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刻录光盘的程序

    If the samples currently in memory have the wrong endianess a
    (possibly second) conversion is required.

This gives the following table:
F1	F2	need_host_order	F3	conversions
little	little	no		little		0
little	little	yes		little		0
little	little	no		big		1
little	little	yes		big		1
little	big	no		little		0
little	big	yes		little		2
little	big	no		big		1
little	big	yes		big		1
big	little	no		little		1
big	little	yes		little		1
big	little	no		big		0
big	little	yes		big		2
big	big	no		little		1
big	big	yes		little		1
big	big	no		big		0
big	big	yes		big		0


Known problems
==============

1. Sound quality

Audible errors caused by hesitations:

When recording the same audio track twice, recordings can slightly differ.
Furthermore depending on the firmware in the cdrom drive, positioning
errors can be so severe that they cannot be easily corrected by cdda2wav.
This will unfortunately lead to audible errors.

In this case some overlap or even underlap between successive portions
is introduced from the cdrom drive.
Here is this case demonstrated graphically:

Sec 1    ...       Sec n
|----------------------|                          first  read delivered
                       |------------------------| second read wanted
                     |------------------------|   second read delivered
                     |-|                          extra bogus bytes
                                              |-| missing bytes

This is due to synchronisation problems between sectors inside the cdrom 
drive. When the drive has been forced to wait, these problems arise.

Audio cds are lacking sector headers, so it's a difficult job to do the
positioning right (in the firmware). The frequency of these errors is
reduced when the reading process can continue undisturbed for longer periods.
So, a high throughput is essential.

You may want to fine-tune your update daemon to use shorter intervals
(see 'man 8 update'). Shorter intervals are better because the update
interruptions are shorter when not so much write requests can pile up.

The plextor 4plexplus drive (PX-4XCE) and newer models, newer pioneer
models as well as CD-writers with large buffers don't suffer from this
errors. Here the default is to switch off overlap reading.

If you cannot get good samples from your drives you might consider an
alternative program. Monty's cdparanoia program goes to great lengths
in order to seperate the good bits from the bad ones.

2. The index scanner has caused timeouts on my toshiba 3401 due to fast
   random accesses.

3. Retrieval of media catalog numbers and International Standard Recording
   Codes may fail due to firmware bugs.

Audio Format Conversion
=======================
Currently wav, sun (au-pcm), Apple/SGI aiff/aifc, and raw formats are supported.

I try to write correct wav files (little endian samples), but some
cd-writers might swap them, which would result in sort of white noise
instead of the original sounds. Cdda2wav has an endianness detector
for these cases, but as for all automatics, it might fail on bizarre samples.

Hint: Cdda2wav can be forced to use a given input endianness with the
-C option (arguments are 'little', 'big' or 'guess').

The sun format is a pcm variant, and uses big endian samples.
The other more common sun format with logarithmically scaled samples (au)
is not supported but can be obtained from sox's conversion.

The raw format is like the sun format except it has no header. I
changed the endianness to big endian samples in order to comply
with popular cd burning software like the cdrecord program.

The sound converter 'sox' can be used to obtain other sound formats.
(Note however, that the current sox player and a newer sound driver do not
harmonize well, use the player from the wavplay package instead (available
at sunsite)).


Feedback
========

Tested patches, any hardware information regarding drives as well as success/
failure reports are always welcome at [e-mail].


known cdda capable drives
=========================
Check out these web pages for uptodate information:

