zlib.pm

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# File	  : Zlib.pm
# Author  : Paul Marquess
# Created : 6th January 2000
# Version : 1.08
#
#     Copyright (c) 1995-2000 Paul Marquess. All rights reserved.
#     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
#     modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
#

package Compress::Zlib;

require 5.004 ;
require Exporter;
require DynaLoader;
use AutoLoader;
use Carp ;
use IO::Handle ;

use strict ;
use vars qw($VERSION @ISA @EXPORT $AUTOLOAD 
	    $deflateDefault $deflateParamsDefault $inflateDefault) ;

$VERSION = "1.08" ;

@ISA = qw(Exporter DynaLoader);
# Items to export into callers namespace by default. Note: do not export
# names by default without a very good reason. Use EXPORT_OK instead.
# Do not simply export all your public functions/methods/constants.
@EXPORT = qw(
	deflateInit inflateInit

	compress uncompress

	gzip gunzip

	gzopen $gzerrno

	adler32 crc32

	ZLIB_VERSION

        MAX_MEM_LEVEL
	MAX_WBITS

	Z_ASCII
	Z_BEST_COMPRESSION
	Z_BEST_SPEED
	Z_BINARY
	Z_BUF_ERROR
	Z_DATA_ERROR
	Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION
	Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY
        Z_DEFLATED
	Z_ERRNO
	Z_FILTERED
	Z_FINISH
	Z_FULL_FLUSH
	Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY
	Z_MEM_ERROR
	Z_NEED_DICT
	Z_NO_COMPRESSION
	Z_NO_FLUSH
	Z_NULL
	Z_OK
	Z_PARTIAL_FLUSH
	Z_STREAM_END
	Z_STREAM_ERROR
	Z_SYNC_FLUSH
	Z_UNKNOWN
	Z_VERSION_ERROR
);



sub AUTOLOAD {
    # This AUTOLOAD is used to 'autoload' constants from the constant()
    # XS function.  If a constant is not found then control is passed
    # to the AUTOLOAD in AutoLoader.

    my($constname);
    ($constname = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://;
    my $val = constant($constname, @_ ? $_[0] : 0);
    if ($! != 0) {
	if ($! =~ /Invalid/) {
	    $AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
	    goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
	}
	else {
	    croak "Your vendor has not defined Compress::Zlib macro $constname"
	}
    }
    eval "sub $AUTOLOAD { $val }";
    goto &$AUTOLOAD;
}

bootstrap Compress::Zlib $VERSION ;

# Preloaded methods go here.

sub isaFilehandle
{
    my $fh = shift ;

    return ((UNIVERSAL::isa($fh,'GLOB') or UNIVERSAL::isa(\$fh,'GLOB')) 
		and defined fileno($fh)  )

}

sub isaFilename
{
    my $name = shift ;

    return (! ref $name and UNIVERSAL::isa(\$name, 'SCALAR')) ;
}

sub gzopen
{
    my ($file, $mode) = @_ ;
 
    if (isaFilehandle $file) {
	IO::Handle::flush($file) ;
        gzdopen_(fileno($file), $mode, tell($file)) 
    }
    elsif (isaFilename $file) {
	gzopen_($file, $mode) 
    }
    else {
	croak "gzopen: file parameter is not a filehandle or filename"
    }
}

sub ParseParameters($@)
{
    my ($default, @rest) = @_ ;
    my (%got) = %$default ;
    my (@Bad) ;
    my ($key, $value) ;
    my $sub = (caller(1))[3] ;
    my %options = () ;

    # allow the options to be passed as a hash reference or
    # as the complete hash.
    if (@rest == 1) {

        croak "$sub: parameter is not a reference to a hash"
            if ref $rest[0] ne "HASH" ;

        %options = %{ $rest[0] } ;
    }
    elsif (@rest >= 2) {
        %options = @rest ;
    }

    while (($key, $value) = each %options)
    {
	$key =~ s/^-// ;

        if (exists $default->{$key})
          { $got{$key} = $value }
        else
	  { push (@Bad, $key) }
    }
    
    if (@Bad) {
        my ($bad) = join(", ", @Bad) ;
        croak "unknown key value(s) @Bad" ;
    }

    return \%got ;
}

$deflateDefault = {
	'Level'	     =>	Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION(),
	'Method'     =>	Z_DEFLATED(),
	'WindowBits' =>	MAX_WBITS(),
	'MemLevel'   =>	MAX_MEM_LEVEL(),
	'Strategy'   =>	Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY(),
	'Bufsize'    =>	4096,
	'Dictionary' =>	"",
	} ;

$deflateParamsDefault = {
	'Level'	     =>	Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION(),
	'Strategy'   =>	Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY(),
	} ;

$inflateDefault = {
	'WindowBits' =>	MAX_WBITS(),
	'Bufsize'    =>	4096,
	'Dictionary' =>	"",
	} ;


sub deflateInit
{
    my ($got) = ParseParameters($deflateDefault, @_) ;
    _deflateInit($got->{Level}, $got->{Method}, $got->{WindowBits}, 
		$got->{MemLevel}, $got->{Strategy}, $got->{Bufsize},
		$got->{Dictionary}) ;
		
