The challenges associated with the design and implementation of Electro- static Discharge (ESD) protection circuits become increasingly complex as technology is scaled well into nano-metric regime. One must understand the behavior of semiconductor devices under very high current densities, high temperature transients in order to surmount the nano-meter ESD challenge. As a consequence, the quest for suitable ESD solution in a given technology must start from the device level. Traditional approaches of ESD design may not be adequate as the ESD damages occur at successively lower voltages in nano-metric dimensions.
标签： Protection Circuit Device Design ESD and
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Guideline Suggestion for High-Speed I/O ESD Protection
标签： ESD_Suggestion_for_HighSpeed_IO_K er
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Since electronic equipment was first developed, static electricity has been a source of problems for users and designers. In the last few years, however, electrostatic discharge (ESD) has become a source of major problems. This has occurred because newer electronic devices, such as integrated circuits, are much more susceptible to ESD problems than previous devices, such as vacuum tubes. Another trend compounding this ESD susceptibility problem is the spread of sophisticated equipment into home and office environments where ESD is quite common.
标签： Electronic Equipment ESD and
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ESD is a crucial factor for integrated circuits and influences their quality and reliability. Today increasingly sensitive processes with deep sub micron structures are developed. The integration of more and more functionality on a single chip and saving of chip area is required. Integrated circuits become more susceptible to ESD/EOS related damages. However, the requirements on ESD robustness especially for automotive applications are increasing. ESD failures are very often the reason for redesigns. Much research has been conducted by semiconductor manufacturers on ESD robust design.
标签： Guidelines Design Basic ESD
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Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) are miniature systems composed ofintegratedelectricalandmechanicalpartstosenseand/orcontrolthingsonaµmscale. The concept of MEMS is attributed to Richard Feynman’s famous talk on December 29th, 1959 [2,3]. Dr. Feynman foresaw many aspects of future MEMS development with his insight in microphysics. In particular, material properties in the µm scale are differentfrombulkpropertiesandthescalingdownofintegratedcircuits(IC)fabrication technology has been a major driving force of MEMS development.
标签： Performance High MEMS RF
上传时间： 2020-06-06
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Microengineering and Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have very few watertight definitions regarding their subjects and technologies. Microengineering can be described as the techniques, technologies, and practices involved in the realization of structures and devices with dimensions on the order of micrometers. MEMS often refer to mechanical devices with dimensions on the order of micrometers fabricated using techniques originating in the integrated circuit (IC) industry, with emphasis on silicon-based structures and integrated microelectronic circuitry. However, the term is now used to refer to a much wider range of microengineered devices and technologies.
标签： Microengineering Interfacing MEMS and
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District energy (DE) systems use central heating and/or cooling facilities to provide heating and/or cooling services for communities. The advantages of district energy over conventional heating and cooling include improved efficiency, reliability and safety, reduced environmental impact, and for many situations better economics. DE systems can be particularly beneficial when integrated with cogeneration plants for electricity and heat, i.e., with combined heat and power (CHP) plants. One of the main impediments to increased use of cogeneration-based district energy is a lack of understanding of the behavior of integrated forms of such systems. This book is aimed at providing information on district energy and cogeneration tech- nologies, as well as systems that combine them.
标签： Cogeneration District Systems Energy and
上传时间： 2020-06-07
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Resource allocation is an important issue in wireless communication networks. In recent decades, cognitive radio technology and cognitive radio-based networks have obtained more and more attention and have been well studied to improve spectrum utilization and to overcomethe problem of spectrum scarcity in future wireless com- munication systems. Many new challenges on resource allocation appear in cogni- tive radio-based networks. In this book, we focus on effective solutions to resource allocation in several important cognitive radio-based networks, including a cogni- tive radio-basedopportunisticspectrum access network, a cognitiveradio-basedcen- tralized network, a cognitive radio-based cellular network, a cognitive radio-based high-speed vehicle network, and a cognitive radio-based smart grid.
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The solid high-polymer-film-type fuel cell (PEM-FC) system is used as the power supply equipment for transportation and replaces an internal combustion engine. A reduction of the environmental load is expected through the cogeneration system’s (CGS) use of the PEM-FC system as a distributed power supply to individual houses, apartments, and so forth [1–3]. The growing use of distributed power systems, such as fuel cells, the reduction of power-transmission losses, and an increase of waste heat recovery are expected. Therefore, the reduction of carbon- dioxide emission is also expected as compared to conventional energy supply methods using commercial electric power.
标签： Micro-grids Fuel Cell
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The use of renewable energy systems, such as wind power, hydropower, tidal power, solar power, geothermal power and biomass burn is growing. Research in electric power generation from renewable sources is continuously expanding and stands for an area of high technological and financial importance. The implemen- tation of new technologies for the functioning and management of renewable energy systems will help to further develop the renewable energy sector.
标签： Intelligent Renewable Systems Energy
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