cdrecord.man

刻录光盘的程序

CDRECORD(1)          Schily's USER COMMANDS           CDRECORD(1)



          ----ppppaaaadddd remains valid until disabled by ----nnnnooooppppaaaadddd.

     ppppaaaaddddssssiiiizzzzeeee====#
          Set the amount of data to be appended as padding to the
          next  track  to #.  Opposed to the behavior of the ----ppppaaaadddd
          option, the value for _p_a_d_s_i_z_e= is  reset  to  zero  for
          each new track.  See ffffssss= option for possible arguments.
          Use this option if your CD-drive is not  able  to  read
          the  last  sectors of a track or if you want to be able
          to read the CD on a  LLLLiiiinnnnuuuuxxxx  system  with  the  ISO-9660
          filesystem  read  ahead  bug.  If an empty file is used
          for track data, this option may be  used  to  create  a
          disk that is entirely made of padding.

     ----nnnnooooppppaaaadddd
          Do not pad the following tracks - the default.

     pppprrrreeeeggggaaaapppp=#
          Set the  pre-gap size for the next track.  This  option
          currently  only  makes  sense  with the TEAC drive when
          creating  track-at-once  disks  without  the  2  second
          silence before each track.
          This option may go away in future.

     ----pppprrrreeeeeeeemmmmpppp
          If this flag is present, all TOC entries for subsequent
          audio tracks will indicate that the audio data has been
          sampled with 50/15 祍ec preemphasis.  The data, however
          is not modified during the process of transferring from
          file to disk. This option has no effect on data tracks.

     ----nnnnoooopppprrrreeeeeeeemmmmpppp
          If this flag is present, all TOC entries for subsequent
          audio tracks will indicate that the audio data has been
          mastered with linear data - this is the default.

     ttttssssiiiizzzzeeee====####
          If the master image for the next track has been  stored
          on  a  raw  disk,  use this option to specify the valid
          amount of data on this disk. If the image of  the  next
          track  is  stored  in  a regular file, the size of that
          file is taken to determine the length  of  this  track.
          If  the track contains an ISO 9660 filesystem image use
          the -_i_s_o_s_i_z_e option to determine  the  length  of  that
          filesystem image.
          In Disk at Once mode and with some drives that use  the
          TEAC programming interface, even in Track at Once mode,
          ccccddddrrrreeeeccccoooorrrrdddd needs to know the size of  each  track  before
          starting  to  write the disk.  Cdrecord now checks this
          and aborts before starting to write.  If  this  happens
          you will need to run mmmmkkkkiiiissssooooffffssss ----pppprrrriiiinnnntttt----ssssiiiizzzzeeee before and use
          the output as an  argument  to  the  ttttssssiiiizzzzeeee=  option  of



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CDRECORD(1)          Schily's USER COMMANDS           CDRECORD(1)



          ccccddddrrrreeeeccccoooorrrrdddd.
          See ffffssss= option for possible arguments.


EEEEXXXXAAAAMMMMPPPPLLLLEEEESSSS
     For all examples below, it will  be  assumed  that  the  CD-
     Recorder  is  connected  to  the  primary  SCSI  bus  of the
     machine. The SCSI target id is set to 2.

     To record a pure CD-ROM at double speed, using data from the
     file _c_d_i_m_a_g_e._r_a_w:

         cdrecord -v speed=2 dev=2,0 cdimage.raw

     To create an image for a ISO 9660 filesystem with Rock Ridge
     extensions:

         mkisofs -R -o cdimage.raw /home/joerg/master/tree

     To check the resulting file before writing to CD on Solaris:

         mount -r -F fbk -o type=hsfs /dev/fbk0:cdimage.raw /mnt

     On Linux:

         mount cdimage.raw -r -t iso9660 -o loop /mnt

     Go on with:
         ls -lR /mnt
         umount /mnt

     If the overall speed of the system  is  sufficient  and  the
     structure  of  the  filesystem  is not too complex, cdrecord
     will run without creating an image of the ISO 9660  filesys-
     tem. Simply run the pipeline:

