unzip.1

完整的解压zip文件的源码。包含密码功能

.\" Info-ZIP grants permission to any individual or institution to use, copy,
.\" or redistribute this software, so long as:  (1) all of the original files
.\" are included; (2) it is not sold for profit; and (3) this notice is re-
.\" tained.  See the UnZip COPYING file for details.
.\"
.\" unzip.1 by Greg Roelofs, Fulvio Marino, Jim van Zandt and others.
.\"
.\" =========================================================================
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.\" =========================================================================
.TH UNZIP 1L "28 November 1998 (v5.4)" "Info-ZIP"
.SH NAME
unzip \- list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
.PD
.SH SYNOPSIS
\fBunzip\fP [\fB\-Z\fP] [\fB\-cflptuvz\fP[\fBabjnoqsCLMVX$\fP]]
\fIfile\fP[\fI.zip\fP] [\fIfile(s)\fP\ .\|.\|.]
[\fB\-x\fP\ \fIxfile(s)\fP\ .\|.\|.] [\fB\-d\fP\ \fIexdir\fP]
.PD
.\" =========================================================================
.SH DESCRIPTION
\fIunzip\fP will list, test, or extract files from a ZIP archive, commonly
found on MS-DOS systems.  The default behavior (with no options) is to extract
into the current directory (and subdirectories below it) all files from the
specified ZIP archive.  A companion program, \fIzip\fP(1L), creates ZIP
archives; both programs are compatible with archives created by PKWARE's
\fIPKZIP\fP and \fIPKUNZIP\fP for MS-DOS, but in many cases the program
options or default behaviors differ.
.PD
.\" =========================================================================
.SH ARGUMENTS
.TP
.IR file [ .zip ]
Path of the ZIP archive(s).  If the file specification is a wildcard,
each matching file is processed in an order determined by the operating
system (or file system).  Only the filename can be a wildcard; the path
itself cannot.  Wildcard expressions are similar to Unix \fIegrep\fP(1)
(regular) expressions and may contain:
.RS
.IP *
matches a sequence of 0 or more characters
.IP ?
matches exactly 1 character
.IP [.\|.\|.]
matches any single character found inside the brackets; ranges are specified
by a beginning character, a hyphen, and an ending character.  If an exclamation
point or a caret (`!' or `^') follows the left bracket, then the range of
characters within the brackets is complemented (that is, anything \fIexcept\fP
the characters inside the brackets is considered a match).
.RE
.IP
(Be sure to quote any character that might otherwise be interpreted or
modified by the operating system, particularly under Unix and VMS.)  If no
matches are found, the specification is assumed to be a literal filename;
and if that also fails, the suffix \fC.zip\fR is appended.  Note that
self-extracting ZIP files are supported, as with any other ZIP archive;
just specify the \fC.exe\fR suffix (if any) explicitly.
.IP [\fIfile(s)\fP]
An optional list of archive members to be processed, separated by spaces.
(VMS versions compiled with VMSCLI defined must delimit files with commas
instead.  See \fB\-v\fP in \fBOPTIONS\fP below.)
Regular expressions (wildcards) may be used to match multiple members; see
above.  Again, be sure to quote expressions that would otherwise be expanded
or modified by the operating system.
.IP [\fB\-x\fP\ \fIxfile(s)\fP]
An optional list of archive members to be excluded from processing.
Since wildcard characters match directory separators (`/'), this option
may be used to exclude any files that are in subdirectories.  For
example, ``\fCunzip foo *.[ch] -x */*\fR'' would extract all C source files
in the main directory, but none in any subdirectories.  Without the \fB\-x\fP
option, all C source files in all directories within the zipfile would be
extracted.
.IP [\fB\-d\fP\ \fIexdir\fP]
An optional directory to which to extract files.  By default, all files
and subdirectories are recreated in the current directory; the \fB\-d\fP
option allows extraction in an arbitrary directory (always assuming one
has permission to write to the directory).  This option need not appear
at the end of the command line; it is also accepted before the zipfile
specification (with the normal options), immediately after the zipfile
specification, or between the \fIfile(s)\fP and the \fB\-x\fP option.
