create_view.sgml

关系型数据库 Postgresql 6.5.2

<refentry id="SQL-CREATEVIEW">
 <refmeta>
  <refentrytitle>
   CREATE VIEW
  </refentrytitle>
  <refmiscinfo>SQL - Language Statements</refmiscinfo>
 </refmeta>
 <refnamediv>
  <refname>
   CREATE VIEW
  </refname>
  <refpurpose>
   Constructs a virtual table
  </refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>
 <refsynopsisdiv>
  <refsynopsisdivinfo>
   <date>1998-09-21</date>
  </refsynopsisdivinfo>
  <synopsis>
CREATE VIEW <replaceable class="PARAMETER">view</replaceable>
    AS SELECT <replaceable class="PARAMETER">query</replaceable>
  </synopsis>

  <refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATEVIEW-1">
   <refsect2info>
    <date>1998-09-21</date>
   </refsect2info>
   <title>
    Inputs
   </title>
   <para>
    <variablelist>
     <varlistentry>
      <term><replaceable class="parameter">view</replaceable></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
	The name of a view to be created.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
     <varlistentry>
      <term><replaceable class="parameter">query</replaceable></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
	An SQL query which will provide the columns and rows of the view.
       </para>
       <para>
	Refer to the SELECT statement for more information
	about valid arguments.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
   </para>
  </refsect2>

  <refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATEVIEW-2">
   <refsect2info>
    <date>1998-09-21</date>
   </refsect2info>
   <title>
    Outputs
   </title>
   <para>
    <variablelist>
     <varlistentry>
      <term><computeroutput>
CREATE
       </computeroutput></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
	The message returned if the view is successfully created.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
     <varlistentry>
      <term><computeroutput>
ERROR:  Relation '<replaceable class="parameter">view</replaceable>' already exists
       </computeroutput></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
	This error occurs if the view specified already exists in the database.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
     <varlistentry>
      <term><computeroutput>
NOTICE create: attribute named "<replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable>" has an unknown type
       </computeroutput></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
	The view will be created having a column with an unknown type
	if you do not specify it. For example, the following command gives
	an error:
	<programlisting>
CREATE VIEW vista AS SELECT 'Hello World'
	</programlisting>
	whereas this command does not:
	<programlisting>
CREATE VIEW vista AS SELECT 'Hello World'::text
	</programlisting>
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
   </para>
  </refsect2>
 </refsynopsisdiv>

 <refsect1 id="R1-SQL-CREATEVIEW-1">
  <refsect1info>
   <date>1998-09-21</date>
  </refsect1info>
  <title>
   Description
  </title>
  <para>
   <command>CREATE VIEW</command> will define a view of a table. This view is
   not physically materialized. Specifically, a query
   rewrite retrieve rule is automatically generated
   to support retrieve operations on views.
  </para>

  <refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATEVIEW-3">
   <refsect2info>
    <date>1998-09-21</date>
   </refsect2info>
   <title>
    Notes
   </title>
   <para>
    Use the <command>DROP VIEW</command> statement to drop views.
   </para>
  </refsect2>

  <refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATEVIEW-4">
   <refsect2info>
    <date>1998-09-21</date>
   </refsect2info>
   <title>
    Bugs
   </title>
   <para>
    Currently, views are read only.
   </para>
  </refsect2>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 id="R1-SQL-CREATEVIEW-2">
  <title>
   Usage
  </title>
  <para>
   Create a view consisting of all Comedy films:

   <programlisting>
CREATE VIEW kinds AS
    SELECT *
    FROM films
    WHERE kind = 'Comedy';

SELECT * FROM kinds;

code |title                    |did| date_prod|kind      |len
-----+-------------------------+---+----------+----------+------
UA502|Bananas                  |105|1971-07-13|Comedy    | 01:22
C_701|There's a Girl in my Soup|107|1970-06-11|Comedy    | 01:36
   </programlisting>
  </para>
 </refsect1>
 
 <refsect1 id="R1-SQL-CREATEVIEW-3">
  <title>
   Compatibility
  </title>
  <para>
  </para>
  
  <refsect2 id="R2-SQL-CREATEVIEW-5">
   <refsect2info>
    <date>1998-09-21</date>
   </refsect2info>
   <title>
    SQL92
   </title>
   <para>
    SQL92 specifies some additional capabilities for the
    <command>CREATE VIEW</command> statement:
   </para>
   <synopsis>
CREATE VIEW <replaceable class="parameter">view</replaceable> [ <replaceable class="parameter">column</replaceable> [, ...] ]
    AS SELECT <replaceable class="parameter">expression</replaceable> [ AS <replaceable class="parameter">colname</replaceable> ] [, ...]
    FROM <replaceable class="parameter">table</replaceable> [ WHERE <replaceable class="parameter">condition</replaceable> ]
    [ WITH [ CASCADE | LOCAL ] CHECK OPTION ]
   </synopsis>

   <para>
    The optional clauses for the full SQL92 command are:

   <variablelist>
     <varlistentry>
      <term>CHECK OPTION</term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
	This option is to do with updatable views.
	All INSERTs and UPDATEs on the view will be
	checked to ensure data satisfy the view-defining
	condition. If they do not, the update will be rejected.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
     <varlistentry>
      <term>LOCAL</term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
	Check for integrity on this view.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
     <varlistentry>
      <term>CASCADE</term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
	Check for integrity on this view and on any dependent
	view. CASCADE is assumed if neither CASCADE nor LOCAL is specified.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
   </para>
  </refsect2>
 </refsect1>
</refentry>

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