manual

infozip2.2源码

ZIP(1L)							  ZIP(1L)

NAME
       zip,  zipcloak,	zipnote,  zipsplit - package and compress
       (archive) files

SYNOPSIS
       zip [-AcdDeEfFghjklLmoqrRSTuvVwXyz@$]  [-b path]	 [-n suf-
       fixes]  [-t mmddyyyy]  [-tt mmddyyyy]  [	 zipfile  [ file1
       file2 ...]] [-xi list]

       zipcloak [-dhL] [-b path] zipfile

       zipnote [-hwL] [-b path] zipfile

       zipsplit [-hiLpst] [-n size] [-b path] zipfile

DESCRIPTION
       zip is a compression and file packaging utility for  Unix,
       VMS,  MSDOS, OS/2, Windows NT, Minix, Atari and Macintosh,
       Amiga and Acorn RISC OS.

       It is analogous to a  combination  of  the  UNIX	 commands
       tar(1)  and compress(1) and is compatible with PKZIP (Phil
       Katz's ZIP for MSDOS systems).

       A companion program  (unzip(1L)),  unpacks  zip	archives.
       The zip and unzip(1L) programs can work with archives pro-
       duced by PKZIP,	and  PKZIP  and	 PKUNZIP  can  work  with
       archives	 produced  by zip.  zip version 2.2 is compatible
       with PKZIP 2.04.	 Note that PKUNZIP  1.10  cannot  extract
       files  produced	by  PKZIP  2.04	 or zip 2.2. You must use
       PKUNZIP 2.04g  or  unzip	 5.0p1	(or  later  versions)  to
       extract them.

       For a brief help on zip and unzip, run each without speci-
       fying any parameters on the command line.

       The program is useful for packaging a  set  of  files  for
       distribution;  for  archiving  files;  and for saving disk
       space by temporarily compressing unused files or	 directo-
       ries.

       The  zip	 program puts one or more compressed files into a
       single zip archive, along with information about the files
       (name,  path, date, time of last modification, protection,
       and check  information  to  verify  file	 integrity).   An
       entire  directory  structure  can  be  packed  into  a zip
       archive with a single command.  Compression ratios of  2:1
       to 3:1 are common for text files.  zip has one compression
       method (deflation) and can also store files  without  com-
       pression.  zip automatically chooses the better of the two
       for each file to be compressed.

       When given the name of an existing zip archive,	zip  will
       replace	identically  named  entries in the zip archive or

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       add entries for new names.  For example, if foo.zip exists
       and  contains  foo/file1	 and foo/file2, and the directory
       foo contains the files foo/file1 and foo/file3, then:

	      zip -r foo foo

       will replace foo/file1 in foo.zip  and  add  foo/file3  to
       foo.zip.	   After   this,   foo.zip   contains  foo/file1,
       foo/file2, and foo/file3, with  foo/file2  unchanged  from
       before.

       If the file list is specified as -@, zip takes the list of
       input files from standard input.	 Under UNIX, this  option
       can  be	used  to  powerful effect in conjunction with the
       find(1) command.	 For example, to archive all the C source
       files in the current directory and its subdirectories:

	      find . -name "*.[ch]" -print | zip source -@

       (note  that  the	 pattern must be quoted to keep the shell
       from expanding it).  zip will also accept  a  single  dash
       ("-")  as  the  zip file name, in which case it will write
       the zip file to standard output, allowing the output to be
       piped to another program. For example:

	      zip -r - . | dd of=/dev/nrst0 obs=16k

       would  write  the  zip  output directly to a tape with the
       specified block size for the purpose  of	 backing  up  the
       current directory.

       zip also accepts a single dash ("-") as the name of a file
       to be compressed, in which case it will read the file from
       standard	 input,	 allowing  zip to take input from another
       program. For example:

	      tar cf - . | zip backup -

       would compress the output of the tar command for the  pur-
       pose  of	 backing up the current directory. This generally
       produces better	compression  than  the	previous  example
       using  the  -r  option,	because zip can take advantage of
       redundancy between files. The backup can be restored using
       the command

	      unzip -p backup | tar xf -

       When  no zip file name is given and stdout is not a termi-
       nal, zip acts as a filter, compressing standard	input  to
       standard output.	 For example,

	      tar cf - . | zip | dd of=/dev/nrst0 obs=16k

       is equivalent to

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	      tar cf - . | zip - - | dd of=/dev/nrst0 obs=16k

       zip  archives created in this manner can be extracted with
       the program funzip which is provided in the unzip package,
       or  by  gunzip  which is provided in the gzip package. For
       example:

       dd if=/dev/nrst0	 ibs=16k | funzip | tar xvf -

       When changing an existing zip archive, zip  will	 write	a
       temporary file with the new contents, and only replace the
       old one when the process of creating the new  version  has
       been completed without error.

       If  the name of the zip archive does not contain an exten-
       sion, the extension .zip is added.  If  the  name  already
       contains	 an extension other than .zip the existing exten-
       sion is kept unchanged.