The option and directory may be concatenated without any white space
between them, but note that this may cause normal shell behavior to be
suppressed.  In particular, ``\fC\-d\ ~\fR'' (tilde) is expanded by Unix
C shells into the name of the user's home directory, but ``\fC\-d~\fR''
is treated as a literal subdirectory ``\fB~\fP'' of the current directory.
.\" =========================================================================
.SH OPTIONS
Note that, in order to support obsolescent hardware, \fIunzip\fP's usage
screen is limited to 22 or 23 lines and should therefore be considered
only a reminder of the basic \fIunzip\fP syntax rather than an exhaustive
list of all possible flags.  The exhaustive list follows:
.TP
.B \-Z
\fIzipinfo\fP(1L) mode.  If the first option on the command line is \fB\-Z\fP,
the remaining options are taken to be \fIzipinfo\fP(1L) options.  See the
appropriate manual page for a description of these options.
.TP
.B \-A
[OS/2, Unix DLL] print extended help for the DLL's programming interface (API).
.TP
.B \-c
extract files to stdout/screen (``CRT'').  This option is similar to the
\fB\-p\fP option except that the name of each file is printed as it is
extracted, the \fB\-a\fP option is allowed, and ASCII-EBCDIC conversion
is automatically performed if appropriate.  This option is not listed in
the \fIunzip\fP usage screen.
.TP
.B \-f
freshen existing files, i.e., extract only those files that
already exist on disk and that are newer than the disk copies.  By
default \fIunzip\fP queries before overwriting, but the \fB\-o\fP option
may be used to suppress the queries.  Note that under many operating systems,
the TZ (timezone) environment variable must be set correctly in order for
\fB\-f\fP and \fB\-u\fP to work properly (under Unix the variable is usually
set automatically).  The reasons for this are somewhat subtle but
have to do with the differences between DOS-format file times (always local
time) and Unix-format times (always in GMT/UTC) and the necessity to compare
the two.  A typical TZ value is ``PST8PDT'' (US Pacific time with automatic
adjustment for Daylight Savings Time or ``summer time'').
.TP
.B \-l
list archive files (short format).  The names, uncompressed file sizes and
modification dates and times of the specified files are printed, along
with totals for all files specified.  If UnZip was compiled with OS2_EAS
defined, the \fB\-l\fP option also lists columns for the sizes of stored
OS/2 extended attributes (EAs) and OS/2 access control lists (ACLs).  In
addition, the zipfile comment and individual file comments (if any) are
displayed.  If a file was archived from a single-case file system (for
example, the old MS-DOS FAT file system) and the \fB\-L\fP option was given,
the filename is converted to lowercase and is prefixed with a caret (^).
.TP
.B \-p
extract files to pipe (stdout).  Nothing but the file data is sent to
stdout, and the files are always extracted in binary format, just as they
are stored (no conversions).
.TP
.B \-t
test archive files.  This option extracts each specified file in memory
and compares the CRC (cyclic redundancy check, an enhanced checksum) of
the expanded file with the original file's stored CRC value.
.TP
.B \-T
[most OSes] set the timestamp on the archive(s) to that of the newest file
in each one.  This corresponds to \fIzip\fP's \fB\-go\fP option except that
it can be used on wildcard zipfiles (e.g., ``\fCunzip \-T \e*.zip\fR'') and
is much faster.
.TP
.B \-u
update existing files and create new ones if needed.  This option performs
the same function as the \fB\-f\fP option, extracting (with query) files
that are newer than those with the same name on disk, and in addition it
extracts those files that do not already exist on disk.  See \fB\-f\fP
above for information on setting the timezone properly.
.TP
.B \-v
be verbose or print diagnostic version info.  This option has evolved and
now behaves as both an option and a modifier.  As an option it has two
purposes:  when a zipfile is specified with no other options, \fB\-v\fP lists
archive files verbosely, adding to the basic \fB\-l\fP info the compression
method, compressed size, compression ratio and 32-bit CRC.  When no zipfile
is specified (that is, the complete command is simply ``\fCunzip \-v\fR''), a
diagnostic screen is printed.  In addition to the normal header with release
date and version, \fIunzip\fP lists the home Info-ZIP ftp site and where to
find a list of other ftp and non-ftp sites; the target operating system for
which it was compiled, as well as (possibly) the hardware on which it was
compiled, the compiler and version used, and the compilation date; any special
compilation options that might affect the program's operation (see also
\fBDECRYPTION\fP below); and any options stored in environment variables
that might do the same (see \fBENVIRONMENT OPTIONS\fP below).  As a
modifier it works in conjunction with other options (e.g., \fB\-t\fP) to
produce more verbose or debugging output; this is not yet fully implemented
but will be in future releases.
