ld.1

来自「<B>Digital的Unix操作系统VAX 4.2源码</B>」· 1 代码 · 共 566 行 · 第 1/2 页

the best number for the
.B \-G
option.
.IP
The
.B \-nocount
option specifies that object files appearing after it on the command line
cannot be recompiled.
The
.B \-count
option specifies that object files appearing after it on the command line can be
recompiled. You can alternate the use of
.B \-nocount
and
.B \-count.
The 
.B \-countall
option specifies that all object files appearing after it on the command
line can be recompiled.
This option overrides any 
.B \-nocount
options that appear after it on the command line.
.TP 15
.BI \-D " num"
Set the data segment origin.  The argument
.I num
is a hexadecimal address.  See Restrictions for information
on valid values for the hexadecimal address.
.TP 15
.B \-d
Force definition of common storage and define loader defined symbols even if
.B \-r 
is present.
.TP 15
.B \-EB
Produce the output object file with Big Endian byte ordered headers and symbolic
information tables.
.TP 15
.B \-EL
Produce the output object file with Little Endian byte ordered headers and
symbolic information tables.
.TP 15
.BI \-e " epsym"
Set the default entry point address for the output file to be that of the
symbol
.IR epsym.
.TP 15
.B \-F 
Load the process on
demand from the resulting executable file (413 format)
rather than preloading it as a ZMAGIC file.
This behavior is the default. (This option is identical to the 
.B \-z 
option.)
.TP 15
.BI \-f fill
Set the fill pattern for ``holes'' within an output section.  The argument
.I fill
is a 4-byte hexadecimal constant.
.TP 15
.BI \-G "num"
Assume the decimal number \fInum\fR specifies the largest size in bytes
of a 
.I \&.comm
item or literal that is to be allocated in the small bss section for
reference off the global pointer. The default largest size is 8 bytes.
.TP 15
.B \-g 
.ns
.TP
.B \-g[123]
Disable the
.B -jmpopt
option. The 
.B -g0
option is accepted, but it has no effect.
.TP 15
.B \-jmpopt 
.ns
.TP 15
.B \-nojmpopt
Fill or do not fill the delay slots of jump instructions with the 
target of the
jump and adjust the jump offset to jump past that instruction.  This feature
always is
disabled for debugging (when the
.BR "\-g1, \-g2" " or" " \-g"
flag is present).  When this option
is enabled it requires that all of the loaded program's text be in memory and
could cause the loader to run out of memory.  The default is 
.B \-nojmpopt.
.TP 15 
.BI \-kl x
Search a ucode object library
.BI lib x \&.b,
where
.I x
is a string.  
Because the link editor searches the library when it encounters the library
name,
the placement of the
.B \-kl
option is significant.
.TP 15
.B \-L
Ignore the 
.BI lib x \&.a
or
.BI lib x \&.b
default directories when searching for libraries.
This option is useful when you never
want the link editor to search the default directories and want it to
only search the directories you specify with the
.BI -L dir
option.
.TP 15
.BI \-L dir
Search \fIdir\fR before searching the default directories
.BI lib x \&.a
or
.BI lib x \&.b
.
This option is effective only if it precedes the
.B \-l
option.
.TP 15 
.BI \-l x
Search a library
.BI lib x \&.a,
where
.I x
is a string.
Because the link editor searches the library when it encounters the library
name,
the placement of the
.B \-l
option is significant.
.TP 15
.BR \-M
Produce a primitive load map, listing the names of the files that are
loaded. This option displays a map that resembles a UNIX 4.3BSD map.
(See also the
.B \-m
option.)
.TP 15
.BR \-m
Display a map or listing of the input/output sections on standard
output. This option displays a map that resembles a UNIX System V map.
(See also the
.B \-M
option.)
.TP 15
.B \-N
Assign the 0407 magic number to the output file, making it an OMAGIC
file. In an OMAGIC file, 
the data section immediately follows the text section. The text
section can be read or written, but it is not shareable for users executing the OMAGIC
file.
.TP 15 
.B  \-n
Assign 0419 magic number to the output file, making it an NMAGIC file. When
users execute the NMAGIC file, the 
text section of the executable is read-only and shared among
all users executing that file.
This option moves the data section up to the first
possible page-size
byte boundary following the end of the text.
.TP 15
.BI \-o " outfile"
Produce an output object file by the name
.I outfile.
The name of the default object file is
.BR a.out .
.TP 15
.BI \-p " file"
Preserve (do not hide) the symbol names listed in
.I file
when loading ucode object files.  You must separate the symbol names in the file with blanks, tabs, or newline characters.
.TP 15 
.B \-r
Retain relocation entries in the output file.
Relocation entries must be saved if the output file is to become an input
file in a subsequent
.PN ld
run.
This option also prevents final definitions from being given to common symbols
and suppresses the undefined symbol diagnostics.
.TP 15
.B \-S
Set silent mode and suppress nonfatal errors.
.TP 15 
.B \-s
Strip the symbolic information from the output object file.
.TP 15
.BI \-T " num"
Set the text segment origin.  The argument
.I num
is a hexadecimal address.  See Restrictions for information
on valid values for the hexadecimal address.
.TP 15 
.BI \-u " symname"
Enter
.I symname
as an undefined symbol in the symbol table.  This option is useful
for loading linked material entirely from a library because initially the symbol
table is empty. An unresolved reference is needed
to force the loading of the first routine.
.TP 15
.B \-V
Display a message giving information about the version of
.PN ld
being used.
.TP 15
.BI \-VS " num"
Use
.I num
as the decimal version stamp to identify the 
.PN a.out 
file that is produced.  The
version stamp is stored in the optional and symbolic headers.
.TP 15
.B \-v
Set verbose mode, which causes the link editor to display the name of each file as it is processed.
.TP 15 
.B  \-x
Do not preserve local
(nonglobal) symbols in the output symbol table; enter
only external and static symbols.
This option saves space in the output file.
.TP 15
.BI \-y sym
Display the name of each file in which the specified symbol
appears, the symbol's data type,
and whether the file defines or references
the symbol.
You can specify a number of
.B \-y
options to trace many symbols.
.TP 15
.B \-z 
Load the process on
demand from the resulting executable file (413 format)
rather than preloading it as a ZMAGIC file.
This behavior is the default. (This option is identical to the 
.B \-F 
option.)
.SH Restrictions
The text and data segments must not overlap and all addresses must
be less than 0x80000000.
The stack starts below 0x80000000 and grows
through lower addresses, so leave space for it.
.PP
For ZMAGIC and NMAGIC files, the default text segment address is 0x00400000
and the default data segment address is 0x10000000.
For OMAGIC files, the default text segment address is 0x10000000 with the data
segment following the text segment.
The default for all types of files is that the bss segment follows the data
segment.
.PP
If you use the
.B \-B
option when you link an OMAGIC file, the origin you specify for the bss
segment must follow the data segment. If the bss segment does not
follow the data segment, the OMAGIC file will not run.
.PP
The segments must be on 4 megabyte boundaries.  Objects linked at 
addresses other than the default will not run.
.SH Files
.TP 30
.PN /usr/local/lib/lib*.a
Library file
.TP 30
.PN /lib/lib*.a
Library file
.TP 30
.PN /usr/lib/lib*.a
Library file
.TP 30
.PN a.out
Output file
.SH See Also
cc(1), as(1), ar(1), end(3)