}

sub inflateInit
{
    my ($got) = ParseParameters($inflateDefault, @_) ;
    _inflateInit($got->{WindowBits}, $got->{Bufsize}, $got->{Dictionary}) ;
 
}

sub compress($)
{
    my ($x, $output, $out, $err, $in) ;

    if (ref $_[0] ) {
        $in = $_[0] ;
	croak "not a scalar reference" unless ref $in eq 'SCALAR' ;
    }
    else {
        $in = \$_[0] ;
    }

    if ( (($x, $err) = deflateInit())[1] == Z_OK()) {

        ($output, $err) = $x->deflate($in) ;
        return undef unless $err == Z_OK() ;

        ($out, $err) = $x->flush() ;
        return undef unless $err == Z_OK() ;
    
        return ($output . $out) ;

    }

    return undef ;
}


sub uncompress($)
{
    my ($x, $output, $err, $in) ;

    if (ref $_[0] ) {
        $in = $_[0] ;
	croak "not a scalar reference" unless ref $in eq 'SCALAR' ;
    }
    else {
        $in = \$_[0] ;
    }

    if ( (($x, $err) = inflateInit())[1] == Z_OK())  {
 
        ($output, $err) = $x->__unc_inflate($in) ;
        return undef unless $err == Z_STREAM_END() ;
 
	return $output ;
    }
 
    return undef ;
}


sub MAGIC1() { 0x1f }
sub MAGIC2() { 0x8b }
sub OSCODE() { 3    }

sub memGzip
{
  my $x = deflateInit(
                      -Level         => Z_BEST_COMPRESSION(),
                      -WindowBits     =>  - MAX_WBITS(),
                     )
      or return undef ;
 
  # write a minimal gzip header
  my(@m);
  push @m, pack("c10", MAGIC1, MAGIC2, Z_DEFLATED(), 0,0,0,0,0,0, OSCODE) ;
 
  # if the deflation buffer isn't a reference, make it one
  my $string = (ref $_[0] ? $_[0] : \$_[0]) ;

  my ($output, $status) = $x->deflate($string) ;
  push @m, $output ;
  $status == Z_OK()
      or return undef ;
 
  ($output, $status) = $x->flush() ;
  push @m, $output ;
  $status == Z_OK()
      or return undef ;
 
  push @m, pack("V V", crc32($string), length($$string)) ;
 
  return join "", @m;
}


1 ;
# Autoload methods go after __END__, and are processed by the autosplit program.

1;
__END__


=cut

=head1 NAME

Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library

=head1 SYNOPSIS

    use Compress::Zlib ;

    ($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] ) ;
    ($out, $status) = $d->deflate($buffer) ;
    ($out, $status) = $d->flush() ;
    $d->dict_adler() ;

    ($i, $status) = inflateInit( [OPT] ) ;
    ($out, $status) = $i->inflate($buffer) ;
    $i->dict_adler() ;

    $dest = compress($source) ;
    $dest = uncompress($source) ;

    $gz = gzopen($filename or filehandle, $mode) ;
    $bytesread = $gz->gzread($buffer [,$size]) ;
    $bytesread = $gz->gzreadline($line) ;
    $byteswritten = $gz->gzwrite($buffer) ;
    $status = $gz->gzflush($flush) ;
    $status = $gz->gzclose() ;
    $errstring = $gz->gzerror() ; 
    $gzerrno

    $dest = Compress::Zlib::memGzip($buffer) ;

    $crc = adler32($buffer [,$crc]) ;
    $crc = crc32($buffer [,$crc]) ;

    ZLIB_VERSION

=head1 DESCRIPTION

The I<Compress::Zlib> module provides a Perl interface to the I<zlib>
compression library (see L</AUTHORS> for details about where to get
I<zlib>). Most of the functionality provided by I<zlib> is available
in I<Compress::Zlib>.

The module can be split into two general areas of functionality, namely
in-memory compression/decompression and read/write access to I<gzip>
files. Each of these areas will be discussed separately below.

=head1 DEFLATE 

The interface I<Compress::Zlib> provides to the in-memory I<deflate>
(and I<inflate>) functions has been modified to fit into a Perl model.

The main difference is that for both inflation and deflation, the Perl
interface will I<always> consume the complete input buffer before
returning. Also the output buffer returned will be automatically grown
to fit the amount of output available.

Here is a definition of the interface available:


=head2 B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )>

Initialises a deflation stream. 

It combines the features of the I<zlib> functions B<deflateInit>,
B<deflateInit2> and B<deflateSetDictionary>.

If successful, it will return the initialised deflation stream, B<$d>
and B<$status> of C<Z_OK> in a list context. In scalar context it
returns the deflation stream, B<$d>, only.

