ksh.1

<B>Digital的Unix操作系统VAX 4.2源码</B>

.TP 10
.BI ^Y
Restore last item removed from line. (Yank item back to the line.)
.PP
.TP 10
.BI ^L
Line feed and print current line.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI ^@
(Null character) Set mark.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI M- space
(Meta space) Set mark.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI ^J	
(New\ line) Execute the current line.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI ^M	
(Return) Execute the current line.
.PP
.TP 10
.I eof
End-of-file character,
normally
.BR ^D ,
is processed as an End-of-file only
if the current line is null.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI ^P
Fetch previous command.
Each time
.B ^P
is entered
the previous command back in time is accessed.
Moves back one line when not on the first line of a multi-line command.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI M-<
Fetch the least recent (oldest) history line.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI M->
Fetch the most recent (youngest) history line.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI ^N
Fetch next command line.
Each time
.B ^N
is entered
the next command line forward in time is accessed.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI ^R string
Reverse search history for a previous command line containing
.IR string .
If a parameter of zero is given, the search is forward.
.I String
is terminated by a "RETURN" or "NEW\ LINE".
If string is preceded by a
.BR ^ ,
the matched line must begin with
.IR string .
If
.I string
is omitted,
then the next command line containing the most recent
.I string
is accessed.
In this case a parameter of zero
reverses the direction of the search.
.PP
.TP 10
.B ^O
Operate \- Execute the current line and fetch
the next line relative to current line from the
history file.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI M- digits
(Escape) Define numeric parameter, the digits
are taken as a parameter to the next command.
The commands that accept a parameter are
.BR ^F ,
.BR ^B ,
.IR erase ,
.BR ^C ,
.BR ^D ,
.BR ^K ,
.BR ^R ,
.BR ^P ,
.BR ^N ,
.BR ^] ,
.BR M-. ,
.BR M-^] ,
.BR M-_ ,
.BR M-b ,
.BR M-c ,
.BR M-d ,
.BR M-f ,
.B M-h
.B M-l
and
.BR M-^H .
.PP
.TP 10
.BI M- letter
Soft-key \- Your alias list is searched for an
alias by the name
.BI _ letter
and if an alias of this name is defined, its
value will be inserted on the input queue.
The
.I letter
must not be one of the above meta-functions.
.BI M-] letter
Soft-key \- Your alias list is searched for an
alias by the name
.BI __ letter
and if an alias of this name is defined, its
value will be inserted on the input queue.
The can be used to program functions keys on many terminals.
.PP
.TP 10
.B M-.
The last word of the previous command is inserted
on the line.
If preceded by a numeric parameter, the value
of this parameter determines which word to insert rather than
the last word.
.PP
.TP 10
.B M-_
Same as
.BR M-. .
.PP
.TP 10
.B M-*
Attempt file name generation on the current word.
An asterisk is appended if the word doesn't match any file
or contain any special
pattern characters.
.PP
.TP 10
.B M-ESC
File name completion.
Replaces the current word with the longest common prefix of all
filenames matching the current word with an asterisk appended.
If the match is unique, a
.B /
is appended if the file is a directory and a space is
appended if the file is not a directory.
.PP
.TP 10
.B M-=
List files matching current word pattern
if an asterisk were appended.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI ^U
Multiply parameter of next command by 4.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI \e
Escape next character.
Editing characters, the user's erase, kill and
interrupt (normally
.BR ^? )
characters
may be entered
in a command line or in a search string if preceded by a
.BR \e .
The
.B \e
removes the next character's
editing features (if any).
.PP
.TP 10
.BI ^V
Display version of the shell.
.PP
.TP 10
.BI M-\#
Insert a
.B \#
at the beginning of the line and execute it.
This causes a comment to be inserted in the history file.
.PD
.SS Vi Editing Mode
There are two typing modes.
Initially, when you enter a command you are in the
.I input
mode.
To edit, the user enters
.I control
mode by typing ESC (
.B 033
) and
moves the cursor to the point needing correction and
then inserts or deletes characters or words as needed.
Most control commands accept an optional repeat
.I count
prior to the command.
