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<html>    <head>        <meta content="en-us" http-equiv="Content-Language">        <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">        <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../../css/ccna.css">        <script src="../../../../../js/framesetHelper.js" language="JavaScript"></script><script language="JavaScript">        window.scrollTo(0,0);        function newPage(pageID) {            alert("COMMING SOON!!\nThis feature is currently in development.");        }        function launchMoreInfo(oid) {            dash = oid.indexOf('-');            sub1 = oid.substring(0,dash);            sub2 = oid.substring(dash+1);                                            // this is an URL base on the                                        // system that generated the static                                        // download of the curriculum.            httpref = "http://nomar.sdf.cisco.com/servlet/org.cli.delivery.rendering.servlet.MIServlet/Static=true,LMSID=DTUI,Engine=dynamic,Theme=cnamstheme,Style=ccna,Language=en,Version=2,RootID=knet-v214aCV47051/CHAPID=null/RLOID=null/RIOID=null/";                        newref = httpref + sub1 +"/"+ sub2 +"/moreinfoframeset.html";            //alert("new newref :\n" + newref);            window.open(newref,'MoreInfo','toolbar=no,status=yes,menubar=no,location=no,scrollbars=yes,height=442,width=756,left=20,top=20,resizable=yes')        }        function launchContentResource(contentID) {            top.currentSupport = 0;                        dash = contentID.indexOf('-');            sub1 = contentID.substring(0,dash);            sub2 = contentID.substring(dash+1);                        numbackParams = "CHAPID=" + "knet-v214aCH47511" + "/RLOID=" + "knet-v214aRLO47825" + "/RIOID=" + "knet-v214aRIO123693";                        ContentRef = "../../../../../"+ numbackParams + "/"+ sub1 +"/"+ sub2 +"/";                        eval('parent.frames.content_frame.location.href="'+ContentRef+'content.html"');            eval('parent.frames.media_frame.location.href="'+ContentRef+'media.html"');            eval('parent.frames.navigation_frame.location.href="'+ContentRef+'contentresourcenav.html"');            top.currentSupport++;            top.firstSupportPage = contentID;            top.prevPage = contentID;            top.contentResourceID = contentID;        }                        function launchReference(rioID, rloID, chapterID)        {            contentID = "knet-v214aCV47051";            dash = contentID.indexOf('-');            sub1 = contentID.substring(0,dash);            sub2 = contentID.substring(dash+1);                        numbackParams = "CHAPID=" + chapterID + "/RLOID=" + rloID + "/RIOID=" + rioID;                        ContentRef = "../../../../../"+ numbackParams + "/"+ sub1 +"/"+ sub2 +"/";        			            eval('top.frames.main_frame.location.href="'+ContentRef+'referencecontroller_crf.html"');                        chapter = "knet-v214aCH47511";            ch_dash = chapter.indexOf('-');            ch_sub1 = chapter.substring(0,ch_dash);            ch_sub2 = chapter.substring(ch_dash+1);                        params = "CHAPID=" + chapter + "/RLOID=" + "knet-v214aRLO47825" + "/RIOID=" + "knet-v214aRIO123693";                        returnRef = "../../../../../"+ params + "/"+ ch_sub1 +"/"+ ch_sub2 +"/pageframeset.html";                                    top.prevPage = returnRef;                }        function launchFile(filepath) {              newWindow = window.open(filepath,"","top=70,left=120,width="+(screen.width*.50)+",height="+(screen.height*.50)+",resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes,toolbar=yes,menubar=yes,status=yes");            /*            if (is.ie && filepath.lastIndexOf(".pdf") != -1) {                pageTimer = setInterval("winLoadCheck()", 1000);            }            */        }        function winLoadCheck() {            if (newWindow.document.readyState == 'complete') {                           clearInterval(pageTimer);                newWindow.location.reload();            }        }          // BrowserCheck Object  // provides most commonly needed browser checking variables  // 19990326  // Copyright (C) 1999 Dan Steinman  // Distributed under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License  // Available at http://www.dansteinman.com/dynapi/  function BrowserCheck() {  	var b = navigator.appName  	if (b=="Netscape") this.b = "ns"  	else if (b=="Microsoft Internet Explorer") this.b = "ie"  	else this.b = b  	this.v = parseInt(navigator.appVersion)  	this.ns = (this.b=="ns" && this.v>=4)  	this.ns4 = (this.b=="ns" && this.v==4)  	this.ns5 = (this.b=="ns" && this.v==5)  	this.ie = (this.b=="ie" && this.v>=4)  	this.ie4 = (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('MSIE 4')>0)  	this.ie5 = (navigator.appVersion.indexOf('MSIE 5.0')>0)  	this.ie55 = (navigator.appVersion.indexOf('MSIE 5.5')>0)  	if (this.ie5) this.v = 5  	this.min = (this.ns||this.ie)  }  // automatically create the "is" object  is = new BrowserCheck()</script>    </head>    <body