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Partition Manager Help (v2.37.10)
What is <A HREF="#part">partition table</A>, <A HREF="#mbr">MBR</A>, <A HREF="#ipl">IPL</A>?
<A HREF="#save">Saving and Restoring MBR</A>
<A HREF="#create">Creating a new partition</A>
<A HREF="#format">Formatting partition</A>, <A HREF="#systems">supported file systems</A>
<A HREF="#os_inst">Things that you should do before installing a new OS</A>
<A HREF="#compact">Compact Boot Manager</A>
<A HREF="#advanced">Advanced Boot Manager</A>
<A HREF="#virus">Virus detection</A> and <A HREF="#hints">hints</A>
<A HREF="#setup_adv_example">Running DOS from the second hard drive</A>
<A HREF="#cmd_line">Command line options</A>
<A HREF="#moreinfo">Links to additional help</A>
<A HREF="#contact">Contacting author and copyrights</A>
<HR>
<A NAME="part">What is partition table?
Partition table is located in the first sector of every hard disk.
It has information about sizes and locations of partitions on the disk.
What is partition? It is a piece of disk space marked to belong to some
operating system. For example, your C: drive resides in the partition
of type <A HREF="#0x0600">BIGDOS</A>.
Most disks have one partition, but some people want to have more
than one operating system on their computers and therefore, have to
divide their disks into different partitions. That's why partition table
also keeps an indicator of the currently 'Active' partition - the one
from which the computer boots.
<A NAME="mbr"></A><A NAME="ipl"></A>
When you turn on your computer BIOS loads into memory the first
sector from hard disk, called MBR (Master Boot Record). In addition to
partition table, this sector contains an IPL (Initial Program Loader) -
a piece of code that searches partition table for an 'Active' record
and loads in memory boot sector of the corresponding operating system.
Standard IPL would simply load a boot sector without any messages
or questions. And this is good if you have only one operating system,
but when you have more then one, you need something more sophisticated.
For example, IPL that comes with this program can ask user at
<A HREF="#ipl_mesg">boot time</A> which operating system he want to boot and
will remember the selection, so that the next time it boots from the
same OS.
Partition table is limited to maximum 4 entries. This program gives
you an option to have up to 31 bootable partitions if you install
<A HREF="#setup_adv">Advanced Boot Manager.</A>
<A HREF="#moreinfo">Links to additional information and help</A>
<HR>
<A NAME="save"></A><A NAME="restore"></A>Saving and Restoring MBR
Saving you MBR is the first thing you have to do before playing
with this program.
First of all create a bootable floppy disk and copy this program
to floppy. Than save your MBR to a file. You can do it
by using S command in interactive mode or by running program from
the command line:
part -s a:\saved.mbr
If something goes wrong, you can always restore the original MBR by
running the command:
part -l a:\saved.mbr
If you are using the same floppy with more than one computer be
careful not to put MBR from one hard disk to another. It will do no
harm, but you may have a few minutes of panic thinking that you have
lost all your files, before you figure out what happend. So, make
sure that you give distinctive names to the files with saved MBRs.
But even if you do load the wrong table it will most likely
become <A HREF="#conflict">RED</A>, because partition settings will conflict
with the current hard disk geometry.
<HR>
<A NAME="active"></A>Selecting active partition
To make partition active you can press SPACE in the interactive
mode or from the command line:
part -p print partition table
part -a n where n is a partition number
If you have installed an IPL then you can press SPACE on the
active partition to make it inactive and when you reboot computer
it will try to boot from the second hard disk, or from a floppy.
<HR>
<A NAME="advanced"></A>Advanced Boot Manager
With Advanced Boot Manager you can have up to 31 bootable
partitions. It keeps its own partition table in the separate space
on the disk.
When you boot the computer the first part of Advanced Boot Manager,
which is located inside MBR tries to read the second part from the disk
and checks its integrity. In case if it was corrupted it promts the user
to boot from A: or hard disk.
After that Advanced Boot Manager <A HREF="#virus">checks for viruses</A>, and then
compares records in MBR with its own partition table. If there were any
changes, the Advanced Boot Manager copies modified records to its own
partition table and advises the user to run part.exe to review them.
Also see <A HREF="#os_inst">notes</A> on installing a new OS.
Then Advanced Boot Manager gives you a menu where you can select
from which partition you want to boot. After you make a choice it copies
the record of the selected partition to MBR table and hides the rest of
the space on the disk.
Advanced Boot Manager keys:
ENTER - boot from the highlighted partition (you can also press 1-9)
ESC - boot from the highlighted partition, but don't remember this
choice for the next time.
