📄 tty.4
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3747(value)S3999(of)S4117(zero)S4324(may)S4530(be)S4658(returned)S5027(to)S5138(the)S4080 V1330(reader.\))S4248 V10 B1080(MIN)S1312(=)S1394(0,)S1494(TIME)S1787(=)S1869(0)S4368 V10 R1330(The)S1512(bytes)S1749(currently)S2138(available)S2527(are)S2676(returned.)S3087(Zero)S3303(is)S3395(returned)S3756(if)S3843(no)S3968(bytes)S4205(are)S4354(available.)S4536 V870(U)S872(Us)S947(se)S988(er)S1035(r)S1096(L)S1098(Le)S1162(ev)S1209(ve)S1261(el)S1308(l)S1363(F)S1365(Fu)S1423(un)S1475(nc)S1527(ct)S1574(ti)S1604(io)S1634(on)S1686(ns)S1738(s)S4656 V1080(Termios)S1447(attributes)S1853(are)S2008(set)S2151(or)S2266(examined,)S2713(and)S2889(special)S3200(functions)S3605(can)S3776(be)S3902(performed)S4353(by)S4484(using)S4732(the)S4887(functions)S4776 V1080(described)S1491(in)S10 B1594(termios)S10 R1919(\(2\).)S4944 V870(S)S872(Se)S930(es)S977(ss)S1018(si)S1059(io)S1089(on)S1141(n)S1218(L)S1220(Le)S1284(ea)S1331(ad)S1378(de)S1430(er)S1477(rs)S1513(s)S1579(a)S1581(an)S1628(nd)S1680(d)S1757(P)S1759(Pr)S1817(ro)S1853(oc)S1905(ce)S1952(es)S1999(ss)S2040(s)S2106(G)S2108(Gr)S2183(ro)S2219(ou)S2271(up)S2323(ps)S2375(s)S5064 V1080(With)S1311(the)S1464(use)S1628(of)S1742(the)S10 B1895(setsid\(\))S10 R2234(function)S2599(can)S2769(a)S2845(process)S3178(become)S3522(a)S3598(session)S3919(leader.)S4247(A)S4351(session)S4672(leader)S4950(forms)S5216(a)S5184 V1080(process)S(group)234 1412 A1676(with)S1885(a)S1960(process)S(group)234 2292 A2556(id)S2664(equal)S2912(to)S3020(the)S3173(process)S3505(id)S3613(of)S3727(the)S3879(session)S4198(leader.)S4524(If)S4621(a)S4695(session)S5014(leader)S5304 V1080(opens)S1340(a)S1411(terminal)S1774(device)S2064(\256le)S2220(then)S2420(this)S2592(terminal)S2955(becomes)S3334(the)S(controlling)441 3484 A3952(tty)S4085(of)S4196(the)S4346(session)S4663(leader.)S4987(Unless)S5424 V1080(the)S1232(terminal)S1597(is)S1692(already)S2017(the)S(controlling)441 2168 A2637(tty)S2771(of)S2883(another)S3213(process,)S3568(or)S3680(unless)S3959(the)S10 B4110(O_NOCTTY)S10 R4697(\257ag)S4876(is)S4971(used)S5183(to)S5544 V1080(prevent)S1410(the)S1561(allocation)S1986(of)S2098(a)S(controlling)441 2171 A2640(tty.)S2824(The)S3009(process)S(group)234 3339 A3601(of)S3713(the)S3864(session)S4183(leader)S4459(is)S4555(now)S4757(remembered)S5664 V1080(as)S1190(the)S1339(terminal)S1701(process)S(group)234 2029 A2289(for)S2433(signals)S2738(sent)S2925(by)S3050(the)S3198(terminal)S3559(driver.)S3875(All)S4029(the)S4177(children)S4532(and)S4702(grandchildren)S5784 V1080(of)S1197(the)S1353(session)S1676(leader)S1956(inherit)S2252(the)S(controlling)441 2408 A2882(terminal)S3252(and)S3431(process)S(group)234 3767 A(until)184 4035 A4253(they)S4460(themselves)S4941(use)S10 B5109(set-)S5904 V1080(sid\(\))S10 R1271(.)S6072 V1080(The)S(controlling)441 1269 A1742(tty)S1880(becomes)S(inaccessible)487 2264 A2783(to)S2893(the)S3048(children)S3410(of)S3526(the)S3681(session)S4004(leader)S4284(when)S4535(the)S4691(session)S5014(leader)S6192 V1080(exits,)S1322(and)S1494(a)S(hangup)295 1566 A1888(signal)S2155(is)S2249(sent)S2438(to)S2543(all)S2671(the)S2821(members)S3217(of)S3327(the)S3476(process)S(group.)259 