sites; the target  operat-
              ing  system  for  which it was compiled, as well as
              (possibly) the hardware on which it  was  compiled,
              the  compiler and version used, and the compilation
              date; any special compilation  options  that  might
              affect the program's operation (see also DECRYPTION
              below); and any options stored in environment vari-
              ables  that  might  do  the  same  (see ENVIRONMENT
              OPTIONS below).  As a modifier it works in conjunc-
              tion  with other options (e.g., -t) to produce more
              verbose or debugging output; this is not yet  fully
              implemented but will be in future releases.

       -z     display only the archive comment.

MODIFIERS
       -a     convert  text  files.   Ordinarily  all  files  are
              extracted exactly as they are stored (as ``binary''
              files).   The  -a option causes files identified by
              zip as text files (those with the `t' label in zip-
              info listings, rather than `b') to be automatically
              extracted as such, converting line endings, end-of-
              file  characters  and  the  character set itself as
              necessary.  (For example, Unix files use line feeds
              (LFs) for end-of-line (EOL) and have no end-of-file
              (EOF)  marker;  Macintoshes  use  carriage  returns
              (CRs)  for  EOLs; and most PC operating systems use
              CR+LF for EOLs and control-Z for EOF.  In addition,
              IBM mainframes and the Michigan Terminal System use
              EBCDIC rather than the more common ASCII  character
              set,  and  NT  supports  Unicode.)  Note that zip's
              identification  of  text  files  is  by  no   means

Info-ZIP             17 February 2002 (v5.5)                    4

UNZIP(1L)                                               UNZIP(1L)

              perfect; some ``text'' files may actually be binary
              and vice versa.  unzip therefore prints  ``[text]''
              or  ``[binary]'' as a visual check for each file it
              extracts when using the -a option.  The -aa  option
              forces  all  files to be extracted as text, regard-
              less of the supposed file type.

       -b     [general] treat all files as binary (no  text  con-
              versions).  This is a shortcut for ---a.