.PP
When in vi mode on most systems,
canonical processing is initially enabled and the
command will be echoed again if the speed is 1200 baud or greater and it
contains any control characters or less than one second has elapsed
since the prompt was printed.
The ESC character terminates canonical processing for the remainder of the command
and the user can then modify the command line.
This scheme has the advantages of canonical processing with the type-ahead
echoing of raw mode.
.PP
If the option
.B viraw
is also set, the terminal will always have canonical processing
disabled.
This mode is implicit for systems that do not support two
alternate end of line delimiters,
and may be helpful for certain terminals.
.SS Input Edit Commands
.PP
.RS
By default the editor is in input mode.
.PD 0
.TP 10
.I erase
(User defined erase character as defined
by the stty command, usually
.B ^H
or
.BR # .)
Delete previous character.
.TP 10
.BI ^W
Delete the previous blank separated word.
.TP 10
.BI ^D
Terminate the shell.
.TP 10
.BI ^V
Escape next character.
Editing characters, the user's erase or kill
characters may be entered
in a command line or in a search string if preceded by a
.BR ^V .
The
.B ^V
removes the next character's
editing features (if any).
.TP 10
.BI \e
Escape the next
.I erase
or
.I kill
character.
.PP
.RE
.SS Motion Edit Commands
.RS
These commands will move the cursor.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBl\fP
Cursor forward (right) one character.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBw\fP
Cursor forward one alpha-numeric word.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBW\fP
Cursor to the beginning of the next word that follows a blank.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBe\fP
Cursor to end of word.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBE\fP
Cursor to end of the current blank delimited word.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBh\fP
Cursor backward (left) one character.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBb\fP
Cursor backward one word.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBB\fP
Cursor to preceding blank separated word.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fB\(bv\fP
Cursor to column
.IR count .
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBf\fP\fIc\fP
Find the next character \fIc\fP in the current line.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBF\fP\fIc\fP
Find the previous character \fIc\fP in the current line.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBt\fP\fIc\fP
Equivalent to
.B f
followed by
.BR h .
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBT\fP\fIc\fP
Equivalent to
.B F
followed by
.BR l .
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fB;\fP
Repeats
.I count
times,
the last single character find command,
.BR f ,
.BR F ,
.BR t ,
or
.BR T .
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fB,\fP
Reverses the last single character find command
.I count
times.
.TP 10
.B 0
Cursor to start of line.
.TP 10
.B ^
Cursor to first non-blank character in line.
.TP 10
.B $
Cursor to end of line.
.RE
.SS Search Edit Commands
.RS
These commands access your command history.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBk\fP
Fetch previous command.
Each time
.B k
is entered
the previous command back in time is accessed.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fB\-\fP
Equivalent to
.BR k .
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBj\fP
Fetch next command.
Each time
.B j
is entered
the next command forward in time is accessed.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fB+\fP
Equivalent to
.BR j .
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBG\fP
The command number
.I count
is fetched.
The default is the least recent history command.
.TP 10
.BI / string
Search backward through history for a previous command containing
.IR string .
.I String
is terminated by a "RETURN" or "NEW\ LINE".
If string is preceded by a
.BR ^ ,
the matched line must begin with
.IR string .
If \fIstring\fP is null the previous string will be used.
.TP 10
.BI ? string
Same as
.B /
except that search will be in the forward direction.
.TP 10
.B n
Search for next match of the last pattern to
.B /
or
.B ?
commands.
.TP 10
.B N
Search for next match of the last pattern to
.B /
or
.BR ? ,
but in reverse direction.
Search history for the \fIstring\fP entered by the previous \fB/\fP command.
.RE
.SS Text Modification Edit Commands
.RS
These commands will modify the line.
.TP 10
.B a
Enter input mode and enter text after the current character.
.TP 10
.B A
Append text to the end of the line.
Equivalent to
.BR $a .
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBc\fP\fImotion\fP
.TP 10
\fBc\fP[\fIcount\fP]\fImotion\fP
Delete current character through the character that
.I motion
would move the cursor to and enter input mode.