A - boot from A and put the highlighted partition in MBR
H - boot from A but hide all partitions on the hard disk,
except the first piece of the unused space which is larger
than 63 sectors. (Good when you install a new OS).
TAB - boot from the next hard drive.
ALT-ENTER - Same as ENTER, but do not put keys into keyboard buffer
if there are any keys specified in the boot menu.
<A NAME="setup_adv"></A>Editing Advanced Boot Manager Menu
For each item in the menu you can specify: (see <A HREF="#setup_adv_example">example</A>)
- Device from which you want to boot (Dev)
C - current disk (on which this menu resides)
D - next hard disk
A - first floppy disk
- Which partition should be made active on this hard disk (0 - for none)
- Row in which this partition should be placed in the MBR. (see <A HREF="#setup_adv_example">example</A>)
- Which partitions show together with the bootable partition.
The choices are: Last, Previous, Next, and Last3 partitions,
including the one from which you boot.
- Whether this menu choice should be password protected (PP)
- The name that you want to see in the menu
- Keystrokes that should be placed in keyboard buffer before booting
this OS. (for exaple, simulating F4 before booting Windows 95 will
make Windows 95 booting the previous version of MS-DOS)
<A NAME="setup_adv_opt"></A> If you press Alt-O you can change boot manager's options:
- Boot menu title
- Enable check for <A HREF="#virus">boot viruses</A>
- Clear screen before drawing the menu
- Timeout (0 forces boot manager to stop and wait for user's input)
- Default partition (overrides remembered "last selected")
- Optional password for Advanced Boot Manager
- Ignore unused partitions, when evaluating "Prev", "Next", "Last"
When password is set it protects booting from floppy (via keys A, H)
and from the second hard disk via TAB. However, you can make a menu line
which will boot from the floppy or the next hard disk, without asking the
password (simply do not enable "PP" - password protected - flag).
<HR>
<A NAME="setup_adv_example"></A>Example of Advanced Boot Manager setup
Suppose that you have two hard disks on the system:
Your new 4.3Gb hard disk And old 340Mb hard disk
1 AdvBootManager 30k 1 DOS FAT-16 340Mb
2 Windows FAT-32 2600M
3 Windows NT NTFS 400M
4 Linux 400M
5 Linux swap 30M
6 DOS Extended 800M
Then Advanced Boot Manager Menu could look like this:
# Dev Partitions Name Keys
1 C 2/* Last Windows 95 N
2 C 2/* Last Windows 95 / Prompt Y <- "F8 6 Enter"
3 C 3/2 Last Windows NT N
4 C 4/3 Next Linux N
5 C 4/3 Last3 Linux (sees extended) N
6 D 6/* ---- Old MS-DOS (sees ext) N
7 D 0 ---- Old MS-DOS (sees nothing) N
Note: in order to get DOS running from the second hard drive you have
to do the following steps:
- Install Compact or Advanced Boot Manager on the second hard drive
- Go to setup screen for FAT-16 partition and set drive number to 129
- Make sure you don't have any unhidden primary FAT-16/12 partitions
on the first hard drive when you boot from the second.
Also note that Windows NT and Linux will be placed in rows 2 and 3
in the partition table, respectively, while we don't care where will
end up Windows 95.
For Windows NT it is important always to be in the same row, because
it's boot.ini file has syntax like this:
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(2)\WINNT="Windows NT" /basevideo /sos
And it would not be able to find its kernel if we move it to a different
row in the partition table.
<HR>
<A NAME="setup_adv_example2"></A>Another example - preparing for installation of Windows 98 (or anther OS)
- Create a bootable floppy and copy Partition Manager to it
- Create and then format partition
- Edit boot menu
Your partitions
1 AdvBootManager 30k
2 Windows FAT-32 1600M <-- This is Windows 95 partition
3 Windows FAT-32 1200M <-- This one was just created and
4 DOS Extended 800M \ formated for Windows 98
Advanced Boot Manager Menu
# Dev Partitions Name Keys
1 C 2/* Last Windows 95 N
2 C 2/* Last Windows 95 / Prompt Y <- "F8 6 Enter"
3 C 3/* Last Windows 98 N
- Save this data to hard disk and to a file on the floppy
- Reboot computer
- In the boot manager menu select "Windows 98" and press A
to boot from a "Windows 98 Setup" floppy
- After installation of Windows 98 run Partition Manager to
review any changes in MBR and <A HREF="#os_inst">reinstall</A> boot manager if
nesessary.
<HR>
<A NAME="compact"></A><A NAME="setup_ipl"></A>Compact Boot Manager
Compact Boot Manager fits in 446 bytes and doesn't need any space
on the disk beyond MBR. It is simply an <A HREF="#ipl">IPL</A>.
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