3804 A4114(The)S(input)206 4297 A4529(and)S4700(output)S4982(queues)S6312 V1080(are)S1229(\257ushed)S1544(on)S1669(the)S1817(last)S1982(close)S2214(of)S2323(a)S2393(terminal)S2754(and)S2924(all)S3050(attributes)S3450(are)S3599(reset)S3815(to)S3918(the)S4066(default)S4371(state.)S6480 V1080(A)S1180(special)S1487(device)S10 B1777(/dev/tty)S10 R2129(is)S2223(a)S(synonym)367 2295 A2689(for)S2834(the)S(controlling)441 2984 A3453(tty)S3587(of)S3699(a)S3772(process.)S4152(It)S4242(allows)S4533(a)S4606(process)S4936(to)S(reach)219 5042 A6600 V1080(the)S1229(terminal)S1591(even)S1807(when)S2051(standard)S(input,)231 2418 A2675(output)S2957(and)S3128(error)S3351(are)S3501(redirected.)S3981(Opening)S4353(this)S4524(device)S4813(can)S4979(also)S5166(be)S6720 V1080(used)S1289(as)S1398(a)S1468(test)S1633(to)S1736(see)S1890(if)S1977(a)S2047(process)S2374(has)S2533(a)S(controlling)441 2603 A3069(tty)S3200(or)S3309(not.)S6888 V1080(For)S1251(Minix)S1527(a)S1603(special)S1914(write-only)S2365(device)S10 B2659(/dev/log)S10 R3026(exists)S3287(for)S3437(processes)S3855(that)S4038(want)S4266(to)S4376(write)S4616(messages)S5028(to)S5138(the)S7008 V1080(system)S1384(console.)S1766(Unlike)S2065(the)S2213(console)S2545(this)S2715(device)S3003(is)S(still)151 3095 A(accessible)409 3271 A3705(when)S3948(a)S4018(session)S4333(leader)S4605(exits.)S7176 V1080(Minix-vmd)S1572(also)S1769(has)S1938(a)S10 B2018(/dev/log)S10 R2388(device,)S2711(but)S2874(this)S3054(device)S3352(is)S3455(read-write.)S3957(All)S4122(messages)S(written)286 4538 A4860(to)S4974(the)S5133(log)S7296 V1080(device)S1369(or)S1479(to)S1583(the)S1732(console)S2065(when)S2309(X11)S2508(is)S2601(active)S2868(can)S3033(be)S3153(read)S3352(from)S10 B3573(/dev/log)S10 R3908(.)S3983(The)S4165(system)S4469(tries)S4668(to)S4771(preserve)S5138(the)S7416 V1080(log)S1233(buffer)S1505(over)S1709(a)S(reboot)257 1779 A2061(so)S2175(that)S2351(panic)S2594(messages)S2999(reappear)S3372(in)S3475(the)S3623(log)S3776(if)S3863(the)S4011(system)S4315(happens)S4669(to)S4772(crash.)S7903 V720(Page)S941(5)S4455(September)S4911(13,)S(1996)200 5061 A8143 VEP%%Page: 6 6BP/slant 0 def/height 0 def480 V10 R720(TTY)S925(\()S967(4)S1025(\))S2696(Eighth)S(Edition)296 2989 A4922(TTY)S5127(\()S5169(4)S5227(\))S960 V870(P)S872(Ps)S930(se)S971(eu)S1018(ud)S1070(do)S1122(o)S1199(T)S1201(Te)S1265(er)S1312(rm)S1348(mi)S1428(in)S1458(na)S1510(al)S1557(ls)S1587(s)S1080 V(Pseudo)290 1080 A1399(ttys)S1573(allow)S1826(a)S1900(process)S2231(such)S2444(as)S2557(a)S2631(remote)S2940(login)S3175(daemon)S3522(to)S3629(set)S3770(up)S3899(a)S3973(terminal)S4338(for)S4485(a)S4559(remote)S4868(login)S5104(ses-)S1200 V1080(sion.)S1323(The)S1505(login)S1736(session)S2051(uses)S2249(a)S2319(device)S2607(like)S10 B2783(/dev/ttyp0)S10 R3239(for)S(input)206 3382 A3613(and)S3783(output,)S4089(and)S4259(the)S4407(remote)S4712(login)S4943(daemon)S1320 V1080(uses)S1283(the)S1436(device)S10 B1729(/dev/ptyp0)S10 R2212(to)S(supply)267 2320 A(input)206 2617 A2853(to)S2961(or)S3075(take)S3273(output)S3559(from)S3785(the)S3938(login)S4174(session)S4494(and)S4669(transfer)S5008(this)S5183(to)S1440 