onLoad="window.focus();" alink="#000000" vlink="#000000" link="#000000" bgcolor="#E7E7E7" background="../../../../../images/ccna/common/bg.gif">        <table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0"><tr>                <td bgcolor="#000000"><img height="1" width="2" border="0" src="../../../../../images/ccna/common/transdot.gif"></td><td class="rlohdr"><img height="1" width="2" border="0" src="../../../../../images/ccna/common/transdot.gif"></td><td valign="top" class="rlohdr">11.2</td><td width="100%" class="rlohdr">                    <table width="90%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">                        <tr>                            <td class="rlohdr">Network-to-Network Communications</td>                        </tr>                    </table>                </td>            </tr>            <tr>                <td bgcolor="#000000"><img height="1" width="2" border="0" src="../../../../../images/ccna/common/transdot.gif"></td><td class="riohdr"><img height="1" width="2" border="0" src="../../../../../images/ccna/common/transdot.gif"></td><td valign="top" class="riohdr">11.2.2</td><td width="100%" class="riohdr">                    <table width="90%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">                        <tr>                            <td class="riohdr">DHCP initialization sequence</td>                        </tr>                    </table>                </td>            </tr>            <tr>                <td colspan="4">                    <table width="90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">                        <tr>                            <td class="smtext">                                <p>                                </p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0" xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/xslt/java">                                    <tr>                                        <td width="100%"><img height="10" width="1" border="0" src="../../../../../images/ccna/common/transdot.gif"></td>                                    </tr>                                    <tr>                                        <td width="100%">                                            <table bgcolor="#000000" bordercolor="#000000" cellspacing="0" bordercolorlight="#000000" width="100%" border="0">                                                <tr>                                                    <td width="100%">                                                        <table bgcolor="#FFFFFF" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%" border="0">                                                            <tr>                                                                <td valign="middle"><img height="22" width="22" border="0" src="../../../../../images/ccna/common/inotes.gif"></td><td valign="middle"><span class="cstitle">Instructor Note</span></td>                                                            </tr>                                                            <tr>                                                                <td valign="top">&nbsp;</td><td valign="top"><span class="cstext">                                                                        <p>This target indicator explains the DHCP process in greater detail. Since DHCP is so commonly used, it is important for students to be familiar with this network process.</p>                                                                        <p>This TI relates to CCNA Certification Exam Objectives #7, #31, and #36.</p>                                                                    </span></td>                                                            </tr>                                                        </table>                                                    </td>                                                </tr>                                            </table>                                        </td>                                    </tr>                                </table><p>When a DHCP client boots, it enters an <i>initialize state</i>. <i>DHCPDISCOVER</i> broadcast messages are sent, which are UDP packets with the port number set to the BOOTP port. After sending the DHCPDISCOVER packets, the client moves into the <i>select state</i> and collects <i>DHCPOFFER</i> responses from the DHCP server. The client then selects the first response it receives and negotiates lease time (the length of time it can keep the address without renewing it) with the DHCP server by sending a DHCPREQUEST packet. The DHCP server acknowledges a client request with a <i>DHCPACK</i> packet. The client can now enter the <i>bound state</i> and begin using the address.</p></td>                        </tr>                    </table>                </td>            </tr></table>        <p>        </p>        <table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" valign="bottom">            <tr>                <td></td>            </tr>        </table>    </body></html>

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