If \fImotion\fP is
.BR c ,
the entire line will be deleted and
input mode entered.
.TP 10
.B C
Delete the current character through the end of line and enter input mode.
Equivalent to
.BR c$ .
.TP 10
.B S
Equivalent to
.BR cc .
.TP 10
.B D
Delete the current character through the end of line.
Equivalent to
.BR d$ .
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBd\fP\fImotion\fP
.TP 10
\fBd\fP[\fIcount\fP]\fImotion\fP
Delete current character through the character that
.I motion
would move to.
If \fImotion\fP is
.B d ,
the entire line will be deleted.
.TP 10
.B i
Enter input mode and insert text before the current character.
.TP 10
.B I
Insert text before the beginning of the line.
Equivalent to
.BR 0i .
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBP\fP
Place the previous text modification before the cursor.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBp\fP
Place the previous text modification after the cursor.
.TP 10
.B R
Enter input mode and
replace characters on the screen with characters you type overlay fashion.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBr\fP\fIc\fP
Replace the
.I count
character(s) starting at the current cursor position with
.IR c ,
and advance the cursor.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBx\fP
Delete current character.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBX\fP
Delete preceding character.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fB.\fP
Repeat the previous text modification command.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fB\(ap\fP
Invert the case of the
.I count
character(s) starting at the current cursor position and advance the cursor.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fB_\fP
Causes the
.I count
word of the previous command to be appended and
input mode entered.
The last word is used
if
.I count
is omitted.
.TP 10
.B *
Causes an
.B *
to be appended to the current word and file name generation attempted.
If no match is found,
it rings the bell.
Otherwise, the word is replaced
by the matching pattern and input mode is entered.
.TP 10
.B \e 
Filename completion.
Replaces the current word with the longest common prefix of all
filenames matching the current word with an asterisk appended.
If the match is unique, a
.B /
is appended if the file is a directory and a space is
appended if the file is not a directory.
.RE
.SS Other Edit Commands
.RS
Miscellaneous commands.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBy\fP\fImotion\fP
.TP 10
\fBy\fP[\fIcount\fP]\fImotion\fP
Yank current character through character that
.I motion
would move the cursor to and puts them into the delete buffer.
The text and cursor are unchanged.
.TP 10
.B Y
Yanks from current position to end of line.
Equivalent to
.BR y$ .
.TP 10
.B u
Undo the last text modifying command.
.TP 10
.B U
Undo all the text modifying commands performed on the line.
.TP 10
[\fIcount\fP]\fBv\fP
Returns the command
.BI "fc \-e ${\s-1VISUAL\s+1:\-${\s-1EDITOR\s+1:\-vi}}" " count"
in the input buffer.
If
.I count
is omitted, then the current line is used.
.TP 10
.BI ^L
Line feed and print current line.
Has effect only in control mode.
.TP 10
.BI ^J	
(New\ line) Execute the current line, regardless of mode.
.TP 10
.BI ^M	
(Return) Execute the current line, regardless of mode.
.TP 10
.B \#
Sends the line after
inserting a
.B \#
in front of the line.
Useful for causing the current line to be
inserted in the history without being executed.
.TP 10
.B =	
List the file names that match the current word if an asterisk were
appended it.
.TP 10
.BI @ letter
Your alias list is searched for an
alias by the name
.BI _ letter
and if an alias of this name is defined, its
value will be inserted on the input queue for processing.
.RE
.PD
.SS Special Commands.
The following simple-commands are executed in the shell process.
Input/Output redirection is permitted.
Unless otherwise indicated, the output is written on file descriptor 1
and the exit status, when there is no syntax error, is zero.
Commands that are preceded by one or two \(dg
are treated specially in the following ways:
.PD 0
.TP
1.
Parameter assignment lists preceding the command
remain in effect when the command completes.
.TP
2.
I/O redirections are processed after parameter assignments.
.TP
3.
Errors
cause a script
that contains them to abort.
.TP
4.
Words,
following a command preceded by \(dg\(dg
that are in the format of a parameter assignment,
are expanded with the same rules as a parameter assignment.
This means that
tilde substitution is performed after the
.B =
sig