         mkisofs -R /master/tree |  cdrecord  - v  fs=6m  speed=2
     dev=2,0 -

     The recommended minimum fifo size for running this  pipeline
     is  4  MBytes.   As  the  default fifo size is 4 MB, the ffffssss====
     option needs only be present if you want to use a  different
     fifo size.  If your system is loaded, you should run mkisofs
     in the real time  class  too.   To  raise  the  priority  of
     mmmmkkkkiiiissssooooffffssss replace the command

         mkisofs -R /master/tree
     by
         priocntl -e -c RT -p 59 mkisofs -R /master/tree

     on Solaris and by




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CDRECORD(1)          Schily's USER COMMANDS           CDRECORD(1)



         nice --18 mkisofs -R /master/tree

     on systems that  don't  have  UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX  IIIInnnntttteeeerrrrnnnnaaaattttiiiioooonnnnaaaallll  compliant
     realtime scheduling.

     Cdrecord runs at priority 59  on  Solaris,  you  should  run
     mkisofs  at  no more than priority 58. On other systems, you
     should run mkisofs at no less than nice --18.

     Creating a CD-ROM without file system image on disk has been
     tested  on  a  Sparcstation-2  with a Yamaha CDR-400. It did
     work up to quad speed when the machine was  not  loaded.   A
     faster  machine may be able to handle quad speed also in the
     loaded case.

     To record a pure CD-DA (audio) at single  speed,  with  each
     track   contained   in   a   file   named   _t_r_a_c_k_0_1._c_d_a_u_d_i_o,
     _t_r_a_c_k_0_2._c_d_a_u_d_i_o, etc:

         cdrecord -v speed=1 dev=2,0 -audio track*.cdaudio

     To check if it will be ok to use double speed for the  exam-
     ple above. Use the dummy write option:

         cdrecord -v -dummy speed=2 dev=2,0 -audio track*.cdaudio

     To record a mixed-mode CD with an ISO 9660  filesystem  from
     _c_d_i_m_a_g_e._r_a_w on the first track, the other tracks being audio
     tracks from the files _t_r_a_c_k_0_1._c_d_a_u_d_i_o, _t_r_a_c_k_0_2._c_d_a_u_d_i_o, etc:

         cdrecord  - v  - dummy  dev=2,0   cdimage.raw   -  audio
     track*.cdaudio

     To handle drives that need to  know  the  size  of  a  track
     before starting to write, first run

         mkisofs -R -q -print-size /master/tree

     and then run

         mkisofs  -R  /master/tree  |  cdrecord  speed=2  dev=2,0
     tsize=XXXs -

     where _X_X_X is replaced by the output of the previous  run  of
     mkisofs.


EEEENNNNVVVVIIIIRRRROOOONNNNMMMMEEEENNNNTTTT
     CDR_DEVICE
          This may either hold a device identifier that is  suit-
          able  to the open call of the SCSI transport library or
          a label in the file /etc/default/cdrecord.



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CDRECORD(1)          Schily's USER COMMANDS           CDRECORD(1)



     CDR_SPEED
          Sets the default speed value for writing (see  also   ----
          ssssppppeeeeeeeedddd option).

     CDR_FIFOSIZE
          Sets the default  size  of  the  FIFO  (see  also  ffffssss====####
          option).


FFFFIIIILLLLEEEESSSS
     /etc/default/cdrecord
          Default values can be set for the following options  in
          /etc/default/cdrecord.   For  example:  CDR_FIFOSIZE=8m
          or CDR_SPEED=2

          CDR_DEVICE
               This may either hold a device identifier  that  is
               suitable  to  the  open call of the SCSI transport
               library    or    a    label    in     the     file
               /etc/default/cdrecord  that  allows  to identify a
               specific drive on the system.

          CDR_SPEED
               Sets the default speed value for writing (see also
               ----ssssppppeeeeeeeedddd option).

          CDR_FIFOSIZE
               Sets the default size of the FIFO (see  also  ffffssss====####
               option).

          Any other label
               is an identifier for a specific drive on the  sys-
               tem.  Such an identifier may not contain the char-
               acters ',', '/', '@' or ':'.