.TP
.B \-z
display only the archive comment.
.PD
.\" =========================================================================
.SH MODIFIERS
.TP
.B \-a
convert text files.  Ordinarily all files are extracted exactly as they
are stored (as ``binary'' files).  The \fB\-a\fP option causes files identified
by \fIzip\fP as text files (those with the `t' label in \fIzipinfo\fP
listings, rather than `b') to be automatically extracted as such, converting
line endings, end-of-file characters and the character set itself as necessary.
(For example, Unix files use line feeds (LFs) for end-of-line (EOL) and
have no end-of-file (EOF) marker; Macintoshes use carriage returns (CRs)
for EOLs; and most PC operating systems use CR+LF for EOLs and control-Z for
EOF.  In addition, IBM mainframes and the Michigan Terminal System use EBCDIC
rather than the more common ASCII character set, and NT supports Unicode.)
Note that \fIzip\fP's identification of text files is by no means perfect; some
``text'' files may actually be binary and vice versa.  \fIunzip\fP therefore
prints ``\fC[text]\fR'' or ``\fC[binary]\fR'' as a visual check for each file
it extracts when using the \fB\-a\fP option.  The \fB\-aa\fP option forces
all files to be extracted as text, regardless of the supposed file type.
.TP
.B \-b
[non-VMS] treat all files as binary (no text conversions).  This is a shortcut
for \fB\-\-\-a\fP.
.TP
.B \-b
[VMS] auto-convert binary files (see \fB\-a\fP above) to fixed-length,
512-byte record format.  Doubling the option (\fB\-bb\fP) forces all files
to be extracted in this format.
.TP
.B \-B
[Unix only, and only if compiled with UNIXBACKUP defined] save a backup copy
of each overwritten file with a tilde appended (e.g., the old copy of
``\fCfoo\fR'' is renamed to ``\fCfoo~\fR'').  This is similar to the default
behavior of \fIemacs\fP(1) in many locations.
.TP
.B \-C
match filenames case-insensitively.  \fIunzip\fP's philosophy is ``you get
what you ask for'' (this is also responsible for the \fB\-L\fP/\fB\-U\fP
change; see the relevant options below).  Because some file systems are fully
case-sensitive (notably those under the Unix operating system) and because
both ZIP archives and \fIunzip\fP itself are portable across platforms,
\fIunzip\fP's default behavior is to match both wildcard and literal filenames
case-sensitively.  That is, specifying ``\fCmakefile\fR'' on the command line
will \fIonly\fP match ``makefile'' in the archive, not ``Makefile'' or
``MAKEFILE'' (and similarly for wildcard specifications).  Since this does
not correspond to the behavior of many other operating/file systems (for
example, OS/2 HPFS, which preserves mixed case but is not sensitive to it),
the \fB\-C\fP option may be used to force all filename matches to be
case-insensitive.  In the example above, all three files would then match
``\fCmakefile\fR'' (or ``\fCmake*\fR'', or similar).  The \fB\-C\fP option
affects files in both the normal file list and the excluded-file list (xlist).
.TP
.B \-E
[MacOS only] display contents of MacOS extra field during restore operation.
.TP
.B \-F
[Acorn only] suppress removal of NFS filetype extension from stored filenames.
.TP
.B \-F
[Unix only, and only if compiled with ACORN_FTYPE_NFS defined] translate
filetype information from ACORN RISC OS extra field blocks into a
NFS filetype extension and append it to the names of the extracted files.
(When the stored filename appears to already have an appended NFS filetype
extension, it is replaced by the info from the extra field.)
.TP
.B \-i
[MacOS only] ignore filenames stored in MacOS extra fields. Instead, the
most compatible filename stored in the generic part of the entry's header
is used.
.TP
.B \-j
junk paths.  The archive's directory structure is not recreated; all files
are deposited in the extraction directory (by default, the current one).
.TP
.B \-J
[BeOS only] junk file attributes.  The file's BeOS file attributes are not
restored, just the file's data.
.TP
.B \-J