V1080(or)S1192(from)S1416(the)S1567(originating)S2036(system.)S2393(So)S2527(the)S2678(character)S3077(\257ow)S3284(may)S3485(be:)S3661(Local)S3919(user)S(input)206 4115 A4348(sent)S4537(to)S4642(the)S4792(remote)S5099(sys-)S1560 V1080(tem)S1263(is)S(written)286 1362 A1680(to)S10 B1791(/dev/ptyp0)S10 R2277(by)S2410(the)S2566(remote)S2879(login)S3118(daemon,)S(undergoes)413 3494 A(input)206 3940 A4179(processing)S4642(and)S4820(appears)S5161(on)S1680 V10 B1080(/dev/ttyp0)S10 R1541(as)S(input)206 1655 A1891(to)S1999(the)S2152(login)S2388(session.)S2757(Output)S3065(from)S3290(the)S3442(login)S3677(session)S3996(to)S10 B4103(/dev/ttyp0)S10 R(undergoes)413 4563 A5005(output)S1800 V1080(processing,)S1561(is)S1654(read)S1854(from)S10 B2076(/dev/ptyp0)S10 R2555(by)S2681(the)S2831(remote)S3138(login)S3371(daemon)S3716(and)S3888(is)S3982(send)S4193(over)S4399(to)S4504(the)S4654(local)S4877(system)S5183(to)S1920 V1080(be)S1200(displayed)S1610(for)S1753(the)S1901(user.)S2144(\(So)S2309(there)S2536(are)S2685(only)S2888(four)S3081(data)S3274(streams)S3607(to)S3710(worry)S(about)223 3976 A4224(in)S4327(a)S(pseudo)284 4397 A4706(terminal.\))S2088 V1080(A)S(pseudo)284 1180 A1491(terminal)S1854(can)S2021(be)S2144(allocated)S2536(by)S2664(trying)S2932(to)S3038(open)S3261(all)S3390(the)S(controlling)441 3541 A4010(devices)S10 B4340(/dev/pty)S10 I4687(nn)S10 R4815(one)S4988(by)S5116(one)S2208 V(until)184 1080 A1299(it)S(succeeds.)383 1390 A1833(Further)S2165(opens)S(will)157 2434 A2626(fail)S2796(once)S3020(a)S3099(pty)S3261(is)S3362(open.)S3641(The)S3832(process)S(should)267 4168 A4469(now)S4676(fork,)S4903(the)S5060(child)S2328 V(should)267 1080 A1372(become)S1710(session)S2025(leader,)S2322(open)S2542(the)S2690(tty)S2821(side)S3008(of)S3117(the)S3265(pty)S3418(and)S3588(start)S3787(a)S3857(login)S4088(session.)S2496 V1080(If)S1177(the)S1329(tty)S1464(side)S1655(is)S1751(eventually)S2199(closed)S2485(down)S2737(then)S2939(reads)S3181(from)S3406(the)S3558(pty)S3715(side)S(will)157 3906 A4093(return)S4364(zero)S4568(and)S4743(writes)S5020(return)S2616 V10 R-11080(-)S10 R1137(1)S1221(with)S10 B(errno)241 1434 A10 R1709(set)S1855(to)S10 B1967(EIO)S10 R2151(.)S2235(If)S2337(the)S2494(pty)S2656(side)S2852(is)S2953(closed)S3243(\256rst)S3433(then)S3639(a)S10 B3717(SIGHUP)S10 R4136(signal)S4409(is)S4509(sent)S4704(to)S4815(the)S4971(session)S2736 V1080(leader)S1353(and)S1524(further)S1825(reads)S2064(from)S2286(the)S2435(tty)S2567(side)S2755(return)S3022(zero)S3222(and)S3393(writes)S3666(return)S10 R-13933(-)S10 R3990(1)S4066(with)S10 B(errno)241 4271 A10 R4538(set)S4676(to)S10 B4781(EIO)S10 R4965(.)S5042(\(Spe-)S2856 V1080(cial)S1256(note:)S1512(A)S1615(line)S1796(erase)S2034(may)S2237(cause)S2491(up)S2621(to)S2729(three)S2961(times)S3209(the)S3362(size)S3548(of)S3661(the)S3813(tty)S(input)206 3948 A4183(queue)S4452(to)S4559(be)S4683(sent)S4874(to)S4981(the)S5133(pty)S2976 V1080(reader)S1362(as)S(backspace)414 1475 A1918(overstrikes.)S2439(Some)S2697(of)S2810(this)S2985(output)S3271(may)S3474(get)S3627(lost)S3802(if)S3894(the)S4047(pty)S4205(reader)S(cannot)268 4488 A(accept)258 4786 A5074(it)S5160(all)S3096 V1080(at)S1178(once)S1393(in)S1496(a)S1566(single)S1831(read)S2030(call.