OPTIONS
       -A     Adjust self-extracting executable archive.  A self-
	      extracting   executable	archive	  is  created  by
	      prepending the SFX stub to an existing archive. The
	      -A  option  tells	 zip  to adjust the entry offsets
	      stored in the archive to	take  into  account  this
	      "preamble" data.

       Note: self-extracting archives for the Amiga are a special
       case.  At present, only the Amiga port of Zip  is  capable
       of adjusting or updating these without corrupting them. -J
       can be used to remove the SFX stub if other  updates  need
       to be made.

       -b path
	      Use  the	specified  path	 for  the  temporary  zip
	      archive. For example:

		     zip -b /tmp stuff *

	      will put the temporary zip archive in the directory
	      /tmp,  copying over stuff.zip to the current direc-
	      tory when done. This option  is  only  useful  when
	      updating	an  existing archive, and the file system
	      containing this old archive does	not  have  enough
	      space to hold both old and new archives at the same
	      time.

       -c     Add one-line comments for each file.   File  opera-
	      tions  (adding,  updating)  are done first, and the
	      user is then prompted for a  one-line  comment  for
	      each  file.   Enter the comment followed by return,
	      or just return for no comment.

       -d     Remove (delete) entries from a  zip  archive.   For

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	      example:

		     zip -d foo foo/tom/junk foo/harry/\* \*.o

	      will  remove  the	 entry	foo/tom/junk,  all of the
	      files that start with foo/harry/, and  all  of  the
	      files  that  end	with .o (in any path).	Note that
	      shell pathname expansion has  been  inhibited  with
	      backslashes,  so	that  zip  can see the asterisks,
	      enabling zip to match on the contents  of	 the  zip
	      archive  instead	of  the	 contents  of the current
	      directory.

	      Under MSDOS, -d is case sensitive when  it  matches
	      names  in the zip archive.  This requires that file
	      names be entered in upper case if they were  zipped
	      by PKZIP on an MSDOS system.

       -D     Do not create entries in the zip archive for direc-
	      tories.  Directory entries are created  by  default
	      so  that	their  attributes can be saved in the zip
	      archive.	The environment variable  ZIPOPT  can  be
	      used  to	change	the  default options. For example
	      under Unix with sh:

		     ZIPOPT="-D"; export ZIPOPT

	      (The variable ZIPOPT can be  used	 for  any  option
	      except  -i and -x and can include several options.)
	      The option -D is a shorthand for -x  "*/"	 but  the
	      latter cannot be set as default in the ZIPOPT envi-
	      ronment variable.

       -e     Encrypt the contents of the  zip	archive	 using	a
	      password	which  is  entered  on	the  terminal  in
	      response to a prompt (this will not be  echoed;  if
	      standard	error is not a tty, zip will exit with an
	      error).  The password prompt is  repeated	 to  save
	      the user from typing errors.

       -f     Replace  (freshen)  an  existing	entry  in the zip
	      archive only if it has been modified more	 recently
	      than the version already in the zip archive; unlike
	      the update option (-u) this will not add files that
	      are not already in the zip archive.  For example:

		     zip -f foo

	      This  command should be run from the same directory
	      from which the original zip command was run,  since
	      paths stored in zip archives are always relative.

	      Note  that  the  timezone	 environment  variable TZ
	      should be set according to the  local  timezone  in

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	      order  for  the -f , -u and -o options to work cor-
	      rectly.

	      The reasons behind this  are  somewhat  subtle  but
	      have  to	do with the differences between the Unix-
	      format file times (always in GMT) and most  of  the
	      other operating systems (always local time) and the
	      necessity to compare the two.  A typical	TZ  value
	      is  ``MET-1MEST''	 (Middle European time with auto-
	      matic adjustment	for  ``summertime''  or	 Daylight
	      Savings Time).

       -F     Fix  the	zip  archive.  This option can be used if
	      some portions of the archive are missing. It is not
	      guaranteed  to  work,  so you MUST make a backup of
	      the original archive first.

	      When doubled as in -FF the compressed  sizes  given
	      inside  the damaged archive are not trusted and zip
	      scans for special signatures to identify the limits
	      between  the archive members. The single -F is more
	      reliable if the archive is not  too  much	 damaged,
	      for  example  if it has only been truncated, so try
	      this option first.

	      Neither option will recover archives that have been
	      incorrectly  transferred	in  ascii mode instead of
	      binary. After the repair, the -t	option	of  unzip
	      may show that some files have a bad CRC. Such files
	      cannot be recovered; you can remove them	from  the
	      archive using the -d option of zip.

       -g     Grow (append to) the specified zip archive, instead
	      of creating a new one. If this operation fails, zip
	      attempts	to  restore  the  archive to its original
	      state. If the restoration fails, the archive  might
	      become  corrupted.  This	option	is  ignored  when
	      there's no existing archive or when  at  least  one
	      archive member must be updated or deleted.

       -h     Display the zip help information (this also appears
	      if zip is run with no arguments).

       -i files
	      Include only the specified files, as in:

		     zip -r foo . -i \*.c

	      which will include only the files that end in .c in
	      the current directory and its subdirectories. (Note
	      for PKZIP users: the equivalent command is

		     pkzip -rP foo *.c

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	      PKZIP does not allow recursion in directories other