nl_printf.3int

来自「<B>Digital的Unix操作系统VAX 4.2源码</B>」· 3INT 代码 · 共 195 行

.TH nl_printf 3int
.SH Name 
nl_printf, nl_fprintf, nl_sprintf \- print formatted output
.SH Syntax 
.B #include <stdio.h>
.PP
.B int nl_printf (
.I format
[,
.I arg
] ...
.B )
.br
.B char 
.IR *format ;
.PP
.B int nl_fprintf (
.IR stream , 
.I format
[,
.I arg
] ...
.B )
.br
.B FILE 
.IR *stream ;
.br
.B char 
.IR *format ;
.PP
.B int nl_sprintf (
.IR s , 
.I format
[,
.I arg
] ...
.B )
.br
.B char
.IR *s ,
.IR format ;
.SH Description 
.NXR "nl_printf subroutine"
.NXR "nl_fprintf subroutine"
.NXR "nl_sprintf subroutine"
The international functions
.PN nl_printf ,
.PN nl_fprintf ,
and
.PN nl_sprintf 
are identical to and have been superceded by the
international functions
.PN printf ,
.PN fprintf ,
and
.PN sprintf 
in a library. You should use the 
.PN printf ,
.PN fprintf ,
and
.PN sprintf 
functions when you write new calls to print formatted output in an international
program. For more information on these functions, see the 
.MS printf 3int
reference page.
.PP
You can continue to use existing calls to the 
.PN nl_printf ,
.PN nl_fprintf ,
or 
.PN nl_sprintf
international functions.
These functions remain available for compatibility with XPG\-2
conformant software, but may not be supported in future releases of the 
ULTRIX system.
.PP
The 
.PN nl_printf ,
.PN nl_fprintf ,
and 
.PN nl_sprintf
international functions are similar to the 
.PN printf 
standard I/O function. (For more information about the
.PN printf
standard I/O function, see the 
.MS printf 3s
reference page.)
The difference is that the international
functions allow you to use the 
.I I%digit$ 
conversion sequence in place of the 
.I %
character you use in the standard I/O functions. The 
.I digit
is a decimal digit
.I n
from 1 to 9.  The international functions apply 
conversions to the
.I n
th argument in the argument list, rather than to the next unused argument.
.PP
You can use 
.I %
conversion character in the international functions.  However, you cannot
mix the 
.I %
conversion character with the
.I %digit$
conversion sequence in a single call.
.PP
You can indicate a field width or precision by an asterisk (*), instead of a
digit string, in 
.PN format
strings containing the
.I %
conversion character. If you use an asterisk, you can supply an
integer argument 
that specifies the field width or precision.
In 
.PN format 
strings containing the
.I %digit$
conversion character, you can indicate field width or precision 
by the sequence
.I *digit$.
You use a decimal digit from 1 to 9 to indicate which argument
contains an integer that specifies the field width or precision.
.PP
The conversion characters and their meanings are identical to
.PN printf .
.PP
You must use each \fIdigit\fR argument at least once.
The results of not using an argument are undefined.
.SS International Environment
.IP LC_NUMERIC 15
If this environment is set and valid, 
.PN nl_printf
uses the international language database named in the definition to
determine radix character rules.
.IP LANG 15
If this environment variable is set and valid 
.PN nl_printf
uses the international language database named in the definition to
determine collation and character classification rules.  If
.PN LC_NUMERIC 
is defined, its definition supercedes the definition of
LANG.
.SH Examples
The following example illustrates using an argument to specify field width:
.EX 0
nl_printf ("%1$d:%2$.*3$d:%4$.*3$d\\n",
				hour, min, precision, sec);
.EE
The format string 
.I *3$  
indicates that the third argument, which
is named precision, contains the integer field width specification.
.PP
To print the language independent date and time format, use the following
.PN nl_printf
statement:
.EX
nl_printf (format, weekday, month, day, hour, min);
.EE
For United States of America use,
.PN format
could be a pointer to the following string:
.EX
"%1$s,  %2$s %3$d, %4$d:%5$.2d\\n"
.EE
This 
.PN format 
string produces the following message:
.EX
Sunday, July 3, 10:02
.EE
For use in a German environment, 
.PN format
could be a pointer to the following string:
.EX
"%1$s, %3$d. %2$s, %4$d:%5$.2d\\n"
.EE
This
.PN format
produces the following message:
.EX
Sonntag, 3. Juli, 10:02
.EE
.SH See Also 
intro(3int), setlocale(3), nl_scanf(3int), printf(3int), scanf(3int), 
printf(3s), putc(3s), scanf(3s), stdio(3s)
.br
.I Guide to Developing International Software