\))S3264 V870(B)S872(Ba)S941(ac)S988(ck)S1035(kw)S1087(wa)S1162(ar)S1209(rd)S1245(ds)S1297(s)S1363(c)S1365(co)S1412(om)S1464(mp)S1544(pa)S1596(at)S1643(ti)S1673(ib)S1703(bi)S1755(il)S1785(li)S1815(it)S1845(ty)S1875(y)S3384 V1080(The)S10 B1265(TIOCGETP)S10 R1796(,)S10 B1849(TIOCSETP)S10 R2358(,)S10 B2411(TIOCGETC)S10 R2981(and)S10 B3154(TIOCSETC)S10 R3702(ioctl)S3909(functions)S4311(that)S4490(are)S4642(used)S4854(by)S4982(the)S5133(old)S3504 V10 B1080(sgtty)S10 R1326(terminal)S(interface)354 1701 A2094(are)S(still)151 2257 A(supported)396 2447 A2882(by)S3021(the)S3183(terminal)S3558(driver)S3837(by)S3975(emulation.)S4465(Note)S4699(that)S4888(these)S5133(old)S3624 V1080(functions)S(cannot)268 1480 A1774(control)S2085(all)S2212(termios)S2540(attributes,)S2966(so)S3081(the)S3230(terminal)S3592(must)S3813(be)S3934(in)S4038(a)S4109(relatively)S4516(sane)S4721(state)S4933(to)S5038(avoid)S3744 V1080(problems.)S3912 V9 R720(F)S722(FI)S774(IL)S807(LE)S865(ES)S923(S)S4032 V10 R1080(The)S1286(list)S1458(below)S1753(shows)S2053(all)S2203(devices)S2554(that)S2755(Minix)S3050(and)S3245(Minix-vmd)S3752(have.)S4042(Not)S4243(all)S4394(of)S4528(these)S4785(devices)S5137(are)S4152 V1080(con\256gured)S1544(in)S1656(by)S1790(default,)S2129(as)S2247(indicated)S2650(by)S2784(the)S2941(numbers)S(\(i/j/k,)221 3320 A3574(l/m/n\))S3853(that)S4037(tell)S4199(the)S4355(minimum,)S4803(default)S5116(and)S4272 V1080(maximum)S1512(possible)S1866(number)S2198(of)S2307(these)S2539(devices)S2866(for)S3009(Minix)S(\(i/j/k\))230 3279 A3534(and)S3704(Minix-vmd)S4186(\(l/m/n\).)S4440 V10 B1080(/dev/console)S10 R2080(System)S2401(console.)S4608 V10 B1080(/dev/ttyc[1-7])S10 R2080(Virtual)S2391(consoles.)S2812(\(0/1/7,)S3102(0/1/7\))S4776 V10 B1080(/dev/log)S10 R2080(Console)S2434(log)S2587(device.)S4944 V10 B1080(/dev/tty0[0-3])S10 R2080(Serial)S2341(lines.)S2606(\(0/2/2,)S2896(4/4/4\))S5112 V10 B(/dev/tty[p-w][0-f])742 1080 A10 R(Pseudo)290 2080 A2395(ttys.)S2615(\(0/0/64,)S(1/32/128\))390 2955 A5280 V10 B(/dev/pty[p-w][0-f])764 1080 A10 R2080(Associated)S(pseudo)284 2547 A2856(tty)S2987(controllers.)S5448 V9 R720(S)S722(SE)S774(EE)S832(E)S913(A)S915(AL)S983(LS)S1041(SO)S1093(O)S5568 V10 B1080(stty)S10 R1237(\(1\),)S10 B1405(termios)S10 R1730(\(3\),)S10 B1898(setsid)S10 R2139(\(2\),)S10 B2307(read)S10 R2503(\(2\),)S10 B2671(write)S10 R2896(\(2\).)S5736 V9 R720(B)S722(BU)S784(UG)S852(GS)S920(S)S5856 V10 R1080(A)S1178(fair)S1344(number)S1676(of)S1785(\257ags)S2000(are)S2149(not)S2302(implemented)S(under)229 2853 A3108(Minix)S3379(\(yet\).)S3646(Luckily)S3985(they)S4184(are)S4334(very)S4539(limited)S(utility)240 4850 A5116(and)S5976 V1080(only)S1283(apply)S1531(to)S(RS-232,)332 1634 A1991(not)S2144(to)S2247(the)S2395(user)S(interface.)379 2588 A6144 V9 R720(A)S722(AU)S790(UT)S858(TH)S916(HO)S984(OR)S1052(R)S6264 V10 R1080(Kees)S1307(J.)S1396(Bot)S1566(\(kjb@cs.vu.nl\))S7903 V720(September)S1176(13,)S(1996)200 1326 A4990(Page)S5211(6)S8143 VEP%%Trailer%%DocumentFonts: Times-Roman Times-Bold Times-Italic%%Pages: 6⌨️ 快捷键说明
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