               Each line that follows  a  label  contains  a  TAB
               separates  list  of items.  Currently, three items
               are recognized: the SCSI  ID  of  the  drive,  the
               default  speed  that should be used for this drive
               and the default FIFO size that should be used  for
               this  drive. The values for _s_p_e_e_d and _f_i_f_o_s_i_z_e may
               be set to -1 to tell cdrecord to  use  the  global
               defaults.  A typical line may look this way:

               teac1= 0,5,0   4    8m

               yamaha= 1,6,0  -1   -1

               This tells ccccddddrrrreeeeccccoooorrrrdddd that a drive named _t_e_a_c_1 is at
               scsibus 0, target 5, lun 0 and should be used with
               speed 4 and a FIFO size of 8 MB.  A  second  drive
               may  be  found  at  scsibus 1, target 6, lun 0 and



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CDRECORD(1)          Schily's USER COMMANDS           CDRECORD(1)



               uses the default speed and the default FIFO size.


SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
     mmmmkkkkiiiissssooooffffssss(1), ssssccccgggg(7), ffffbbbbkkkk(7).


NNNNOOOOTTTTEEEESSSS
     Disks made in TTTTrrrraaaacccckkkk AAAAtttt OOOOnnnncccceeee mode are not suitable as a  mas-
     ter  for  direct  mass  production by CD manufacturers.  You
     will need the ddddiiiisssskkkk aaaatttt oooonnnncccceeee  option  to  record  such  disks.
     Nevertheless  the  disks made in TTTTrrrraaaacccckkkk AAAAtttt OOOOnnnncccceeee will normally
     be read in all CD players. Some old audio CD players however
     may produce a two second click between two audio tracks.

     The minimal size of a track is 4 seconds or 300 sectors.  If
     you  write  smaller  tracks,  the CD-Recorder will add dummy
     blocks. This is not an error,  even  though  the  SCSI-error
     message looks this way.

     CCCCddddrrrreeeeccccoooorrrrdddd has been tested  on  an  upgraded  Philips  CDD-521
     recorder at single and double speed on a SparcStation 20/502
     with no problems, slower computer systems should work  also.
     The  newer  Philips/HP/Plasmon/Grundig  drives  as  well  as
     Yamaha CDR-100 and CDR-102 work also.  The  Plasmon  RF-4100
     work,  but  has not tested in multi session.  A Philips CDD-
     521 that has not been upgraded  will  not  work.   The  Sony
     CDU-924  has  been  tested, but does not support XA-mode2 in
     hardware.  The sony therefore cannot create conforming multi
     session  disks.   The  Ricoh RO-1420C works, but some people
     seem to have problems to use them with speed=2, try  speed=0
     in this case.

     The Yamaha CDR-400 and all new SCSI-3/mmc conforming  drives
     are supported in single and multi-session.

     You should run several tests in all supported speeds of your
     drive  with  the   ---- dddduuuummmmmmmmyyyy option turned on if you are using
     ccccddddrrrreeeeccccoooorrrrdddd on an unknown system. Writing a CD  is  a  realtime
     process.  NNNNFFFFSSSS  will not always deliver constantly the needed
     data rates.  If you want to use ccccddddrrrreeeeccccoooorrrrdddd with CD-images that
     are  located  on  a NNNNFFFFSSSS mounted filesystem, be sure that the
     fifo size is big enough.  I used ccccddddrrrreeeeccccoooorrrrdddd with  with  medium
     load   on   a   SS20/502   and  even  at  quad  speed  on  a
     Sparcstation-2 which was heavily loaded, but  it  is  recom-
     mended  to  leave  the  system as lightly loaded as possible
     while writing a CD.  If you want to make  sure  that  buffer
     underrungs  are  not caused by your source disk, you may use
     the command

         ccccddddrrrreeeeccccoooorrrrdddd ----dddduuuummmmmmmmyyyy ddddeeeevvvv====2222,,,,0000 ppppaaaaddddssssiiiizzzzeeee====666600000000mmmm ////ddddeeeevvvv////nnnnuuuullllllll




Joerg Schilling     Last change: Version 1.8                   15