If not successful, the returned deflation stream (B<$d>) will be
I<undef> and B<$status> will hold the exact I<zlib> error code.

The function optionally takes a number of named options specified as
C<-Name=E<gt>value> pairs. This allows individual options to be
tailored without having to specify them all in the parameter list.

For backward compatability, it is also possible to pass the parameters
as a reference to a hash containing the name=>value pairs.

The function takes one optional parameter, a reference to a hash.  The
contents of the hash allow the deflation interface to be tailored.

Here is a list of the valid options:

=over 5

=item B<-Level>

Defines the compression level. Valid values are 1 through 9,
C<Z_BEST_SPEED>, C<Z_BEST_COMPRESSION>, and C<Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION>.

The default is C<-Level =E<gt>Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION>.

=item B<-Method>

Defines the compression method. The only valid value at present (and
the default) is C<-Method =E<gt>Z_DEFLATED>.

=item B<-WindowBits>

For a definition of the meaning and valid values for B<WindowBits>
refer to the I<zlib> documentation for I<deflateInit2>.

Defaults to C<-WindowBits =E<gt>MAX_WBITS>.

=item B<-MemLevel>

For a definition of the meaning and valid values for B<MemLevel>
refer to the I<zlib> documentation for I<deflateInit2>.

Defaults to C<-MemLevel =E<gt>MAX_MEM_LEVEL>.

=item B<-Strategy>

Defines the strategy used to tune the compression. The valid values are
C<Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY>, C<Z_FILTERED> and C<Z_HUFFMAN_ONLY>. 

The default is C<-Strategy =E<gt>Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY>.

=item B<-Dictionary>

When a dictionary is specified I<Compress::Zlib> will automatically
call B<deflateSetDictionary> directly after calling B<deflateInit>. The
Adler32 value for the dictionary can be obtained by calling tht method 
C<$d->dict_adler()>.

The default is no dictionary.

=item B<-Bufsize>

Sets the initial size for the deflation buffer. If the buffer has to be
reallocated to increase the size, it will grow in increments of
B<Bufsize>.

The default is 4096.

=back

Here is an example of using the B<deflateInit> optional parameter list
to override the default buffer size and compression level. All other
options will take their default values.

    deflateInit( -Bufsize => 300, 
                 -Level => Z_BEST_SPEED  ) ;


=head2 B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>deflate($buffer)>


Deflates the contents of B<$buffer>. The buffer can either be a scalar
or a scalar reference.  When finished, B<$buffer> will be
completely processed (assuming there were no errors). If the deflation
was successful it returns the deflated output, B<$out>, and a status
value, B<$status>, of C<Z_OK>.

On error, B<$out> will be I<undef> and B<$status> will contain the
I<zlib> error code.

In a scalar context B<deflate> will return B<$out> only.

As with the I<deflate> function in I<zlib>, it is not necessarily the
case that any output will be produced by this method. So don't rely on
the fact that B<$out> is empty for an error test.


=head2 B<($out, $status) = $d-E<gt>flush()>

Finishes the deflation. Any pending output will be returned via B<$out>.
B<$status> will have a value C<Z_OK> if successful.

In a scalar context B<flush> will return B<$out> only.

Note that flushing can degrade the compression ratio, so it should only
be used to terminate a decompression.

=head2 B<$d-E<gt>dict_adler()>

Returns the adler32 value for the dictionary.

=head2 Example


Here is a trivial example of using B<deflate>. It simply reads standard
input, deflates it and writes it to standard output.

    use Compress::Zlib ;

    binmode STDIN;
    binmode STDOUT;

    $x = deflateInit()
       or die "Cannot create a deflation stream\n" ;

    while (<>)
    {
        ($output, $status) = $x->deflate($_) ;
    
        $status == Z_OK
            or die "deflation failed\n" ;

        print $output ;
    }

    ($output, $status) = $x->flush() ;

    $status == Z_OK
        or die "deflation failed\n" ;

    print $output ;


=head1 INFLATE

Here is a definition of the interface:


=head2 B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()>

Initialises an inflation stream. 

In a list context it returns the inflation stream, B<$i>, and the
I<zlib> status code (B<$status>). In a scalar context it returns the
inflation stream only.

If successful, B<$i> will hold the inflation stream and B<$status> will
be C<Z_OK>.

If not successful, B<$i> will be I<undef> and B<$status> will hold the
I<zlib> error code.

The function optionally takes a number of named options specified as
C<-Name=E<gt>value> pairs. This allows individual options to be
tailored without having to specify them all in the parameter list.
 
For backward compatability, it is also possible to pass the parameters
as a reference to a hash containing the name=>value pairs.
 
The function takes one optional parameter, a reference to a hash.  The
contents of the hash allow the deflation interface to be tailored.
 
Here is a list of the valid options:

=over 5

=item B<-WindowBits>

For a definition of the meaning and valid values for B<WindowBits>
refer to the I<zlib> documentation for I<inflateInit2>.

Defaults to C<-WindowBits =E<gt>MAX_WBITS>.