<http://www.tardis.ed.ac.uk/~psyche/pc/cdrom/CDDA.html>

and

<http://www.anime.net/~goemon/linux-cd/cdda-list.html>

From a news posting from Bj鰎n Wiberg

> The following table was generated using the CDROM.CFG file from Nero
> v3.0.4.2.
> 
> It shows different CD-ROM models and what speeds they can do DAE at. I
> guess the values are "safe ones"; i.e. the speeds at which each drive
> can perform DAE reliably.
> 
> A value of "0x" means the drive doesn't support DAE.
> 
> For your convenience, the maximum data transfer speed of the drives
> (for reading conventional files and data from the CD-ROM) are also
> included.
> 
> Hopefully, this will help some of you who are looking for a good
> CD-ROM drive to choose a model which seems fast enough both for data
> and DAE.
> 
> The models which support DAE:
> (Sorted by DAE speed, data speed and model)
> 
> CD-ROM model                     DAE     Data   Interface
> ---------------------------------------------------------
> PLEXTOR  CD-ROM PX-32TS          16x     16x    SCSI
> TEAC     CD-524E                 14x     24x    IDE
> CREATIVE CD620E                  12x     5x     IDE
> MITSUMI  CD-ROM FX320S !B        12x     32x    IDE
> TEAC     CD-532E                 12x     32x    IDE
> HITACHI  CDR-8335                12x     24x    IDE
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-A02S          12x     24x    IDE
> TEAC     CD-ROM CD-532S          12x     14x    SCSI
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-A12X          12x     12x    IDE
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-U06S          12x     12x    SCSI
> PLEXTOR  CD-ROM PX-20TS          12x     12x    SCSI
> MITSUMI  CD-ROM FX120T !B        11x     12x    IDE
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-A04S          11x     32x    IDE
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-U12X          10x     12x    SCSI
> HITACHI  CDR-8330                9x      24x    IDE
> SONY     CD-ROM CDU711           9x      14x    IDE
> MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-584           9x      12x    IDE
> MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-586           8x      32x    IDE
> CDM-T531         Ver1.041        8x      18x    IDE
> TEAC     CD-516E                 8x      16x    IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-6201TA        8x      16x    SCSI
> PLEXTOR  CD-ROM PX-12CS          8x      12x    SCSI
> PLEXTOR  CD-ROM PX-12TS          8x      12x    SCSI
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-U10X          8x      10x    SCSI
> SONY     CD-ROM CDU611           8x      10x    IDE
> FUNAI    E285X                   8x      8x     IDE
> MITSUMI  CD-ROM FX810T4!B        8x      8x     IDE
> SONY     CD-ROM CDU511           8x      8x     IDE
> SONY     CD-ROM CDU571-Q         8x      8x     IDE
> TEAC     CD-C68E                 8x      8x     IDE
> MITSUMI  CD-ROM FX400E !B        8x      4x     IDE
> HITACHI  CDR-8130                7x      16x    IDE
> MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-585           6x      24x    IDE
> CREATIVE CD2422E  MC102          6x      12x    IDE
> MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-508           6x      12x    SCSI
> IBM      PD-1 LF-1195            6x      6x     IDE
> PLEXTOR  CD-ROM PX-6XCS          6x      6x     SCSI
> LITEON   CD-ROM LTN301           5x      32x    IDE
> LITEON   CD-ROM LTN242F          5x      24x    IDE
> HITACHI  CDR-7930                5x      8x     IDE
> ASUS     CD-S340                 4x      34x    IDE
> E-IDE    CD-ROM 32X/AKU          4x      32x    IDE
> ATAPI CDROM                      4x      24x    IDE
> LITEON   CD-ROM LTN244           4x      24x    IDE
> PHILIPS  PCA248CD                4x      24x    IDE
> TEAC     CD-524EA                4x      24x    IDE
> LITEON   CD-ROM LTN202           4x      21x    IDE
> ATAPI    CD-ROM DRIVE-24X        4x      20x    IDE
> CREATIVE CD2423E  NC101          4x      20x    IDE
> SAMSUNG  CD-ROM SCR-2431         4x      20x    IDE
> TAE IL   CD-ROM CDD-7240J        4x      20x    IDE
> TEAC     CD-220E                 4x      20x    IDE
> CREATIVE CD1620E SL970404        4x      16x    IDE
> LITEON   CD-ROM LTN262           4x      16x    IDE
> TEAC     CD-ROM CD-516S          4x      16x    SCSI
> ATAPI    CD-ROM DRIVE            4x      15x    IDE
> BCD 16XA  CD-ROM                 4x      10x    IDE
> MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-506           4x      8x     SCSI
> SONY     CD-ROM CDU311           4x      8x     IDE
> MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-504-J         4x      4x     SCSI
> MITSBISH CDRW226                 4x      4x     SCSI
> SONY     CD-ROM CDU625-S         4x      4x     SCSI
> SONY     CD-ROM CDU-76S          4x      4x     SCSI
> SONY     CD-ROM CDU77E           4x      4x     IDE
> PLEXTOR  CD-ROM PX-4XCE          4x      4x     SCSI
> SONY     CD-ROM CDU55E           4x      2x     IDE
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-U24X          3x      24x    SCSI
> LITEON   CD-ROM LTN204           3x      21x    IDE
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-A01S          3x      20x    IDE
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-A24X          3x      20x    IDE
> FUNAI    E295X                   3x      16x    IDE
> PIONEER  CD-ROM DR-U03S          3x      12x    SCSI
> BTC      24X CD-ROM SLL24        3x      10x    IDE
> PLEXTOR  CD-ROM PX-8XCS          3x      4x     SCSI
> CyberDrv  CD-ROM TW240S          3x      3x     SCSI
> COMPAQ   CRD-8320B               2x      32x    IDE
> LG    CD-ROM CRD-8320B           2x      32x    IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-6202B         2x      32x    IDE
> CREATIVE DVD-ROM DVD2240E        2x      24x    IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-6102D         2x      24x    IDE
> BTC      16X CD-ROM SLL16        1x      10x    IDE
> NEC      CD-ROM DRIVE:282        2x      8x     IDE
> HITACHI  GD-2000                 2x      4x     IDE
> MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-581           2x      4x     IDE
> NEC      CD-ROM DRIVE:222        2x      4x     SCSI
> MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-8004          2x      2x     SCSI
> GoldStar CD-ROM CRD-8240B        1x      24x    IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-6102B         1x      24x    IDE
> CyberDrv  IDE CD-ROM 120D        1x      12x    IDE
> I DE CD-ROM TW120D               1x      12x    IDE
> NEC      CD-ROM DRIVE:464        1x      12x    SCSI
> TORiSAN  CD-ROM CDR_U112         1x      12x    IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-5701TA        1x      12x    SCSI
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-5702B         1x      12x    IDE
> CyberDrv SCSI CD-ROM 120S        1x      10x    IDE
> NEC      CD-ROM DRIVE:463        1x      10x    SCSI
> COMPAQ   DVD-ROM SD-M1002        1x      8x     IDE
> MATSHITA CD-ROM CR-583           1x      8x     IDE
> NEC      CD-ROM DRIVE:462        1x      8x     SCSI
> TEAC     CD-58E                  1x      8x     IDE
> OPTICS_S 8622 SCSI               1x      8x     SCSI
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-5602B         1x      8x     IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-3801TA        1x      7x     SCSI
> NEC      CD-ROM DRIVE:461        1x      6x     SCSI
> IBM      CDRM00203               1x      6x     SCSI
> TEAC     CD-46E                  1x      6x     IDE
> TEAC     CD-56E                  1x      6x     IDE
> TEAC     CD-ROM CD-56S           1x      6x     SCSI
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-5502TA        1x      6x     IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-3701TA        1x      6x     SCSI
> NEC      CD-ROM DRIVE:502        1x      4x     SCSI
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-1502BN        1x      4x     IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-5302TA        1x      4x     IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-5401TA        1x      4x     SCSI
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-5402TA        1x      4x     IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-1502B         1x      4x     IDE
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-3501TA        1x      4x     SCSI
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-5301TA        1x      4x     SCSI
> TOSHIBA  CD-ROM XM-5201TA        1x      2x     SCSI

known cdda uncapable drives
===========================

Pioneer		DRM-602X, DRM-604X
Teac		CD-55A		(panasonic bus)
Philips		CM206/10	serial RS-422
		CM207
		CM226/10	serial RS-422
		CDD462/01	serial RS-422
Orchid		CDS3110

Additions to the tables above are welcome.

and now catch your sounds,
Heiko 		[e-mail]